The error i keep getting is when i try to determine weather the player has enough guesses left to keep playing. i am unable to figure it out does anyone have any idea how to fix this issue please i am stuck.
Also i am a beginner in python and i know there are other easier ways to do this i just do not know how.
here i my error i recieve:
File c: line 68, in initalize_loop
total_guesses = int(total_guesses_left.get())
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '[]'
here is my full code below:
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox
import random
import os
import sys
#Section the Functions are stored.
def loadWordList(words):
try:
fin = open(words)
for line in fin:
tmp = fin.readline()
wordList.append(tmp.rstrip("\n"))
fin.close
except OSError as err:
print("File Error: ", err, "\n")
exit(1)
def exity():
sys.exit()
def getHint(word, guessed_letter):
#Stores the word in characters in which the player cannot see but still gives the ammount of charaters.
hint = ""
c = 0
while ( c <= (len(word) - 1)):
if word[c] in guessed_letter:
#increments each hint that is correctly guessed unlocking the guessed letter.
hint += word[c]
c += 1
else:
hint += "_"
c +=1
return hint
def countOccurences(word, guess):
c = 0
count = 0
while c <= (len(word)-1):
#Shows the ammount of times the letter occured in that word.
if guess == word[c]:
count +=1
c += 1
else:
c += 1
return count
def get_letter(*args):
guess = inputted_value.get()
guess = guess.lower()
return guess
def valid_guess(guess):
if guess.isalpha() and 1 == len(guess):
return True
else:
user_help.set(invalid_guess)
return False
def final_guess(*args):
finalguess = inputted_value.get()
finalguess = finalguess.lower()
def initalize_loop(*args):
total_guesses = int(total_guesses_left.get())
if ((int(total_guesses > 0)) and (secret_word.get() != word)):
guess = get_letter()
valid = valid_guess(guess)
if valid == True:
if guess in guessed_letter:
invalid_input.set("You have already guessed that letter '{}'".format(guess))
elif guess in word:
invalid_input.set("That is a good guess! '{}' occurs {} time(s) in the secret word.".format(guess, countOccurences(guess, word)))
else:
invalid_input.set("'{}' does not occur in the secret word.".format(guess))
guessed_letter.append(guess)
total_guesses =-1
word_entry.delete(0, 'end')
secret_word_value.set(getHint(word, guesses))
total_guesses_left.set(total_guesses)
print(guessed_letter)
else:
if(secret_word_value.get() == word):
messagebox.showinfo(title= "Winner!", message=("Congradulations! You Correctly guessed the secret word: {}".format(word)))
root.destroy()
else:
finalguess = final_guess()
if finalguess == word:
messagebox.showinfo(frame, title="Congratulations", message= ("Congradulations! You Correctly guessed the secret word: {}".format(word)))
root.destroy()
else:
messagebox.showinfo(title= "Incorrect", message=("Sorry, the secret word was: {} ".format(word)))
root.destroy()
root = Tk()
root.title('COSC 110 Guessing Game' )
frame = ttk.Frame(root, padding = '4 4 15 15')
frame.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=(N, W, E, S))
inputted_value = StringVar()
user_help = StringVar()
total_guesses_left = StringVar()
secret_word_value = StringVar()
invalid_input = StringVar()
empty = " "
invalid_guess = "Invalid Guess. Please Enter a letter from A-Z"
word_entry= ttk.Entry(frame, width=7)
word_entry.grid(column=2, row=2, sticky=(W, E))
exit_button= ttk.Button(frame, text='Exit', command=exity)
exit_button.grid(column=1, row =7, sticky=(W))
entered_guess = ttk.Label(frame, text='Enter a Letter')
entered_guess.grid(column=1, row=2, sticky=(W, E))
