Drawing nested networkx graphs - python

I would like to know if there is a way to draw nested networkx graphs in python.
I can successfully draw these graphs using the nx.draw_(...) method call as described in the networkx docs, but the case I'm using it for requires that one of the nodes itself is a graph (Imagine a network of rooms, at the top level with a network of areas/zones within those rooms at the next level down). I would like to show this using matplotlib or similar.
Any ideas would be appreciated.

Edit
You can probably do better than my original answer by defining a recursive function. Here is a rough outline of how that recursive function would look. My answer below gives a less elegant approach that can be easily tuned for a specific case, but if you're ever doing this frequently, you'll probably want this recursive version.
def recursive_draw(G,currentscalefactor=0.1,center_loc=(0,0),nodesize=300, shrink=0.1):
pos = nx.spring_layout(G)
scale(pos,currentscalefactor) #rescale distances to be smaller
shift(pos,center_loc) #you'll have to write your own code to shift all positions to be centered at center_loc
nx.draw(G,pos=pos, nodesize=nodesize)
for node in G.nodes_iter():
if type(node)==Graph: # or diGraph etc...
recursive_draw(node,currentscalefactor=shrink*currentscalefactor,center_loc=pos[node], nodesize = nodesize*shrink, shrink=shrink)
If anyone creates the recursive function, please add it as a separate answer, and give me a comment. I'll point to it from this answer.
Original answer
Here's a first pass (I'll hopefully edit to a complete answer by end of day, but I think this will get you most of the way there):
import networkx as nx
import pylab as py
G = nx.Graph()
H = nx.Graph()
H.add_edges_from([(1,2), (2,3), (1,3)])
I = nx.Graph()
I.add_edges_from([(1,3), (3,2)])
G.add_edge(H,I)
Gpos = nx.spring_layout(G)
Hpos = nx.spring_layout(H)
Ipos = nx.spring_layout(I)
scalefactor = 0.1
for node in H.nodes():
Hpos[node] = Hpos[node]*scalefactor + Gpos[H]
for node in I.nodes():
Ipos[node] = Ipos[node]*scalefactor + Gpos[I]
nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos = Gpos)
nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos = Gpos, node_color = 'b', node_size = 15000, alpha = 0.5)
nx.draw(H, pos = Hpos, with_labels = True)
nx.draw(I, pos = Ipos, with_labels = True)
py.savefig('tmp.png')
The main additional thing I think you should do is to center each subnode. This would require identifying xmin, xmax, ymin, and ymax for each subplot and adjusting. You may also want to play with the scalefactor.

Related

How to display graph in Pyvis more clearly?

I want to visualize a graph in Pyvis which its nodes has labels. I am completely able to visualize it in Pyvis but my problem is about the ways of visualizing it. The graph displayed in Pyvis is not clear and edges are messed up. Is there any way to visualize the graph more clear?
The image below shows the graph.
For example in the graph, node 15 is displayed well. I want other nodes to be displayed in a clear way that the connections can be displayed more clearly
Update:
This is the code i use for drawing graph using Pyvis:
def showGraph(FileName, labelList):
Txtfile = open("./results.txt")
G = nx.read_weighted_edgelist(Txtfile)
Txtfile.close()
palette = (sns.color_palette("Pastel1", n_colors=len(set(labelList.values()))))
palette = palette.as_hex()
colorDict = {}
counter = 0
for i in palette:
colorDict[counter] = i
counter += 1
N = Network(height='100%', width='100%', directed=False, notebook=False)
for n in G.nodes:
N.add_node(n, color=(colorDict[labelList[n]]), size=5)
for e in G.edges.data():
N.add_edge(e[0], e[1], title=str(e[2]), value=e[2]['weight'])
N.show('result.html')
results.txt is my edge list file and labelList holds label of each node. Labels are numerical. For example label of node 48 is 5, it can be anything. I use labels to give different colors to nodes.
The NetworkX circular layouts tend to make individual nodes and the connections between them easier to see, so you could try that as long as you don't want nodes to move (without dragging) after you've drawn them.
Before creating your pyvis network, run the following on your NetworkX graph to create a dictionary that will be keyed by node and have (x, y) positions as values. You might need to mess around with the scale parameter a bit to see what works best for you.
pos = nx.circular_layout(G, scale = 1000)
You can then add x and y values from pos to your pyvis network when you add each node. Adding physics = False keeps the nodes in one place unless you click and drag them around.
for n in G.nodes:
N.add_node(n,
color=(colorDict[labelList[n]]),
size=5,
x = pos[n][0],
y = pos[n][1],
physics = False)
I'm not sure how the edge weights will play into things, so you should probably also add physics = False to the add_edge parameters to ensure that nothing will move.
Since I didn't have your original data, I just generated a random graph with 10 nodes and this was the result in pyvis.

