Printing input from user - python

It doesn't want to print out the list entered by the user. I think the problem is in list= []
from HeapClass import Heap
def minHeap(list):
heap = Heap() #
lst = eval(input("Enter list of numbers: "))
for v in lst:
heap.add(v)
for i in range(len(list)):
list[len(list) - 1 - i] = heap.remove()
def main():
list = [] This think the problem is here because it doesn't return a list but when I write list = lst... It does not work either
minHeap(list)
for v in list:
print(str(v)+ " ", end = " ")
main()

You're using list as a variable name. Rename it to something else here def minHeap(list):, here def main(): list = [] and everywhere else. You don't need it.
Also, you don't need the evil eval() :)
If you want user input of the format "1,2,3" (comma-separated numbers) to be cast to a list of integers, you could instead do:
lst = list(input("Enter list of numbers: ")) in python2.7
or
lst = [int(x) for x in input("Enter list of numbers: ").split(",")] in python3.
To see why using list as a variable name is bad/confusing, try the following:
Type list((1,2,3)) in your interpreter. It should transform the tuple (1,2,3) to a list and return [1, 2, 3]. All is well.
Now try typing list = [] and repeat list((1,2,3)).
You should now get an error saying TypeError: 'list' object is not callable and you won't be able to cast anything to list again; it effectively overrides the datatype so what used to be <type 'type'> is now a single list of <type 'list'>. Overriding built-in stuff gets weird; best to avoid it unless you're intentionally doing meta-programming.

Related

Python Zipfile read file and output each line instead of text block? [duplicate]

I would like to know if there is a better way to print all objects in a Python list than this :
myList = [Person("Foo"), Person("Bar")]
print("\n".join(map(str, myList)))
Foo
Bar
I read this way is not really good :
myList = [Person("Foo"), Person("Bar")]
for p in myList:
print(p)
Isn't there something like :
print(p) for p in myList
If not, my question is... why ? If we can do this kind of stuff with comprehensive lists, why not as a simple statement outside a list ?
Assuming you are using Python 3.x:
print(*myList, sep='\n')
You can get the same behavior on Python 2.x using from __future__ import print_function, as noted by mgilson in comments.
With the print statement on Python 2.x you will need iteration of some kind, regarding your question about print(p) for p in myList not working, you can just use the following which does the same thing and is still one line:
for p in myList: print p
For a solution that uses '\n'.join(), I prefer list comprehensions and generators over map() so I would probably use the following:
print '\n'.join(str(p) for p in myList)
I use this all the time :
#!/usr/bin/python
l = [1,2,3,7]
print "".join([str(x) for x in l])
[print(a) for a in list] will give a bunch of None types at the end though it prints out all the items
For Python 2.*:
If you overload the function __str__() for your Person class, you can omit the part with map(str, ...). Another way for this is creating a function, just like you wrote:
def write_list(lst):
for item in lst:
print str(item)
...
write_list(MyList)