secret_guess = ttk.Label(frame, textvariable=secret_word_value)
secret_guess.grid(column=2, row=1, sticky=(W, E, N, S))
guesses_label= ttk.Label(frame, text='Guesses Remaining:')
guesses_label.grid(column=1, row=3, sticky=(W, E))
total_guesses = ttk.Label(frame, relief ="sunken", textvariable= total_guesses_left)
total_guesses.grid(column=2, row=3, sticky=(W, E))
user_details = ttk.Label(frame, textvariable = user_help)
user_details.grid(column=1, row = 5, sticky=(W, E))
invalid_guesses = ttk.Label(frame, textvariable = invalid_input)
invalid_guesses.grid(column=1, row = 6, sticky =(W, E))
secret_word = ttk.Label(frame, text='Secret Word:')
secret_word.grid(column=1, row=1, sticky=(W, E))
enter_button = ttk.Button(frame, text='Enter', command = initalize_loop)
enter_button.grid(column=3, row =2, sticky=(W, E))
for child in frame.winfo_children():
child.grid_configure(padx=5, pady=5)
enter_button.focus()
enter_button.bind('<Return>', initalize_loop)
if __name__ == "__main__":
if_true = True
while if_true == True:
wordList =[]
loadWordList("Words.txt")
word = random.choice(wordList)
guessed_letter = []
total_guesses = 10
secret_word_value.set(getHint(word, guessed_letter))
total_guesses_left.set(guessed_letter)
invalid_input.set(empty)
user_help.set(empty)
root.mainloop()
if_true = messagebox.askyesno(icon="question", title= "Play Again?", message ="Would you like to play again?")
exit(0)
First you initialize the variable here:
total_guesses_left = StringVar()
Then, inside if __name__ == "__main__": you write:
guessed_letter = []
// ...
total_guesses_left.set(guessed_letter)
So our StringVar instance stored as total_guesses_left gets its value set to an empty list. As it's a StringVar, this leads to a conversion, which means that its internal value now is the string "[]".
Then in your initalize_loop, you try to do
total_guesses = int(total_guesses_left.get())
Of course total_guesses_left.get() will return a string, or more precisely it will return the string "[]".
And as int parses strings representing numbers with a specific base (by default 10), it can only handle strings consisting of alphanumeric characters, and only if they only contain characters used by the specified number base (i.e. by default those are only the characters 0123456789).
Therefore you get the exception that "[]" can not be parsed as int.
You probably want total_guesses_left to store a valid integer representation string and not one of a list.
It means at that moment your total_guesses_left.get() is giving '[]'. base 10 error arises when you try to convert a char or something other than a number which is as a string like
>>> str1='a'
>>> int(str1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'a'
>>> alist='[]'
>>> int(alist)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '[]'
I hope you understand the error. Play around a little with errors. "Trial And Error " :D
Related
I read a lot for it and I have the sentiment that there is no solution for me.
Context: user has to enter 6-digit calculation number in the entries. The 9x entries are created by a loop. I wrote the condition to detect if the user did a mistake : number which contains less or more than 6 digit or / and contains a letter. They are working, I tested them. Only 6-digit number are accepted (if 0, it's ok since it means that the user just need to get less than 9x documents).
Goal: if the user did one mistake, a message "Error in the number" at the place of the "0" has to appear right next to the concerned and "faulty" entry.
Everything will be activated through a button.
What I tried: with a list, but it doesn't work.
How can I change the Label dynamically created by the loop ?
