I'm following the "Learn Python The Hard Way" book. In the partial example below the input string is compared against some values.
When I execute the code, if you enter any input that contains the word + any other character, it is still evaluated to True,
e.g. > fleeee, headsss, headhead
def cthulhu_room():
print "Here you see the great evil Cthulhu."
print "He, it, whatever stares at you and you go insane."
print "Do you flee for your life or eat your head?"
choice = raw_input("> ")
if "flee" in choice:
start()
elif "head" in choice:
dead("Well that was tasty!")
else:
cthulhu_room()
How can I modify it so it matches 'head' exactly?
Use == instead of in.
By using in you search if it's inside.
Using == checks for the exact string.
Related
My problem is, that my program randomly generates a random answer if the userinput contains more than one word, even though i don't want to. I mean i understand why the programm generates a random answer, but how can i overcome this?
Here is my code:
import random
print("Welcome to Chatbot! Have fun.")
print("")
randomanswer = ['Thats not good', 'me too', 'how about you?']
reactionanswer = {'hello': 'hello, whats up?',
'sad': 'speak to me',
'entertainment': 'how can i entertain you?'}
userinput = ''
while True:
userinput = input("Question/Answer: ")
userinput = userinput.lower()
if userinput == 'bye':
print("See you soon!")
break
else:
usersplit = userinput.split()
for i in usersplit:
if i in reactionanswer:
print(reactionanswer[i])
else:
print(random.choice(randomanswer))
Works fine for me, I ran exactly your code and get this:
Question/Answer: hello guy
hello, whats up?
Thats not good
Question/Answer: nothing in the list
me too
me too
me too
Thats not good
work also for several words. it depend on what works meaning - you wrote that for each word that not in your known list it would generate random answer. and for any known word it will answer as you want to. and that exactly what happen - in the first case the first word generated the first known answer and the second generated random answer. clarify what exactly not work as you expect.
The problem is that even though you found your answer the for loop continues to run. Add add "break" statement if the word has been found in answers. Like this:
else:
usersplit = userinput.split()
for i in usersplit:
if i in reactionanswer:
print(reactionanswer[i])
break < --- add this
else:
print(random.choice(randomanswer))
I am trying to elicit two responses depending on user input, and can't get it to work. It just keeps printing "Correct, seems you're smarter than I thought...". Any help would be much appreciated, thank you
print ("Welcome to UTOPIA")
river= ""
while not river:
river = input ("\n\n\n\nYou come across a raging river, what do you do? ")
if river == "swim" or "swim through it":
print ("Correct, seems you're smarter than I thought...")
elif river == "walk through it" or "walk through":
print ("You cant walk through such a big river... silly!")
else:
print ("Well, sensible suggestions now...")
The issue has to do with your if statements. An or will not automatically look at the last variable used so it must be specified again. If "some string" will always evaluate to true as long as the string isn't empty.
print ("Welcome to UTOPIA")
river= ""
while not river:
river = input ("\n\n\n\nYou come across a raging river, what do you do? ")
if river == "swim" or river == "swim through it": #Notice the change
print ("Correct, seems you're smarter than I thought...")
elif river == "walk through it" or river == "walk through": #Notice the change
print ("You cant walk through such a big river... silly!")
else:
print ("Well, sensible suggestions now...")
Because you're doing
if river == "swim" or "swim through it":
# ...
which is not correct code.
Essentially you're saying "If river is swim or string "swim through it" " which doesn't make sense.
You're looking for
if river == "swim" or river == "swim through it"
All non-empty strings are (unfortunately) True in Python.
That means that this will always be True:
if something or "string":
Because or "string" will always be True.
The part of my code where I ask the user if they want some cake has me confused.
import time
print("Here comes dat boi")
time.sleep(.5)
print("Waddup dat boi")
time.sleep(1)
name = input("Whats your name?\n")
print ("Hello,",name)
time.sleep(.5)
cake = input("Hello, want some cake?\n")
if cake == 'yes' or 'ya' or 'Ya':
print("Cool!")
else:
print('Aww..')
Sample Input:
ya
yes
no
something other
Expected Output:
Cool!
Cool!
Aww..
Aww..
Actual Output
Cool!
Cool!
Cool!
Cool!
Why is the line print('Aww..') not executing?
An if statement is built on conditions. If you plan to use a statement with multiple different 'triggers' you must state the new conditions for each.
