I want to open a website in my local computer's web browser (Chrome or Internet Explorer) using Python.
open("http://google.co.kr") # something like this
Is there a module that can do this for me?
The webbrowser module looks promising: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jU3P7qz3ZrM
import webbrowser
webbrowser.open('http://google.co.kr', new=2)
From the doc.
The webbrowser module provides a high-level interface to allow
displaying Web-based documents to users. Under most circumstances,
simply calling the open() function from this module will do the right
thing.
You have to import the module and use open() function. This will open https://nabinkhadka.com.np in the browser.
To open in new tab:
import webbrowser
webbrowser.open('https://nabinkhadka.com.np', new = 2)
Also from the doc.
If new is 0, the url is opened in the same browser window if possible.
If new is 1, a new browser window is opened if possible. If new is 2,
a new browser page (“tab”) is opened if possible
So according to the value of new, you can either open page in same browser window or in new tab etc.
Also you can specify as which browser (chrome, firebox, etc.) to open. Use get() function for this.
As the instructions state, using the open() function does work, and opens the default web browser - usually I would say: "why wouldn't I want to use Firefox?!" (my default and favorite browser)
import webbrowser as wb
wb.open_new_tab('http://www.google.com')
The above should work for the computer's default browser. However, what if you want to to open in Google Chrome?
The proper way to do this is:
import webbrowser as wb
wb.get('chrome %s').open_new_tab('http://www.google.com')
To be honest, I'm not really sure that I know the difference between 'chrome' and 'google-chrome', but apparently there is some since they've made the two different type names in the webbrowser documentation.
However, doing this didn't work right off the bat for me. Every time, I would get the error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python34\programs\a_temp_testing.py", line 3, in <module>
wb.get('google-chrome')
File "C:\Python34\lib\webbrowser.py", line 51, in get
raise Error("could not locate runnable browser")
webbrowser.Error: could not locate runnable browser
To solve this, I had to add the folder for chrome.exe to System PATH. My chrome.exe executable file is found at:
C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application
You should check whether it is here or not for yourself.
To add this to your Environment Variables System PATH, right click on your Windows icon and go to System. System Control Panel applet (Start - Settings - Control Panel - System). Change advanced settings, or the advanced tab, and select the button there called Environment Varaibles.
Once you click on Environment Variables here, another window will pop up. Scroll through the items, select PATH, and click edit.
Once you're in here, click New to add the folder path to your chrome.exe file. Like I said above, mine was found at:
C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application
Click save and exit out of there. Then make sure you reboot your computer.
Hope this helps!
Actually it depends on what kind of uses. If you want to use it in a test-framework I highly recommend selenium-python. It is a great tool for testing automation related to web-browsers.
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://www.python.org")
I think it should be
import webbrowser
webbrowser.open('http://gatedin.com')
NOTE: make sure that you give http or https
if you give "www." instead of "http:" instead of opening a broser the interprete displays boolean OutPut TRUE.
here you are importing webbrowser library
I had this problem.When I define firefox path my problem had been solved.
import webbrowser
urL='https://www.python.org'
mozilla_path="C:\\Program Files\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe"
webbrowser.register('firefox', None,webbrowser.BackgroundBrowser(mozilla_path))
webbrowser.get('firefox').open_new_tab(urL)
You can simply simply achieve it with any python module that gives you an interaction with command line(cmd) like subprocess, os, etc.
but here I came up with examples on only two modules.
Here is syntax (command) cmd /c start browser_name "URL"
Example
import os
# or open with iexplore
os.system('cmd /c start iexplore "http://your_url"')
# or open with chrome
os.system('cmd /c start chrome "http://your_url"')
__import__('subprocess').getoutput('cmd /c start iexplore "http://your_url"')
You can also run the command in the cmd it will work to or use other module call
click which mainly used for writing command line utilities.
here is how
import click
click.launch('http://your_url')
Its a 2 liner! :D
You are a great programmer so never give up!
#Use web-browser.
import webbrowser as w
w.open("https://google.com")
#remember to include https://
#If you want to make a page open if you click a button do this :
from tkinter import *
#^ Imports tk
import webbrowser as w
#^ Imports wb
x = Tk()
#Makes main window
def clicked() :
w.open("https://google.com")
#Defined the click function. (We'll use this later.)
link = Button(x, text="Click Me!", command=clicked)
link.pack(pady=20, padx=20)
#Our button
x.mainloop()
#Tkinter mainloop
If you want to open a specific browser (e.g. Chrome and Chromium) with command line options like full screen or kiosk mode and also want to be able to kill it later on, then this might work for you:
from threading import Timer
from time import sleep
import subprocess
import platform
# Hint 1: to enable F11 use --start-fullscreen instead of --kiosk, otherwise Alt+F4 to close the browser
# Hint 2: fullscreen will only work if chrome is not already running
platform_browser = {
'Windows': r'"C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe" --kiosk http://stackoverflow.com',
'Linux' : ['/usr/bin/chromium-browser', '--kiosk', 'http://stackoverflow.com']
}
browser = None
def open_browser():
global browser
platform_name = platform.system()
if platform_name in platform_browser:
browser = subprocess.Popen(platform_browser[platform_name])
else:
print(":-(")
Timer(1, open_browser).start() # delayed start, give e.g. your own web server time to launch
sleep(20) # start e.g. your python web server here instead
browser.kill()
If you want to open any website first you need to import a module called "webbrowser". Then just use webbrowser.open() to open a website.