user_entries=[]
error_list_length=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
error_list_letters=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
error_calculation_list=[0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]
nbofcalc=9
a=0
b=1
ddd=791250
#------ Function to check if the entered calculation number are composed of 6 characters (mandatory)
def check_calc_number():
global gg_error
gg=0
gg_error=0
while gg<nbofcalc:
if len(user_entries[gg].get()) != 6:
if len(user_entries[gg].get()) ==0:
gg_error+=0
error_list_length[gg]=0
else:
gg_error+=1
error_list_length[gg]=1
else:
gg_error+=0
error_list_length[gg]=0
gg+=1
#------ Function to check if the entered calculation number contains a or many letters (prohibited)
def check_calc_letter():
global hh_error
hh=0
hh_error=0
alphabet_x='a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z','A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y','Z'
for x in range(nbofcalc):
for n in user_entries[hh].get():
if n in alphabet_x:
hh_error+=1
error_list_letters[hh]=1
hh+=1
#------ Function to check with entries has an error and update the list "error_calculation_list" to try to displays the message "Error in the number" next to the concerned entries
def error_length_letters_display():
ww=0
while ww<nbofcalc:
if error_list_length[ww]==1 :
error_calculation_list[ww]="Error"
var_calculation.set(error_calculation_list[ww])
if error_list_letters[ww]==1:
error_calculation_list[ww]="Error"
var_calculation.set(error_calculation_list[ww])
ww+=1
#----- Loop to crate the entries and Label
for x in range(nbofcalc):
cadre1=Frame(fenetre)
cadre1.pack(side=TOP,anchor=NW)
cadre=Frame(cadre1)
cadre.pack()
c=str(b)
calc=Label(cadre,text="Calculation "+c+" ")
calc.pack(side=LEFT)
var_entry=StringVar()
my_entry=Entry(cadre,textvariable=var_entry, bd=5)
my_entry.insert(0,ddd)
my_entry.pack(side=LEFT)
var_calculation=StringVar()
var_calculation.set(error_calculation_list[a])
calc_error_frame=Label(cadre, textvariable=var_calculation) # The Label to change if error
calc_error_frame.pack(side=RIGHT)
user_entries.append(my_entry)
a+=1
b+=1
ddd+=1
Thank you !
You can store values and objects you need to change, so then you can change them dinamically. See this example
from tkinter import *
r = Tk()
my_entries = []
for i in range(5):
e = Label(r, text=i)
my_entries.append(e)
e.pack(side='top')
r.after(4000, lambda: my_entries[2].configure(text='Example'))
r.mainloop()
EDIT 1:As TheLizzard and Cool Cloud pointed out, it's better to avoid using time.sleep() while using tkinter. Replaced with non-blocking after()
you could setup the trace function for tk.StringVar(), when user enter any value into Entry, it will be checked. for example as shown on below user only can type decimal, and you and setup length as well.
def create_widgets(self):
self.vars = tk.StringVar()
self.vars.trace('w', partial(self.validate2, 1, 1))
# Min Voltage Validating Part
self.vars1 = tk.StringVar()
self.vars1.trace('w', partial(self.validate2, 2, 2))
# Max Voltage Validating Part
self.vars2 = tk.StringVar()
self.vars2.trace('w', partial(self.validate2, 3, 4))
# Current Validating Part
self.vars3 = tk.StringVar()
self.vars3.trace('w', partial(self.validate2, 4, 3))
# Channel Validating Part
# function( key, size)
self.enter_info = tk.Label(self, text="Please enter your information: ", bg="lightgrey")
self.enter_info.grid(tke_Table_EnterInfo)
self.voltage = tk.Label(self)
self.voltage["text"] = "MinVoltage"
self.voltage.grid(tke_Label_MinVoltage)
self.voltageInput = tk.Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=self.vars).grid(tke_StringBox_MinVoltage)
self.vars.set(0)
# Min Voltage Validating Part
self.current = tk.Label(self)
self.current["text"] = "MaxVoltage"
self.current.grid(tke_Label_MaxVoltage)
self.currentInput = tk.Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=self.vars1).grid(tke_StringBox_MaxVoltage)
self.vars1.set(5)
# Max Voltage Validating Part
self.power = tk.Label(self)
self.power["text"] = "Current"
self.power.grid(tke_Label_MaxCurrent)
self.powerInput = tk.Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=self.vars2).grid(tke_StringBox_MaxCurrent)
self.vars2.set(62.5)
# Max Current Validating Part
self.channel = tk.Label(self)
self.channel["text"] = "channel"
self.channel.grid(tke_Label_Channel)
self.channelInput = tk.Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=self.vars3).grid(tke_StringBox_Channel)
self.vars3.set(8)
# Max Channel Validating Part
def validate2(self, key, size, *args):
# TODO:add more information
if key == 1:
value = self.vars.get()
elif key == 2:
value = self.vars1.get()
elif key == 3:
value = self.vars2.get()
else:
value = self.vars3.get()
if not value.isdecimal():
print(len(value))
# if len(value) < 2:
corrected = ''.join(filter(str.isdecimal, value))