How to assign colors and edges within a network through for loops

I am picturing an undirected graph by using a for loop for shrinking code rows. However, I am facing two problems
import networkx as nx
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
G = nx.DiGraph()
G.add_nodes_from(range(1,8,1))
The colors I am trying to attribute to each node with the following loop do not appear in the final figure
color_list = []
for node in G.nodes: # iteration over nodes
if node < 4:
color_list.append('gold')
elif node >= 4:
color_list.append('violet')
elif node == 6:
color_list.append('limegreen')
else:
color_list.append('darkorange')
I am struggling with creating an efficient loop to create edges within the following nodes (I have checked and applied many solutions, but I was not able to do this with a for loop)
G.add_edge(1,2)
G.add_edge(1,3)
G.add_edge(2,6)
G.add_edge(3,7)
G.add_edge(4,6)
G.add_edge(4,7)
G.add_edge(5,6)
#nx.draw(G, node_color = color_list, with_labels =True)
pos = nx.spring_layout(G)
nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos)
nx.draw_networkx_labels(G, pos)
nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, edge_color='black')
plt.show()
This is the final figure I'm getting
Has anyone possibly have any suggestions? Just let me where these errors occur. Thanks
You forgot to specify node_color=color_list while drawing the network.
For instance, you cab use: nx.draw(G, pos, node_color=color_list,with_labels=True) to draw the network. You will then get the result below:
Also note that, as it stands, you will never get the colors limegreen and darkorange in your graph since the conditions node < 4 and node >= 4 are already partitioning the set of the nodes.

Finding neighbourhoods (cliques) in street data (a graph)

