Plotting random point on Function - Pandas - python

I want to graph a function 2D or 3D
for example a f(x) = sin(x)
Then randomly plot a certain amount of points
I am using IPython and I think this might be possible using Pandas

You can use np.random.uniform to generate a few random points along x-axis and calculate corresponding f(x) values.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# generate 20 points from uniform (-3,3)
x = np.random.uniform(-3, 3, size=20)
y = np.sin(x)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.scatter(x,y)

You should post example code so people can demonstrate it more easily.
(numpy.random.random(10)*x_scale)**2
Generate an array of random numbers between 0 and 1, scale as appropriate (so for (-10,0);
10*numpy.random.random(100) -10
then pass this to any function that can calculate the value of f(x) for each element of the array.
Use shape() if you need to play around with layout of the array.

If you want to use Pandas...
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x=linspace(0,8)
y=sin(x)
DF=pd.DataFrame({'x':x,'y':y})
plot values:
DF.plot(x='x',y='y')
make a random index:
RandIndex=randint(0,len(DF),size=20)
use it to select from original DF and plot:
DF.iloc[RandIndex].plot(x='x',y='y',kind='scatter',s=120,ax=plt.gca())

Related

pandas bar chart y-axis min max range in floating number

I have a graph like this. I want to build it using python matplotlib.pyplot. However I get the graph like this.
How can I change the range of y-axis? instead of 0 to 13, I want it to range from min_value-1 to max_value+1 in floating values.
Something like this?
Just a simple example.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
array = np.array([110,200,300])
ax = plt.gca()
minimum = array.min()-10
maximum = array.max()+10
ax.set_ylim([minimum,maximum])
plt.bar(range(len(array)), array)

Tracing functions in python

I was searching about how to trace function graphs, but not only linear ones, I know how to plot with simple points, they are the linear ones like this one below:
import numpy
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
%matplotlib inline
_=plt.plot([4,7],[5,7],color ='w')
_=plt.plot([4,7],[7,7],color ='w')
ax = plt.gca()
ax.set_facecolor('xkcd:red')
plt.show()
then after a bit of searching, I've found this code:
import pylab
import numpy
x = numpy.linspace(-15,15,100) # 100 linearly spaced numbers
y = numpy.sin(x)/x # computing the values of sin(x)/x
# compose plot
pylab.plot(x,y) # sin(x)/x
pylab.plot(x,y,'co') # same function with cyan dots
pylab.plot(x,2*y,x,3*y) # 2*sin(x)/x and 3*sin(x)/x
pylab.show() # show the plot
That works perfectly! But what I'm wondering is: do we really need to use standard functions that have defined by Numpy?( like sin(x)/x here ) Or can we define a function ourselves and use it in Numpy function too, like x**3?
This solved issue, Thanks FlyingTeller
An example of y=x**3 graph:
import pylab
import numpy
x = numpy.linspace(-15,15,100) # 100 linearly spaced numbers
y = x**3 # we change this to tracer graphs as we want
# compose plot
pylab.plot(x,y)
pylab.show()

Python matplotlib: how to let matrixplot have variable column widths

I have a simple need but cannot find its simple solution. I have a matrix to plot, but I wish the row/columns to have given widths.
Something looking like a blocked matrix where you tell block sizes.
Any workaround with the same visual result is accepted.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
samplemat = np.random.rand(3,3)
widths = np.array([.7, .2, .1])
# Display matrix
plt.matshow(samplemat)
plt.show()
matshow or imshow work with equal sized cells. They hence cannot be used here. Instead you may use pcolor or pcolormesh. This would require to supply the coordinates of the cell edges.
Hence you first need to calculate those from the given width. Assuming you want them to start at 0, you may just sum them up.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np; np.random.seed(43)
samplemat = np.random.rand(3,3)
widths = np.array([.7, .2, .1])
coords = np.cumsum(np.append([0], widths))
X,Y = np.meshgrid(coords,coords)
# Display matrix
plt.pcolormesh(X,Y,samplemat)
plt.show()

Custom scale from simple list or dict?

I need to make a custom scale for an axis. Before diving into http://matplotlib.org/examples/api/custom_scale_example.html, I'm wondering if there is an easier way for my special case.
A picture is worth a thousand words, so here we go:
See the value in each row next to the filename ? I would like the row height to be relative to the difference between it and the previous one. I'd start from 0 and would have to define a top limit so I see the last row.
Try matplotlib's pcolormesh with which you can create irregularly shaped grids.
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
y1D = np.hstack([0, np.random.random(9)])
y1D = np.sort(y1D)/np.max(y1D)
x, y = np.meshgrid(np.arange(0,1.1,0.1),y1D)
plt.pcolormesh(x,y, np.random.random((10,10)))
plt.show()
You can use this recipe and adapt to your needs:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
grid = np.zeros((20,20))
for i in range(grid.shape[0]):
r = np.random.randint(1,19)
grid[i,:r] = np.random.randint(10,30,size=(r,))
plt.imshow(grid,origin='lower',cmap='Reds',interpolation='nearest')
plt.yticks(list(range(20)),['File '+str(i) for i in range(20)])
plt.colorbar()
plt.show()
, the result is this:

Plot quartiles of data series in a matplotlib chart

I would like to illustrate the quartiles of a distribution sample with matplotlib. It is probably best explained by an example:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import random
x = sorted([random.randrange(0,n) for n in range(1,1000)])
median_y = np.median(x)
median_x = x.index(median)
plt.plot(x)
plt.plot((median_x,median_x), (0,median_y),'k:')
plt.plot((0,median_x), (median_y,median_y),'k:')
Do you see a more convenient way to add quartiles 1,2 (median), and 3 than my clumsy solution? I could not find any command to plot a point with helper lines like this. And how could I add numbers to the points or axes?

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