There is in Python 3.* the argument sep for the print() function. Take a look at documentation.
Expanding #lucasg's answer (inspired by the comment it received):
To get a formatted list output, you can do something along these lines:
l = [1,2,5]
print ", ".join('%02d'%x for x in l)
01, 02, 05
Now the ", " provides the separator (only between items, not at the end) and the formatting string '02d'combined with %x gives a formatted string for each item x - in this case, formatted as an integer with two digits, left-filled with zeros.
To display each content, I use:
mylist = ['foo', 'bar']
indexval = 0
for i in range(len(mylist)):
print(mylist[indexval])
indexval += 1
Example of using in a function:
def showAll(listname, startat):
indexval = startat
try:
for i in range(len(mylist)):
print(mylist[indexval])
indexval = indexval + 1
except IndexError:
print('That index value you gave is out of range.')
Hope I helped.
I think this is the most convenient if you just want to see the content in the list:
myList = ['foo', 'bar']
print('myList is %s' % str(myList))
Simple, easy to read and can be used together with format string.
I recently made a password generator and although I'm VERY NEW to python, I whipped this up as a way to display all items in a list (with small edits to fit your needs...
x = 0
up = 0
passwordText = ""
password = []
userInput = int(input("Enter how many characters you want your password to be: "))
print("\n\n\n") # spacing
while x <= (userInput - 1): #loops as many times as the user inputs above
password.extend([choice(groups.characters)]) #adds random character from groups file that has all lower/uppercase letters and all numbers
x = x+1 #adds 1 to x w/o using x ++1 as I get many errors w/ that
passwordText = passwordText + password[up]
up = up+1 # same as x increase
print(passwordText)
Like I said, IM VERY NEW to Python and I'm sure this is way to clunky for a expert, but I'm just here for another example
Assuming you are fine with your list being printed [1,2,3], then an easy way in Python3 is:
mylist=[1,2,3,'lorem','ipsum','dolor','sit','amet']
print(f"There are {len(mylist):d} items in this lorem list: {str(mylist):s}")
Running this produces the following output:
There are 8 items in this lorem list: [1, 2, 3, 'lorem', 'ipsum',
'dolor', 'sit', 'amet']
OP's question is: does something like following exists, if not then why
print(p) for p in myList # doesn't work, OP's intuition
answer is, it does exist which is:
[p for p in myList] #works perfectly
Basically, use [] for list comprehension and get rid of print to avoiding printing None. To see why print prints None see this
To print each element of a given list using a single line code
for i in result: print(i)
You can also make use of the len() function and identify the length of the list to print the elements as shown in the below example:
sample_list = ['Python', 'is', 'Easy']
for i in range(0, len(sample_list)):
print(sample_list[i])
Reference : https://favtutor.com/blogs/print-list-python
you can try doing this: this will also print it as a string
print(''.join([p for p in myList]))
or if you want to a make it print a newline every time it prints something
print(''.join([p+'\n' for p in myList]))