I am looking for a way to automatically define neighbourhoods in cities as polygons on a graph.
My definition of a neighbourhood has two parts:
A block: An area inclosed between a number of streets, where the number of streets (edges) and intersections (nodes) is a minimum of three (a triangle).
A neighbourhood: For any given block, all the blocks directly adjacent to that block and the block itself.
See this illustration for an example:
E.g. B4 is block defined by 7 nodes and 6 edges connecting them. As most of the examples here, the other blocks are defined by 4 nodes and 4 edges connecting them. Also, the neighbourhood of B1 includes B2 (and vice versa) while B2 also includes B3.
I am using osmnx to get street data from OSM.
Using osmnx and networkx, how can I traverse a graph to find the nodes and edges that define each block?
For each block, how can I find the adjacent blocks?
I am working myself towards a piece of code that takes a graph and a pair of coordinates (latitude, longitude) as input, identifies the relevant block and returns the polygon for that block and the neighbourhood as defined above.
Here is the code used to make the map:
import osmnx as ox
import networkx as nx
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
G = ox.graph_from_address('Nørrebrogade 20, Copenhagen Municipality',
network_type='all',
distance=500)
and my attempt at finding cliques with different number of nodes and degrees.
def plot_cliques(graph, number_of_nodes, degree):
ug = ox.save_load.get_undirected(graph)
cliques = nx.find_cliques(ug)
cliques_nodes = [clq for clq in cliques if len(clq) >= number_of_nodes]
print("{} cliques with more than {} nodes.".format(len(cliques_nodes), number_of_nodes))
nodes = set(n for clq in cliques_nodes for n in clq)
h = ug.subgraph(nodes)
deg = nx.degree(h)
nodes_degree = [n for n in nodes if deg[n] >= degree]
k = h.subgraph(nodes_degree)
nx.draw(k, node_size=5)
Theory that might be relevant:
Enumerating All Cycles in an Undirected Graph
Finding city blocks using the graph is surprisingly non-trivial.
Basically, this amounts to finding the smallest set of smallest rings (SSSR), which is an NP-complete problem.
A review of this problem (and related problems) can be found here.
On SO, there is one description of an algorithm to solve it here.
As far as I can tell, there is no corresponding implementation in networkx (or in python for that matter).
I tried this approach briefly and then abandoned it -- my brain is not up to scratch for that kind of work today.
That being said, I will award a bounty to anybody that might visit this page at a later date and post a tested implementation of an algorithm that finds the SSSR in python.
I have instead pursued a different approach, leveraging the fact that the graph is guaranteed to be planar.
Briefly, instead of treating this as a graph problem, we treat this as an image segmentation problem.
First, we find all connected regions in the image. We then determine the contour around each region,
transform the contours in image coordinates back to longitudes and latitudes.
Given the following imports and function definitions:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
"""
Find house blocks in osmnx graphs.
"""
import numpy as np
import osmnx as ox
import networkx as nx
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.path import Path
from matplotlib.patches import PathPatch
from matplotlib.backends.backend_agg import FigureCanvasAgg as FigureCanvas
from skimage.measure import label, find_contours, points_in_poly
from skimage.color import label2rgb
ox.config(log_console=True, use_cache=True)
def k_core(G, k):
H = nx.Graph(G, as_view=True)
H.remove_edges_from(nx.selfloop_edges(H))
core_nodes = nx.k_core(H, k)
H = H.subgraph(core_nodes)
return G.subgraph(core_nodes)
def plot2img(fig):
# remove margins
fig.subplots_adjust(left=0, bottom=0, right=1, top=1, wspace=0, hspace=0)
# convert to image
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/35362787/2912349
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/54334430/2912349
canvas = FigureCanvas(fig)
canvas.draw()
img_as_string, (width, height) = canvas.print_to_buffer()
as_rgba = np.fromstring(img_as_string, dtype='uint8').reshape((height, width, 4))
return as_rgba[:,:,:3]
Load the data. Do cache the imports, if testing this repeatedly -- otherwise your account can get banned.
Speaking from experience here.
G = ox.graph_from_address('Nørrebrogade 20, Copenhagen Municipality',
network_type='all', distance=500)
G_projected = ox.project_graph(G)
ox.save_graphml(G_projected, filename='network.graphml')
# G = ox.load_graphml('network.graphml')
Prune nodes and edges that cannot be part of a cycle.
This step is not strictly necessary but results in nicer contours.
H = k_core(G, 2)
fig1, ax1 = ox.plot_graph(H, node_size=0, edge_color='k', edge_linewidth=1)
Convert plot to image and find connected regions:
img = plot2img(fig1)
label_image = label(img > 128)
image_label_overlay = label2rgb(label_image[:,:,0], image=img[:,:,0])
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1,1)
ax.imshow(image_label_overlay)