if key == 1:
self.vars.set(corrected)
elif key == 2:
self.vars1.set(corrected)
elif key == 3:
self.vars2.set(corrected)
else:
self.vars3.set(corrected)
if key == 1:
corrected = self.vars.get()
corrected = corrected[0:size]
self.vars.set(corrected)
elif key == 2:
corrected = self.vars1.get()
corrected = corrected[0:size]
self.vars1.set(corrected)
elif key == 3:
corrected = self.vars2.get()
corrected = corrected[0:size]
self.vars2.set(corrected)
else:
corrected = self.vars3.get()
corrected = corrected[0:size]
self.vars3.set(corrected)
Here is my code. I want my variable "a" to hold a default value 0 whenever the user has not given any particular value. I have given my code below:
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
def sample():
a= show_values1()
v= int(a)+10
print (v)
def show_values1(event=None):
global a
a= i1.get()
print(a)
if int(a) > ul or int(a) < ll :
print('Limit Exceed')
messagebox.showerror("Error", "Please enter values from -100 to 100")
else :
return a
root= Tk()
ul= 100
ll=-100
i1 = inputBox = Entry()
i1.place(x=70, y=48, height=20)
bu1=Button(text='Enter', command = show_values1)
bu1.place(x = 70, y = 28, width=40, height=20)
bu2=Button(text='SEND', command = sample)
bu2.bind('<Return>', lambda x: show_values1(event=None))
bu2.place(x = 70, y = 98, width=40, height=20)
root.mainloop()
If no value has been entered, i1.get() will have a value of empty string "", so you could just test for that inside showvalues1:
if a == "":
return 0
As li.get() returns a string. Nothing entered will be a string of zero length. You can test for that and then set a to zero. For axample, after your a = i1.get() statement, insert:
if len(a) == 0:
a = "0"
Maybe you also need to handle cases where get() returns values that are not able to be cast to type int. :-)
When trying to run my code, I am presented with a TypeError.
It states: TypeError:'in'requires string as left operand, not method.
I am not sure what this means exactly, or how to fix it.
The code the error is created in is:
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
def saveCustomer() :
ClientID = ClientIDVar.get()
ClientID = ClientID.ljust(50)
Surname = SurnameVar.get()
Surname = Surname.ljust(50)
Forename = ForenameVar.get()
Forename = Forename.ljust(50)
Age = AgeVar.get()
Age = Age.ljust(50)
Gender = GenderVar.get()
Gender = Gender.ljust(50)
#lengthcheck
ClientID = ClientIDVar.get()
if len(ClientID) > 5 :
messagebox.showerror("Error","Too many characters in ClientID")
return
Surname = SurnameVar.get()
if len(Surname) > 20 :
messagebox.showerror("Error","Too many characters in Surname")
return
Forename = ForenameVar.get()
if len(Forename) > 15 :
messagebox.showerror("Error","Too many characters in Forename")
return
Age = AgeVar.get()
if len(Age) > 2 :
messagebox.showerror("Error","Too many characters in Age")
return
Gender = GenderVar.get()
if len(Gender) > 2 :
messagebox.showerror("Error","Too many characters in Gender")
return
#presencecheck
if ClientID == "":
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter characters into ClientID")
return
if Surname == "":
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter characters into Surname")
return
if Forename == "":
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter characters into Forename")
return
if Age == "":
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter characters into Age")
return
if Gender == "":
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter characters into Gender")
return
#rangecheck
if (int(Age) < 18) or (int(Age) > 99):
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter an age between 18 and 99")
return
#typecheck
if not ClientID.isnumeric():
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter alphabetical characters and numerical values into ClientID")
return
if not Surname.isalpha():
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter alphabetical characters into Surname")
return
if not Forename.isalpha():
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter alphabetical characters into Forename")
return
if not Age.isnumeric():
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter numerical values into Age")
return
if not Gender.isalpha():
messagebox.showerror("Error","Please enter alphabetical characters and numerical values into Gender")
return
#open the file to append - if it's not there it'll be created
fileObject = open("Customers.txt","a")
# write to the file with a newline character at the end
fileObject.write(ClientID + Surname + Forename + Age + Gender + "\n")
fileObject.close()
return
def searchCustomer() :
Found = "N"
ClientID = ClientIDVar.get
# try opening the file for reading
try:
fileObject=open("Customers.txt","r")
# if it's not there then say
except IOError:
messagebox.showerror("Error","No file to read")