As such, your statement requires cake == for every potential true or false outcome.
import time
print("Here comes dat boi")
time.sleep(.5)
print("Waddup dat boi")
time.sleep(1)
name = input("Whats your name?\n")
print ("Hello,",name)
time.sleep(.5)
cake = input("Hello, want some cake?\n")
if cake == 'yes' or cake == 'ya' or cake == 'Ya':
print("Cool!")
else:
print('Aww..')
To help with your confusion, I believe the or 'ya' or 'Ya' resulted in true due to both the user input and 'ya'/'Ya' being of the string type.
Do not quote me on that last part. My assumption may be incorrect.
Edit: Your comment "
Isaac It probably works but the or should hook them up. It was working earlier. It will work with one word but if not it will all ways say Cool!" suggests that my assumption regarding the type match resulting in true is in fact correct. That could be why earlier testing could have made the or seem like it was hooking the different possibilities.
The following code if cake in ('yes', 'Ya','ya'): would be the correct method of 'hooking' the different possibilities into a single condition.
Fixed Answer for OP:
import time
print("Here comes dat boi")
time.sleep(.5)
print("Waddup dat boi")
time.sleep(1)
name = input("Whats your name?\n")
print ("Hello,",name)
time.sleep(.5)
cake = input("Hello, want some cake?\n")
if cake in ('yes', 'Ya','ya', 'fine', 'sure'):
print("Cool!")
else:
print('Aww..')
I haven't written a single line of python before, but my intuition says you need to replace
if cake == 'yes' or 'ya' or 'Ya':
with
if cake == 'yes' or cake == 'ya' or cake == 'Ya':
You could try Word in array of words (again, untested, just a guess)
if cake in ['yes','ya','Ya']:
Non-empty strings are always evaluated as True in Python. Your code
if cake == 'yes' or 'ya' or 'Ya':
, using boolean logic, will always execute the tasks under it no matter you enter there. So it always prints "Cool!".
To prevent this from happening you should modify your conditional if statement in such a way that you will only catch the words 'yes', 'ya' and 'Ya'. Thus, if cake == 'yes' or 'ya' or 'Ya': should be replaced with
if cake == 'yes' or cake == 'ya' or cake == 'Ya':
or if you are already familiar with Python lists
if cake in ['yes', 'ya', 'Ya']: # Evaluates to True if cake is
# equivalent to one of the strings in the list
Read this thread for more details on the truth value of a Python string.
As a newbie to programming I currently have an exam where I am supposed to submit Python code for a madlibs game. What I am currently missing in my code is the validation of the user input against the word that should appear in the text.
Right now the program is able to take user input and display the full text but I don't know where to put the validation of the user input in my code, especially because I am going through a list of different words. I know that I have to define the variable somewhere to make a check against the user input but I am completely stuck right now.
This is the current working version of my code, i.e. without the attempt of the input validation against the words.
print "Welcome to my first quiz with user input"
print "Lets get cracking straight away"
print
import time
while True:
difficulty_level = raw_input("Which difficulty level would you like? Type EASY, MEDIUM or HARD to continue? ")
if difficulty_level.upper() == "EASY":
time.sleep(1)
print "Here it goes..."
print
time.sleep(1)
print "Here's your text. Should be an easy one. Just fill in the blanks for _Word_ 1-3."
print
print
print "Python is a _Word1_ language that provides constructs intended to enable clear programs on both small and large scale. Python implementation was started in December _Word2_ by Guido von Rossum. The most simple _Word3_ in Python is _Word4_ and normally used at the beginning to tell Python to write 'Hello World' on the screen."
print
# A list of replacement words to be passed in to the play game function.
parts_of_speech1 = ["_Word1_", "_Word2_", "_Word3_", "_Word4_"]
# The following is the text for the easy text..
easy_text = "Python is a _Word1_ language that provides constructs intended to enable clear programs on both small and large scale. Python implementation was started in December _Word2_ by Guido von Rossum. The most simple _Word3_ in Python is _Word4_ and normally used at the beginning to tell Python to write 'Hello World' on the screen."