For each labelled region, find the contour and convert the contour pixel coordinates back to data coordinates.
# using a large region here as an example;
# however we could also loop over all unique labels, i.e.
# for ii in np.unique(labels.ravel()):
ii = np.argsort(np.bincount(label_image.ravel()))[-5]
mask = (label_image[:,:,0] == ii)
contours = find_contours(mask.astype(np.float), 0.5)
# Select the largest contiguous contour
contour = sorted(contours, key=lambda x: len(x))[-1]
# display the image and plot the contour;
# this allows us to transform the contour coordinates back to the original data cordinates
fig2, ax2 = plt.subplots()
ax2.imshow(mask, interpolation='nearest', cmap='gray')
ax2.autoscale(enable=False)
ax2.step(contour.T[1], contour.T[0], linewidth=2, c='r')
plt.close(fig2)
# first column indexes rows in images, second column indexes columns;
# therefor we need to swap contour array to get xy values
contour = np.fliplr(contour)
pixel_to_data = ax2.transData + ax2.transAxes.inverted() + ax1.transAxes + ax1.transData.inverted()
transformed_contour = pixel_to_data.transform(contour)
transformed_contour_path = Path(transformed_contour, closed=True)
patch = PathPatch(transformed_contour_path, facecolor='red')
ax1.add_patch(patch)
Determine all points in the original graph that fall inside (or on) the contour.
x = G.nodes.data('x')
y = G.nodes.data('y')
xy = np.array([(x[node], y[node]) for node in G.nodes])
eps = (xy.max(axis=0) - xy.min(axis=0)).mean() / 100
is_inside = transformed_contour_path.contains_points(xy, radius=-eps)
nodes_inside_block = [node for node, flag in zip(G.nodes, is_inside) if flag]
node_size = [50 if node in nodes_inside_block else 0 for node in G.nodes]
node_color = ['r' if node in nodes_inside_block else 'k' for node in G.nodes]
fig3, ax3 = ox.plot_graph(G, node_color=node_color, node_size=node_size)
Figuring out if two blocks are neighbors is pretty easy. Just check if they share a node:
if set(nodes_inside_block_1) & set(nodes_inside_block_2): # empty set evaluates to False
print("Blocks are neighbors.")
I'm not completely sure that cycle_basis will give you the neighborhoods you seek, but if it does, it's a simple thing to get the neighborhood graph from it:
import osmnx as ox
import networkx as nx
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
G = ox.graph_from_address('Nørrebrogade 20, Copenhagen Municipality',
network_type='all',
distance=500)
H = nx.Graph(G) # make a simple undirected graph from G
cycles = nx.cycles.cycle_basis(H) # I think a cycle basis should get all the neighborhoods, except
# we'll need to filter the cycles that are too small.
cycles = [set(cycle) for cycle in cycles if len(cycle) > 2] # Turn the lists into sets for next loop.
# We can create a new graph where the nodes are neighborhoods and two neighborhoods are connected if
# they are adjacent:
I = nx.Graph()
for i, n in enumerate(cycles):
for j, m in enumerate(cycles[i + 1:], start=i + 1):
if not n.isdisjoint(m):
I.add_edge(i, j)
I appreciate this question is a little bit old now but I have an alternative approach that is relatively straighforward - it does require stepping away from networkx for a moment though.
Creating the blocks
Get the projected graph:
import osmnx as ox
import geopandas as gpd
from shapely.ops import polygonize
G = ox.graph_from_address('Nørrebrogade 20, Copenhagen Municipality',
network_type='all',
dist=500)
G_projected = ox.project_graph(G)
Convert the graph to undirected - this removes duplicate edges that would cause the subsequent polygonization to fail:
G_undirected = G_projected.to_undirected()
Extract just the edges into a GeoPandas GeoDataFrame:
G_edges_as_gdf = ox.graph_to_gdfs(G_undirected, nodes=False, edges=True)
Use polygonize from shapely.ops on the edges to create the block faces and then use these as the geometry in a new GeoDataFrame:
block_faces = list(polygonize(G_edges_as_gdf['geometry']))
blocks = gpd.GeoDataFrame(geometry=block_faces)
Plot the result:
ax = G_edges_as_gdf.plot(figsize=(10,10), color='red', zorder=0)
blocks.plot(ax=ax, facecolor='gainsboro', edgecolor='k', linewidth=2, alpha=0.5, zorder=1)
blocks created from line fragments by shapely.ops.polygonize()
Finding neighbors
PySAL does a great job of this with its spatial weights see https://pysal.org/notebooks/lib/libpysal/weights.html for further information. libpysal can be installed from conda-forge.
Here we use Rook weights to identify blocks that share an edge as in the original question. Queen weights would also include those that only share a node (i.e. meet at a street junction)
from libpysal.weights import Rook # Queen, KNN also available
w_rook = Rook.from_dataframe(blocks)
The spatial weights are just for the neighbours so we need to append the original block (index number 18 here just as an example):
block = 18
neighbors = w_rook.neighbors[block]
neighbors.append(block)
neighbors
Then we can plot using neighbors as a filter:
ax = blocks.plot(figsize=(10,10), facecolor='gainsboro', edgecolor='black')
blocks[blocks.index.isin(neighbors)].plot(ax=ax, color='red', alpha=0.5)
neighboring blocks highlighted on top of all blocks
Notes