Changing a value in a dictionary from another file

Currently I'm testing something in python and trying to figure out if I can change a value in another file. Currently I have this written down :
from items import items
def changingitemamount(name, value):
print(items[name][6])
items[name][6] = items[name][6] + int(value)
print(items[name][6])
def changingitemamounttext():
name = input("What do you want to change?")
value = input("How much do you want to add?")
changingitemamount(name,value)
But whenever I run it and go to add the value i get this error.
items[name][6] = items[name][6] + int(value)
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
A tuple is immutable please convert them into a list and do your operations and then you can revert them back to tuples.
Like :
x = (4,5)
listNumbers = list(x)
print(listNumbers)
y = tuple(listNumbers)
print(x)
Hope this helps.

Pass arguments to Print [duplicate]

I would like to know if there is a better way to print all objects in a Python list than this :
myList = [Person("Foo"), Person("Bar")]
print("\n".join(map(str, myList)))
Foo
Bar
I read this way is not really good :
myList = [Person("Foo"), Person("Bar")]
for p in myList:
print(p)
Isn't there something like :
print(p) for p in myList
If not, my question is... why ? If we can do this kind of stuff with comprehensive lists, why not as a simple statement outside a list ?
Assuming you are using Python 3.x:
print(*myList, sep='\n')
You can get the same behavior on Python 2.x using from __future__ import print_function, as noted by mgilson in comments.
With the print statement on Python 2.x you will need iteration of some kind, regarding your question about print(p) for p in myList not working, you can just use the following which does the same thing and is still one line:
for p in myList: print p
For a solution that uses '\n'.join(), I prefer list comprehensions and generators over map() so I would probably use the following:
print '\n'.join(str(p) for p in myList)
I use this all the time :
#!/usr/bin/python
l = [1,2,3,7]
print "".join([str(x) for x in l])
[print(a) for a in list] will give a bunch of None types at the end though it prints out all the items
For Python 2.*:
If you overload the function __str__() for your Person class, you can omit the part with map(str, ...). Another way for this is creating a function, just like you wrote:
def write_list(lst):
for item in lst:
print str(item)
...
write_list(MyList)
There is in Python 3.* the argument sep for the print() function. Take a look at documentation.
Expanding #lucasg's answer (inspired by the comment it received):
To get a formatted list output, you can do something along these lines:
l = [1,2,5]
print ", ".join('%02d'%x for x in l)
01, 02, 05
Now the ", " provides the separator (only between items, not at the end) and the formatting string '02d'combined with %x gives a formatted string for each item x - in this case, formatted as an integer with two digits, left-filled with zeros.
To display each content, I use:
mylist = ['foo', 'bar']
indexval = 0
for i in range(len(mylist)):
print(mylist[indexval])
indexval += 1
Example of using in a function:
def showAll(listname, startat):
indexval = startat
try:
for i in range(len(mylist)):
print(mylist[indexval])
indexval = indexval + 1
except IndexError:
print('That index value you gave is out of range.')
Hope I helped.
I think this is the most convenient if you just want to see the content in the list:
myList = ['foo', 'bar']
print('myList is %s' % str(myList))
Simple, easy to read and can be used together with format string.
I recently made a password generator and although I'm VERY NEW to python, I whipped this up as a way to display all items in a list (with small edits to fit your needs...
x = 0
up = 0
passwordText = ""
password = []
userInput = int(input("Enter how many characters you want your password to be: "))
print("\n\n\n") # spacing
while x <= (userInput - 1): #loops as many times as the user inputs above
password.extend([choice(groups.characters)]) #adds random character from groups file that has all lower/uppercase letters and all numbers
x = x+1 #adds 1 to x w/o using x ++1 as I get many errors w/ that
passwordText = passwordText + password[up]
up = up+1 # same as x increase
print(passwordText)
Like I said, IM VERY NEW to Python and I'm sure this is way to clunky for a expert, but I'm just here for another example
Assuming you are fine with your list being printed [1,2,3], then an easy way in Python3 is:
mylist=[1,2,3,'lorem','ipsum','dolor','sit','amet']
print(f"There are {len(mylist):d} items in this lorem list: {str(mylist):s}")
Running this produces the following output:
There are 8 items in this lorem list: [1, 2, 3, 'lorem', 'ipsum',
'dolor', 'sit', 'amet']
OP's question is: does something like following exists, if not then why
print(p) for p in myList # doesn't work, OP's intuition
answer is, it does exist which is:
[p for p in myList] #works perfectly
Basically, use [] for list comprehension and get rid of print to avoiding printing None. To see why print prints None see this
To print each element of a given list using a single line code
for i in result: print(i)
You can also make use of the len() function and identify the length of the list to print the elements as shown in the below example:
sample_list = ['Python', 'is', 'Easy']
for i in range(0, len(sample_list)):
print(sample_list[i])
Reference : https://favtutor.com/blogs/print-list-python
you can try doing this: this will also print it as a string
print(''.join([p for p in myList]))
or if you want to a make it print a newline every time it prints something
print(''.join([p+'\n' for p in myList]))

add number to all elements of a list within a class?