# Checks if a word in parts_of_speech is a substring of the word passed in.
def word_in_pos_easy(word, parts_of_speech1):
for pos in parts_of_speech1:
if pos in word:
return pos
return None
# Plays a full game of mad_libs. A player is prompted to replace words in the easy text,
# which appear in parts_of_speech with their own words.
def easy_game(easy_text, parts_of_speech1):
replaced = []
easy_text = easy_text.split()
for word in easy_text:
replacement = word_in_pos_easy(word, parts_of_speech1)
if replacement != None:
user_input = raw_input("Type in: " + replacement + " ")
word = word.replace(replacement, user_input)
replaced.append(word)
else:
replaced.append(word)
replaced = " ".join(replaced)
print
time.sleep(1)
print "Ok, lets see your results. Does it make sense?"
print
time.sleep(1)
return replaced
print
time.sleep(1)
print easy_game(easy_text, parts_of_speech1)
# Difficulty Level Medium
if difficulty_level.upper() == "MEDIUM":
time.sleep(1)
print "Good choice. Lets see how much you know about Python"
print
time.sleep(1)
print "Here's your text. It's a tricky one that requires some more knowledge about Python. Just fill in the blanks for _Word_ 1-3."
print
print
print "A string object is _Word1_, i.e. it cannot be modified after it has been created. An important concept in Python and other programming languages is _Word2_. You use them to store a value. To assign a value to a Variable you use the _Word3_ operator. A more versatile data type in Python is _Word4_. They contain items separated by commas and within square brackets. To some extent they are similar to arrays in C."
print
# A list of replacement words to be passed in to the play game function.
parts_of_speech2 = ["_Word1_", "_Word2_", "_Word3_", "_Word4_"]
# The following are some test strings to pass in to the play_game function.
medium_text = "A string object is _Word1_, i.e. it cannot be modified after it has been created. An important concept in Python and other programming languages is _Word2_. You use them to store a value. To assign a value to a Variable you use the _Word3_ operator. A more versatile data type in Python is _Word4_. They contain items separated by commas and within square brackets. To some extent they are similar to arrays in C."
# Checks if a word in parts_of_speech is a substring of the word passed in.
def word_in_pos_medium(word, parts_of_speech2):
for pos in parts_of_speech2:
if pos in word:
return pos
return None
# Plays a full game of mad_libs. A player is prompted to replace words in ml_string,
# which appear in parts_of_speech with their own words.
def medium_game(medium_text, parts_of_speech2):
replaced = []
medium_text = medium_text.split()
for word in medium_text:
replacement = word_in_pos_medium(word, parts_of_speech2)
if replacement != None:
user_input = raw_input("Type in: " + replacement + " ")
word = word.replace(replacement, user_input)
replaced.append(word)
else:
replaced.append(word)
replaced = " ".join(replaced)
print
time.sleep(1)
print "OK, lets see your results. Does it make sense?"
print
time.sleep(1)
return replaced
print
time.sleep(1)
print medium_game(medium_text, parts_of_speech2)
# Difficulty Level Hard
if difficulty_level.upper() == "HARD":
time.sleep(1)
print "Bold move! Here we go. Check out this text. It's a tough one"
print
time.sleep(1)
print "Here's your text. This one requires quite some Python knowledge"
print
print
print "Similar to other programming languages, Python has flow controls. The most known statement is the _Word1_ statement. It can be combined with an else statement and helps to process a logic based on a specific condition. For more repetitive processing one needs to use loops. _Word2_ loops execute a sequence of statements multiple times and abbreviates the code that manages the loop variable._Word3_ loops repeat a statement or group of statements while a given condition is TRUE. It tests the condition before executing the loop body."
print
# A list of replacement words to be passed in to the play game function.
parts_of_speech3 = ["_Word1_", "_Word2_", "_Word3_", "_Word4_"]
# The following are some test strings to pass in to the play_game function.
hard_text = "Similar to other programming languages, Python has flow controls. The most known statement is the _Word1_ statement. It can be combined with an else statement and helps to process a logic based on a specific condition. For more repetitive processing one needs to use loops. _Word2_ loops execute a sequence of statements multiple times and abbreviates the code that manages the loop variable. _Word3_ loops repeat a statement or group of statements while a given condition is TRUE. It tests the _Word4_ before executing the loop body."
# Checks if a word in parts_of_speech is a substring of the word passed in.
def word_in_pos_hard(word, parts_of_speech3):
for pos in parts_of_speech3:
if pos in word:
return pos
return None
# Plays a full game of mad_libs. A player is prompted to replace words in the hard text,
# which appear in parts_of_speech with their own words.
def hard_game(hard_text, parts_of_speech3):
replaced = []
hard_text = hard_text.split()
for word in hard_text:
replacement = word_in_pos_hard(word, parts_of_speech3)
if replacement != None:
user_input = raw_input("Type in: " + replacement + " ")
word = word.replace(replacement, user_input)
replaced.append(word)
else:
replaced.append(word)
replaced = " ".join(replaced)
print
time.sleep(1)
print "OK, lets see your results. Does it make sense?"
print
time.sleep(1)
return replaced
print
print hard_game(hard_text, parts_of_speech3)
else:
print "Sorry, that was not a correct input. Please enter EASY, MEDIUM or HARD to set the difficulty level."