This doesn't resolve the sliver polygons caused by multiple road centre lines and it can be challenging to resolve ambiguities caused by pedestrianised streets and footpaths - presumably a pedestrianised street is a legitimate division between blocks but a footpath may not be.
From memory I have in the past needed to fragment the LineStrings created from the edges further before polygonizing them - this didn't seem to be necessary with this example.
I have left out the final step of linking the new geometries back to the Node IDs with some kind of spatial join etc.
I don't have a code, but I guess that once i'm on the sidewalk, if I keep turning to the right at each corner, I will cycle through the edges of my block. I don't know the libraries so I'll just talk algo here.
from your point, go north until you reach a street
turn right as much as you can and walk on the street
on the next corner, find all the steets, chose the one that makes the smallest angle with your street counting from the right.
walk on that street.
turn right, etc.
It's actually an algorithm to use to exit a maze : keep your right hand on the wall and walk. It doesn't work in case of loops in the maze, you just loop around. But it gives a solution to your problem.
This is an implementation of Hashemi Emad's idea. It works well as long as the starting position is chosen such that there exists a way to step counterclockwise in a tight circle. For some edges, in particular around the outside of the map, this is not possible. I don't have an idea how to select good starting positions, or how to filter solutions -- but maybe somebody else has one.
Working example (starting with edge (1204573687, 4555480822)):
Example, where this approach does not work (starting with edge (1286684278, 5818325197)):
Code
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
"""
Find house blocks in osmnx graphs.
"""
import numpy as np
import networkx as nx
import osmnx as ox
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt; plt.ion()
from matplotlib.path import Path
from matplotlib.patches import PathPatch
ox.config(log_console=True, use_cache=True)
def k_core(G, k):
H = nx.Graph(G, as_view=True)
H.remove_edges_from(nx.selfloop_edges(H))
core_nodes = nx.k_core(H, k)
H = H.subgraph(core_nodes)
return G.subgraph(core_nodes)
def get_vector(G, n1, n2):
dx = np.diff([G.nodes.data()[n]['x'] for n in (n1, n2)])
dy = np.diff([G.nodes.data()[n]['y'] for n in (n1, n2)])
return np.array([dx, dy])
def angle_between(v1, v2):
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/31735642/2912349
ang1 = np.arctan2(*v1[::-1])
ang2 = np.arctan2(*v2[::-1])
return (ang1 - ang2) % (2 * np.pi)
def step_counterclockwise(G, edge, path):
start, stop = edge
v1 = get_vector(G, stop, start)
neighbors = set(G.neighbors(stop))
candidates = list(set(neighbors) - set([start]))
if not candidates:
raise Exception("Ran into a dead end!")
else:
angles = np.zeros_like(candidates, dtype=float)
for ii, neighbor in enumerate(candidates):
v2 = get_vector(G, stop, neighbor)
angles[ii] = angle_between(v1, v2)
next_node = candidates[np.argmin(angles)]
if next_node in path:
# next_node might not be the same as the first node in path;
# therefor, we backtrack until we end back at next_node
closed_path = [next_node]
for node in path[::-1]:
closed_path.append(node)
if node == next_node:
break
return closed_path[::-1] # reverse to have counterclockwise path
else:
path.append(next_node)
return step_counterclockwise(G, (stop, next_node), path)
def get_city_block_patch(G, boundary_nodes, *args, **kwargs):
xy = []
for node in boundary_nodes:
x = G.nodes.data()[node]['x']
y = G.nodes.data()[node]['y']
xy.append((x, y))
path = Path(xy, closed=True)
return PathPatch(path, *args, **kwargs)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# load data
# # DO CACHE RESULTS -- otherwise you can get banned for repeatedly querying the same address
# G = ox.graph_from_address('Nørrebrogade 20, Copenhagen Municipality',
# network_type='all', distance=500)
# G_projected = ox.project_graph(G)
# ox.save_graphml(G_projected, filename='network.graphml')
G = ox.load_graphml('network.graphml')
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# prune nodes and edges that should/can not be part of a cycle;
# this also reduces the chance of running into a dead end when stepping counterclockwise
H = k_core(G, 2)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# pick an edge and step counterclockwise until you complete a circle
# random edge
total_edges = len(H.edges)
idx = np.random.choice(total_edges)
start, stop, _ = list(H.edges)[idx]
# good edge
# start, stop = 1204573687, 4555480822
# bad edge
# start, stop = 1286684278, 5818325197
steps = step_counterclockwise(H, (start, stop), [start, stop])
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# plot
patch = get_city_block_patch(G, steps, facecolor='red', edgecolor='red', zorder=-1)
node_size = [100 if node in steps else 20 for node in G.nodes]
node_color = ['crimson' if node in steps else 'black' for node in G.nodes]
fig1, ax1 = ox.plot_graph(G, node_size=node_size, node_color=node_color, edge_color='k', edge_linewidth=1)
ax1.add_patch(patch)
fig1.savefig('city_block.png')