e.g.
import webbrowser
webbrowser.open('https://yashprogrammer.wordpress.com/', new= 2)
Related
Here is how I am trying to do it:
# Start Google Chrome
subprocess.call(["C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe", "--kiosk"])
If I add the --kiosk flag to the Google Chrome shortcut on my desktop, Chrome does start in kiosk mode. However, when I try this through Python, it doesn't seem to work. I've searched Google and here, but have found nothing so far. Please help.
That command works for me just fine.
Make sure you're not running another copy of Chrome. It appears that Chrome will only start in Kiosk mode if no other instances are running. If you want to make sure no other instances are running, this answer shows how you could kill them before starting a new process:
import os
import subprocess
CHROME = os.path.join('C:\\', 'Program Files (x86)', 'Google', 'Chrome', 'Application', 'chrome.exe')
os.system('taskkill /im chrome.exe')
subprocess.call([CHROME, '--kiosk'])
As a side note, it is always nice to use os.path.join, even if your code is platform-specific at this point.
You could use raw-string literals for Windows paths:
import subprocess
chrome = r"C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe"
subprocess.check_call([chrome, '--kiosk'])
Note: "\\n" == r'\n' != '\n'. Though it doesn't make any difference in your case.
You could try to pass --new-window option to open a new window.
If all you need is to open an url in a new Google Chrome window:
import webbrowser
webbrowser.get('google-chrome').open_new('https://example.com')
Thanks for 'kill other instances' tip, solved my problem :)
I use the following method :
import os
os.system('taskkill /im chrome.exe')
os.system('start chrome "https://www.youtube.com/feed/music" --kiosk')
How can my Python script get the URL of the currently active Google Chrome tab in Windows? This has to be done without interrupting the user, so sending key strokes to copy/paste is not an option.
First, you need to download and install pywin32. Import these modules in your script:
import win32gui
import win32con
If Google Chrome is the currently active window, first get the window handle by:
hwnd = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow()
(Otherwise, find the Google Chrome window handle by using win32gui.FindWindow. Windows Detective is handy when finding out class names for windows.)
It seems the only way to get the URL is to get the text in the "omnibox" (address bar). This is usually the tab's URL, but could also be any partial URL or search string that the user is currently typing.
Also, the URL in the omnibox won't include the "http://" prefix unless the user has typed it explicitly (and not yet pressed enter), but it will in fact include "https://" or "ftp://" if those protocols are used.
So, we find the omnibox child window inside the current Chrome window:
omniboxHwnd = win32gui.FindWindowEx(hwnd, 0, 'Chrome_OmniboxView', None)
This will of course break if the Google Chrome team decides to rename their window classes.
And then we get the "window text" of the omnibox, which doesn't seem to work with win32gui.GetWindowText for me. Good thing there's an alternative that does work:
def getWindowText(hwnd):
buf_size = 1 + win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_GETTEXTLENGTH, 0, 0)
buf = win32gui.PyMakeBuffer(buf_size)
win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_GETTEXT, buf_size, buf)
return str(buf)
This little function sends the WM_GETTEXT message to the window and returns the window text (in this case, the text in the omnibox).
There you go!
Christian's answer did not work for me as internal structure of Chrome changed entirely and you can't really access elements of Chrome window using win32gui anymore.
The only possible way I managed to find was through UI Automation API, which has this python wrapper with some examples of usage
Run this and switch to Chrome window you want to grab address from:
from time import sleep
import uiautomation as automation
if __name__ == '__main__':
sleep(3)
control = automation.GetFocusedControl()
controlList = []
while control:
controlList.insert(0, control)
control = control.GetParentControl()
if len(controlList) == 1:
control = controlList[0]
else:
control = controlList[1]
address_control = automation.FindControl(control, lambda c, d: isinstance(c, automation.EditControl) and "Address and search bar" in c.Name)
print address_control.CurrentValue()
I quite new to StackOverFlow so apologies if the comment is out of tone.
After looking at :
Selenium,
launching chrome://History directly,
doing some keyboard emulation : copy/paste with Pywinauto,
trying to use SOCK_RAW connections to capture the headers as per the Network tab of the DevTool (this one was very interesting),
trying to get text of the omnibus/searchBar window element,
closing and reopening chrome to read the history tables,
....
I resulted in copy/pasting the History file itself (\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\History) into my application folder when the title of the window (retrieved using the hwnd + win32) is missing from "my" urls table.
This can be done even if the sqlite db is locked and does not interfere with the user experience.
Very basic solution that requires : sqlite3, psutil, win32gui.
Hope that helps.
How can my Python script get the URL of the currently active Google Chrome tab in Windows? This has to be done without interrupting the user, so sending key strokes to copy/paste is not an option.