# if we did open it then let's carry on!
else:
while True:
recordVar=fileObject.readline()
# Python keeps reading till EOF then returns a blank
if recordVar=="":
fileObject.close()
break
if ClientID in recordVar[0:50] and not ClientID=="" :
Found = "T"
messagebox.showinfo("Information",str(RecordVar))
break
if Found == "F":
messagebox.showerror("Error","No Customer found.")
return
def makeWindow():
#declared my globals here as this is the 1st routine called
# the other routines have to be in front of this one as they get called by it
# and the parser would get upset if they weren't there
global ClientIDVar, SurnameVar, ForenameVar, AgeVar, GenderVar
#here's my window
win = Tk()
win.wm_title("FitnessCentre")
#split into two sections then further split into a grid
frame1=Frame(win)
frame1.pack()
Label(frame1, text="Fitness Leisure Centre", font=("Helvetica 12 bold")).grid(row=0, column=0)
Label(frame1, text="ClientID").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
ClientIDVar=StringVar()
title= Entry(frame1, textvariable=ClientIDVar)
title.grid(row=1,column=1,sticky=W)
Label(frame1, text="Surname").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=W)
SurnameVar=StringVar()
genre= Entry(frame1, textvariable=SurnameVar)
genre.grid(row=2,column=1,sticky=W)
Label(frame1, text="Forename").grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=W)
ForenameVar=StringVar()
director= Entry(frame1, textvariable=ForenameVar)
director.grid(row=3,column=1,sticky=W)
Label(frame1, text="Age").grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=W)
AgeVar=StringVar()
leadactor= Entry(frame1, textvariable=AgeVar)
leadactor.grid(row=4,column=1,sticky=W)
Label(frame1, text="Gender").grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=W)
GenderVar=StringVar()
duration= Entry(frame1, textvariable=GenderVar)
duration.grid(row=5,column=1,sticky=W)
frame2 = Frame(win)
frame2.pack()
# build my buttons in the other frame then pack them side by side
b1= Button(frame2, text=" Save ", command=saveCustomer)
b2= Button(frame2, text=" Search ", command=searchCustomer)
b1.pack(side=LEFT); b2.pack(side=LEFT)
return win
#main program!
win = makeWindow()
win.mainloop()
The complete error message I received was:
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
if ClientID in recordVar[0:50] and not ClientID=="" :
TypeError: 'in <string>' requires string as left operand, not method
Quoting from question:
TypeError: 'in' requires string as left operand, not method.
So somewhere you are using the in operator with a method on the left, not a string as expected. Had you posted the entire error/stack trace (as you should have done) we might have seen which line is causing the error. With a quick scan of your code I'd guess the error is here:
ClientID = ClientIDVar.get
Presumably you wanted to return the value of the ClientIDVar, not its get method (which is what you got). So it's a simple fix -- call the function properly:
ClientID = ClientIDVar.get()
You can't use an method to test an in comparison, you have to compare with a string:
if ClientID in recordVar[0:50] and not ClientID=="" :
The error that you get are clearly explaining this to you:
TypeError. It states: TypeError:'in'requires string as left operand, not method.