how to draw communities with networkx

How can I draw a graph with it's communities using python networkx like this image :
image url
The documentation for networkx.draw_networkx_nodes and networkx.draw_networkx_edges explains how to set the node and edge colors. The patches bounding the communities can be made by finding the positions of the nodes for each community and then drawing a patch (e.g. matplotlib.patches.Circle) that contains all positions (and then some).
The hard bit is the graph layout / setting the node positions.
AFAIK, there is no routine in networkx to achieve the desired graph layout "out of the box". What you want to do is the following:
Position the communities with respect to each other: create a new, weighted graph, where each node corresponds to a community, and the weights correspond to the number of edges between communities. Get a decent layout with your favourite graph layout algorithm (e.g.spring_layout).
Position the nodes within each community: for each community, create a new graph. Find a layout for the subgraph.
Combine node positions in 1) and 3). E.g. scale community positions calculated in 1) by a factor of 10; add those values to the positions of all nodes (as computed in 2)) within that community.
I have been wanting to implement this for a while. I might do it later today or over the weekend.
EDIT:
Voila. Now you just need to draw your favourite patch around (behind) the nodes.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import networkx as nx
def community_layout(g, partition):
"""
Compute the layout for a modular graph.
Arguments:
----------
g -- networkx.Graph or networkx.DiGraph instance
graph to plot
partition -- dict mapping int node -> int community
graph partitions
Returns:
--------
pos -- dict mapping int node -> (float x, float y)
node positions
"""
pos_communities = _position_communities(g, partition, scale=3.)
pos_nodes = _position_nodes(g, partition, scale=1.)
# combine positions
pos = dict()
for node in g.nodes():
pos[node] = pos_communities[node] + pos_nodes[node]
return pos
def _position_communities(g, partition, **kwargs):
# create a weighted graph, in which each node corresponds to a community,
# and each edge weight to the number of edges between communities
between_community_edges = _find_between_community_edges(g, partition)
communities = set(partition.values())
hypergraph = nx.DiGraph()
hypergraph.add_nodes_from(communities)
for (ci, cj), edges in between_community_edges.items():
hypergraph.add_edge(ci, cj, weight=len(edges))
# find layout for communities
pos_communities = nx.spring_layout(hypergraph, **kwargs)
# set node positions to position of community
pos = dict()
for node, community in partition.items():
pos[node] = pos_communities[community]
return pos
def _find_between_community_edges(g, partition):
edges = dict()
for (ni, nj) in g.edges():
ci = partition[ni]
cj = partition[nj]
if ci != cj:
try:
edges[(ci, cj)] += [(ni, nj)]
except KeyError:
edges[(ci, cj)] = [(ni, nj)]
return edges
def _position_nodes(g, partition, **kwargs):
"""
Positions nodes within communities.
"""
communities = dict()
for node, community in partition.items():
try:
communities[community] += [node]
except KeyError:
communities[community] = [node]
pos = dict()
for ci, nodes in communities.items():
subgraph = g.subgraph(nodes)
pos_subgraph = nx.spring_layout(subgraph, **kwargs)
pos.update(pos_subgraph)
return pos
def test():
# to install networkx 2.0 compatible version of python-louvain use:
# pip install -U git+https://github.com/taynaud/python-louvain.git#networkx2
from community import community_louvain
g = nx.karate_club_graph()
partition = community_louvain.best_partition(g)
pos = community_layout(g, partition)
nx.draw(g, pos, node_color=list(partition.values())); plt.show()
return
Addendum
Although the general idea is sound, my old implementation above has a few issues. Most importantly, the implementation doesn't work very well for unevenly sized communities. Specifically, _position_communities gives each community the same amount of real estate on the canvas. If some of the communities are much larger than others, these communities end up being compressed into the same amount of space as the small communities. Obviously, this does not reflect the structure of the graph very well.
I have written a library for visualizing networks, which is called netgraph. It includes an improved version of the community layout routine outlined above, which also considers the sizes of the communities when arranging them. It is fully compatible with networkx and igraph Graph objects, so it should be easy and fast to make great looking graphs (at least that is the idea).
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import networkx as nx
# installation easiest via pip:
# pip install netgraph
from netgraph import Graph
# create a modular graph
partition_sizes = [10, 20, 30, 40]
g = nx.random_partition_graph(partition_sizes, 0.5, 0.1)
# since we created the graph, we know the best partition:
node_to_community = dict()
node = 0
for community_id, size in enumerate(partition_sizes):
for _ in range(size):
node_to_community[node] = community_id
node += 1
# # alternatively, we can infer the best partition using Louvain:
# from community import community_louvain
# node_to_community = community_louvain.best_partition(g)
community_to_color = {
0 : 'tab:blue',
1 : 'tab:orange',
2 : 'tab:green',
3 : 'tab:red',
}
node_color = {node: community_to_color[community_id] for node, community_id in node_to_community.items()}
Graph(g,
node_color=node_color, node_edge_width=0, edge_alpha=0.1,
node_layout='community', node_layout_kwargs=dict(node_to_community=node_to_community),
edge_layout='bundled', edge_layout_kwargs=dict(k=2000),
)
plt.show()