Here's how I would do it:
from random import shuffle
import sys
from time import sleep
# version compatibility shim
if sys.hexversion <= 0x3000000: # Python 2.x
inp = raw_input
else: # Python 3.x
inp = input
def get_word(prompt):
return inp(prompt).strip().lower()
def shuffled(words):
words_copy = list(words)
shuffle(words_copy)
return words_copy
class MadLib:
BLANK = "___"
DELAY = 1
def __init__(self, intros, prompt, words):
self.intros = intros
self.prompt = prompt
self.words = words
self.num_words = len(words)
assert prompt.count(self.BLANK) == self.num_words, "Number of blanks must match number of words!"
def play(self):
# show introduction
for s in self.intros:
sleep(self.DELAY)
print(s, flush=True)
# display madlib with blanks
sleep(self.DELAY)
print(self.prompt)
# get words from user
print("Words available: " + ", ".join(shuffled(self.words)))
gotten = [
get_word("Word {}: ".format(i))
for i in range(1, self.num_words + 1)
]
# evaluate results
num_right = sum(g == w for g,w in zip(gotten, self.words))
if num_right == self.num_words:
print("You did it!")
return True
else:
print("You got {} out of {} words right.".format(num_right, self.num_words))
return False
madlibs = {
"easy":
MadLib(
[
"Here we go...",
"Here's your text. Should be an easy one.",
"Just fill in the blanks!"
],
(
"Python is a ___ language that provides constructs intended to "
"enable clear programs on both small and large scale. "
"Python implementation was started in December ___ by "
"Guido von Rossum. The most basic ___ in Python is ___, "
"often used by beginners to tell Python to display 'Hello "
"World' on the screen."
),
['programming', '1989', 'command', 'print']
),
"medium":
MadLib(
[
"Good choice. Lets see how much you know about Python",
"Here's your text. It's a tricky one that requires some more knowledge about Python.",
"Just fill in the blanks!"
],
(
"A string object is ___, i.e. it cannot be modified after it "
"has been created. An important concept in Python and other "
"programming languages is the ___, used to store a value. "
"To assign a value to you use the ___ operator. A more "
"versatile data type in Python is ___, containing items "
"separated by commas and within square brackets and to "
"some extent they are similar to arrays in C."
),
['immutable', 'variable', 'equals', 'list']
),
"hard":
MadLib(
[
"Bold move! Here we go. Check out this text. It's a tough one!",
"Here's your text. This one requires quite some Python knowledge.",
"Just fill in the blanks!",
"Here's your text:"
],
(
"Similar to other programming languages, Python has flow "
"control commands. The most common is ___ which lets you branch "
"based on a condition. Looping commands like ___ execute "
"statements a given number of times, or ___ repeats statements "
"so long as a condition is True."
),
['if', 'for', 'while']
)
}
def main():
print(
"Welcome to my first quiz with user input!\n"
"Lets get cracking straight away."
)
while True:
choice = get_word("Which difficulty level would you like? [easy, medium, hard] (or just hit Enter to exit) ")
if not choice:
break
elif choice in madlibs:
madlibs[choice].play()
else:
print("Sorry, that was not a recognized option.")
if __name__=="__main__":
main()
What I’d like to is make my code so that if I enter "You are a " plus a complement word (in the list) and or another word like "You are a nice robot" It will print out: "Thank You!"
Here is my code:
complements = ["nice","happy","good","smart","wonderful"]
def chat():
input = raw_input("You: ")
if input in "You are a ":
if input in complements:
print "TIM: Thank you"
else:
print "I don't understand"
chat();
No matter what I do, it automatically goes to the else statement
You have two main problems:
if input in "You are a ": tests whether the whole input is in "You are a ", not whether that phrase is at the start of the input; and
if input in complements tests whether the whole input is in your list, not whether one item from your list is in the input.
Try something like:
def chat(compliments=["nice", "happy", "good", "smart", "wonderful"]):
input = raw_input("YOU: ")
if input.startswith("You are a "):
if any(input[10:].startswith(c) for c in compliments):
print "TIM: Thank you"
This gives me:
>>> chat()
YOU: You are a nice robot
TIM: Thank you