so I have a class with a list, and I would like to add a number to all the elements of that list, but not to every list in the class. I tried this:
class class_name:
def __init__(self,list_name,other_list):
self.list_name = list_name
self.other_list = other_list
list1 = [1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0]
list2 = [4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0]
data = [0]*len(list1)
for i,(l1,l2) in enumerate(zip(list1,list2)):
data[i] = class_name(l1,l2)
[(x + 5.0).list_name for x in data]
and it gives me the error:
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'instance' and 'float'
edit: people seem to not understand what I want. In the real code I have, the lists have been added to a class (in this case data) which I've been working with, but one of the lists in the class (specifically referring to magnitudes) needs to be calibrated. I do this by adding a number to every element in that list to calibrate it. This has to be done to the list connected to the class it's in, so I can't edit the list before putting it into the class.
I already have this class created much earlier in my code, and I needed it to be the way it was before so that I could work with all the elements. Now, later in the code, I want to calibrate this magnitude list within the class. Is there a way to do that?
maybe this attempt better illustrates what I'm trying to do:
[x.list_name for x in data] = [x.list_name+5 for x in data]
this also doesn't work, I get this error:
SyntaxError: can't assign to list comprehension
I just feel like it makes people understand what I need.
Check out the Map function for python.
https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/datastructures.html#functional-programming-tools
class class_name:
def __init__(self,list_name,other_list):
self.list_name = list_name
self.other_list = other_list
list1 = [1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0]
list2 = [4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0]
def add_five(x): return x+5
list1 = map(add_five, list1)
#or instead you can use a lambda
list1 = map(lambda x: x+5 , list1)
EDIT: maybe try this.
for class_name in class_names:
class_name.list_name = map(lambda x: x+5 , class_name.list_name)
If you want to increment one of two lists stored as a list of pairs, this should work:
[x.list_name+5.0 for x in class_names]
x isn't a number, it's the class_name object. You want to retrieve the thing you want to increment from x (x.list_name) and then add 5.0.
You are adding the value to the instance first then accessing the attribute.
class class_name:
def __init__(self,list_name,other_list):
self.list_name = list_name
self.other_list = other_list
list1 = [1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0]
list2 = [4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0]
class_names = [0]*len(list1)
for i,(l1,l2) in enumerate(zip(list1,list2)):
class_names[i] = class_name(l1,l2)
print [x.list_name+5.0 for x in class_names]
I am not sure what you mean, but I have created a simple example:
class class_name(object):
def __init__(self,list_name,other_list):
self.list_name = list_name
self.other_list = other_list
self.list1 = []
self.list2 = []
self.list1.append(self.list_name)
self.list2.append(self.other_list)
print "My List1: ", self.list1
print "My List2: ", self.list2
def input_data():
list_one = raw_input("Data for list 1: ")
list_two = raw_input("Data for list 2: ")
class_name(list_one, list_two)
if __name__ == '__main__':
input_data()
Is that what you want to?

Can't figure out this filter() recursion error

The problem is I have to write a program which takes in a list of words and an integer and returns the words whose length is longer than that integer. I have to use filter() only.
This is what I wrote :
def filter(list,integer):
largenum = list(filter(lambda x: len(x) > integer, list ))
return largenum
inp = input("Enter the words: ").split()
intr = input("Enter the integer: ").split()
print (filter(inp,intr))
When I run this and give the inputs, it gives an error:
Runtime error: Maximum recursion depth exceeded.
What am I doing wrong?
edit: I got it. Such a silly mistake(s) XD.
1.) I changed filter(list,integet) to filterthis(string,integer)
2.) intr = input("Enter the integer: ").split() to intr = int(input("Enter the integer: ")
You are passing integer as list.So use integer[0].Then input returns str.So use int(integer[0]).
Then you are using filter as your function name.So this will override the builtin function filter.Also you are passing your list as variable list.It will also override the builtin callable list.You can try this
def myfilter(mylist,integer):
largenum = list(filter(lambda x: len(x) > int(integer[0]), mylist ))
return largenum
inp = input("Enter the words: ").split()
intr = input("Enter the integer: ").split()
>>>print(myfilter(inp,intr))
You have written filter function which calls itself without a base case.
Rename your filter function.
In [8]: def my_filter(l, i):
...: largenum = filter(lambda x: len(x)> i, l) # if python3, use list(filter)
...: return largenum
...:
In [9]: inp = ["LOL", "DA", "YAYASTRING"]
In [10]: intr = 2
In [11]: my_filter(inp, intr)
Out[11]: ['LOL', 'YAYASTRING']
Your version of filter will shadow the python built-in which has the same name. So when you make a call to it from inside your filter, it's not really to the built-in you are intending to call, but to your function itself. Since there is no stopping rule for the recursion, it ends up exceeding permissible stack depth.
Same goes for list. The function argument with the same name will shadow the builtin python list container.
Also, you'll need to cast the second argument to int before passing it to the function.
For code:
def fil(lst, integer):
return filter(lambda x: len(x) > integer, lst)
>>> fil(['Hello', 'how', 'are', 'you', 'doin'], 3)
['Hello', 'doin']

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