Drawing a custom diagram in python

I wanna draw something like this :
The closest thing to this I could find was NetworkX Edge Colormap:
http://networkx.github.io/documentation/latest/examples/drawing/edge_colormap.html
and here is the source code:
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Draw a graph with matplotlib, color edges.
You must have matplotlib>=87.7 for this to work.
"""
__author__ = """Aric Hagberg (hagberg#lanl.gov)"""
try:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
except:
raise
import networkx as nx
G=nx.star_graph(20)
pos=nx.spring_layout(G)
colors=range(20)
nx.draw(G,pos,node_color='#A0CBE2',edge_color=colors,width=4,edge_cmap=plt.cm.Blues,with_labels=False)
plt.savefig("edge_colormap.png") # save as png
plt.show() # display
After playing around with their source code, I can't figure out how to hardcode distance of the edge circles from the centre. Right now its random.
Also how do I label the edge circles and their distance from the centre?
I know for position comes from pos=nx.spring_layout(G). So I looked at the spring_layout attribute and found that position can be specified by using a pos variable which is a dictionary with nodes as keys and values as a list. (https://networkx.github.io/documentation/latest/reference/generated/networkx.drawing.layout.spring_layout.html)
But even when I do the following result is random edges :
ap = {'uniwide':[55,34,1],'eduram':[34],'uniwide_webauth':[20,55,39],'uniwide_guest':[55,34],'tele9751_lab':[100],'HomeSDN':[100],'TP-LINK':[39]}
pos=nx.spring_layout(G,pos=ap)
You can set the node positions explicitly with the pos dictionary.
For example
import networkx as nx
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
G = nx.Graph()
G.add_edge('center',1)
G.add_edge('center',2)
G.add_edge('center',3)
G.add_edge('center',4)
pos = {'center':(0,0),
1:(1,0),
2:(0,1),
3:(-1,0),
4:(0,-1)
}
nx.draw(G, pos=pos, with_labels=True)
plt.show()
I'm trying to be as helpful as I can. I wouldn't try to keep them static. You'll want to add and remove things, and the algorithm's automatic placement is something you don't want to lose. According to the docs, you should probably tweak k. It looks like n is 20, so multiply k times some factor to increase the distance.
n = 20
nx.spring_layout(G, k=(1.0/pow(n, .5))) # what it currently is
should maybe be this:
nx.spring_layout(G, k=(1.0/pow(n, .5))*1.5) # play around with this factor

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