First, you need to download and install pywin32. Import these modules in your script:
import win32gui
import win32con
If Google Chrome is the currently active window, first get the window handle by:
hwnd = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow()
(Otherwise, find the Google Chrome window handle by using win32gui.FindWindow. Windows Detective is handy when finding out class names for windows.)
It seems the only way to get the URL is to get the text in the "omnibox" (address bar). This is usually the tab's URL, but could also be any partial URL or search string that the user is currently typing.
Also, the URL in the omnibox won't include the "http://" prefix unless the user has typed it explicitly (and not yet pressed enter), but it will in fact include "https://" or "ftp://" if those protocols are used.
So, we find the omnibox child window inside the current Chrome window:
omniboxHwnd = win32gui.FindWindowEx(hwnd, 0, 'Chrome_OmniboxView', None)
This will of course break if the Google Chrome team decides to rename their window classes.
And then we get the "window text" of the omnibox, which doesn't seem to work with win32gui.GetWindowText for me. Good thing there's an alternative that does work:
def getWindowText(hwnd):
buf_size = 1 + win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_GETTEXTLENGTH, 0, 0)
buf = win32gui.PyMakeBuffer(buf_size)
win32gui.SendMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_GETTEXT, buf_size, buf)
return str(buf)
This little function sends the WM_GETTEXT message to the window and returns the window text (in this case, the text in the omnibox).
There you go!
Christian's answer did not work for me as internal structure of Chrome changed entirely and you can't really access elements of Chrome window using win32gui anymore.
The only possible way I managed to find was through UI Automation API, which has this python wrapper with some examples of usage
Run this and switch to Chrome window you want to grab address from:
from time import sleep
import uiautomation as automation
if __name__ == '__main__':
sleep(3)
control = automation.GetFocusedControl()
controlList = []
while control:
controlList.insert(0, control)
control = control.GetParentControl()
if len(controlList) == 1:
control = controlList[0]
else:
control = controlList[1]
address_control = automation.FindControl(control, lambda c, d: isinstance(c, automation.EditControl) and "Address and search bar" in c.Name)
print address_control.CurrentValue()
I quite new to StackOverFlow so apologies if the comment is out of tone.
After looking at :
Selenium,
launching chrome://History directly,
doing some keyboard emulation : copy/paste with Pywinauto,
trying to use SOCK_RAW connections to capture the headers as per the Network tab of the DevTool (this one was very interesting),
trying to get text of the omnibus/searchBar window element,
closing and reopening chrome to read the history tables,
....
I resulted in copy/pasting the History file itself (\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\History) into my application folder when the title of the window (retrieved using the hwnd + win32) is missing from "my" urls table.
This can be done even if the sqlite db is locked and does not interfere with the user experience.
Very basic solution that requires : sqlite3, psutil, win32gui.
Hope that helps.
Can I close last opened tab (without closing the browser) from Python that was opened with the following code?
import webbrowser
webbrowser.get("firefox").open_new_tab(url)
You can use whatever for this tasks. I know that webbrowser module is not able to do it.
You can send the hotkey combination to close the tab (Ctrl + W) using the pykeyboard library from here, https://github.com/SavinaRoja/PyUserInput.
No, you can't close browser programmatically(without hacking or create plug-in).
the browser controller only provide methods to open browser but not to close.
this implicitly call new Process then parse command-line arguments such as
import subprocess
subprocess.Popen("firefox -new-tab %s" % url, shell=True)
equal to open shell cmd:
C:\Program Files\Mozilla Firefox\firefox -new-tab
http://docs.python.org
also most standard browser include Firefox provided its command line args to open new windows/tab but nothing to close opened tab.
The webbrowser library provides a convenient way to launch a URL with a browser window through the webbrowser.open() method. Numerous browser types are available, but there does not appear to be an explicit way to launch Internet Explorer when running python on windows.
WindowsDefault only works if Internet Explorer is set as the default browser, which is not an assumption I can make.
Is there a way to explicitly launch a URL into Internet Explorer without reverting to windows API calls?
More elegant code:
import webbrowser
ie = webbrowser.get(webbrowser.iexplore)
ie.open('google.com')
>>> ie = webbrowser.get('c:\\program files\\internet explorer\\iexplore.exe')
>>> ie.open('http://google.com')
True
iexplore = os.path.join(os.environ.get("PROGRAMFILES", "C:\\Program Files"),
"Internet Explorer\\IEXPLORE.EXE")
ie = webbrowser.BackgroundBrowser(iexplore)
ie.open(...)
This is what the webrowser module uses internally.
You can always do something like
subprocess.Popen('"C:\\Program Files\\Internet Explorer\\iexplore.exe" http://www.example.com')
The simplest way:
import subprocess
subprocess.Popen(r'"C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\IEXPLORE.EXE" www.google.com')
If you plan to use the script in more than your machine, keep in mind that not everyone has a English version of Windows
import subprocess
import os
subprocess.Popen(r'"' + os.environ["PROGRAMFILES"] + '\Internet Explorer\IEXPLORE.EXE" www.google.com')
Please try putting the absolute path of internet explorer exe file in your code.
ie=webbrowser.get("C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe")
ie.open_new("http://google.com")