I'm sure I'm missing something laughably obvious, but I've been staring at this for 20 minutes and I have no idea what it is.
class GUI:
def __init__(self):
# creating frame and window
self.winMain = tk.Tk()
self.topFrame = tk.Frame(self.winMain)
self.midFrame = tk.Frame(self.winMain)
self.botFrame = tk.Frame(self.winMain)
# creating labels
self.wordLabel = tk.Label(self.topFrame,text="Word to unscramble",width=18)
self.wordLabel.pack(side="left")
# scrambled word
self.scrambledWord = tk.StringVar()
# open file of scrambled words
dictList = open('dict.txt', 'r')
words = [] # empty list to fill with words
for line in dictList:
words.append(line)
word = random.choice(words)
print(word)
word = ''.join(random.sample(word, len(word)))
self.scrambledWord.set(word)
# label of scrambled word
self.ScWd = tk.Label(self.topFrame, textvariable=self.scrambledWord, width=len(word))
self.ScWd.pack(side="right")
# entry label
self.guessIn = tk.Label(self.midFrame,text="Your guess:", width=15)
self.guessIn.pack(side="left")
# input box
self.guess = tk.Entry(self.midFrame, width=15)
self.guess.pack(side="right")
# guess button
self.guessButton = tk.Button(self.botFrame,text="Guess",command=self.guess)
self.guessButton.pack(side="left")
# status variable
self.stat = tk.StringVar()
# status label
self.status = tk.Label(self.botFrame, textvariable=self.stat,width=10)
self.status.pack(side="right")
self.topFrame.pack(side="top")
self.midFrame.pack()
self.botFrame.pack()
tk.mainloop()
def guess(self):
correct = False
userGuess = self.guess.get()
self.stat.set(userGuess)
if userGuess == self.scrambledWord:
self.stat.set("correct")
correct = True
print(correct)
Sorry for posting the entire thing, but I have no idea where the problem lies. any help is much appreciated.
Hello :) In the typing practice program I am creating in python 3, I have a for...loop that takes the characters from a global list of a certain paragraphs characters and compares it to the character the user is typing.
For some reason, the for loop wont iterate and won't go on to the next character. After some research, I figured out that you have to use local variables in order to do this but that doesn't work either. Here is my code:
import random
from tkinter import *
root=Tk()
a_var = StringVar()
words = []
eachword = []
global eachchar
charlist = []
x=random.randint(0,10)
def typingpractice():
realcharlist = []
something = []
paralist = []
#x=random.randint(0,10)
file = open("groupproject.txt")
line = file.readline()
paraWords = []
for line in file:
newline = line.replace("\n","")
paralist.append(line.replace("\n", ""))
paraWords.append(newline.split(" "))
wordList = []
for c in paraWords[x]:
charlist.append(c)
for b in range(0,len(charlist)):
wordList.append(charlist[b])
#print (wordList)
for p in charlist[b]:
realcharlist.append(p)
#print(realcharlist)
a=Canvas(root, width=500, height=500)
a.pack()
a.create_text(250,50, text = "Typing Fun", width = 500, font = "Verdana", fill = "purple")
a.create_text(250,300, text = paralist[x], width = 500, font = "Times", fill = "purple")
a = Entry(root, width = 100)
a.pack()
a.focus_set()
a["textvariable"] = a_var
def compare(s, realcharlist):
for g in realcharlist:
print ("s:",s)
print ("g:",g)
if s == g:
print ("y")
a['fg'] = 'green'
break
else:
print ("n")
a['fg'] = 'red'
break
def callback(*args):
global s
# print ("b:",xcount)
s = a.get()
s = s[-1:]
compare(s, realcharlist)
a_var.trace_variable("w", callback) #CALL WHEN VARIABLE IS WRITTEN
def practicetest():
print ("nothing here yet")
b = Button(root, text="Start Practice", command=typingpractice)
b.pack()
d = Button(root, text="Test", command=practicetest)
d.pack()
root.mainloop()
The text file "groupproject.txt" is an external text file that contains 10 one-line paragraphs, each character of each paragraph is being compared to what the user is typing in.
Any help on how to make the for loop work would be greatly appreciated. Thanks :D
Basically what happened was there was a break in the for loop so it would always iterate itself starting from 0 again.