Related
I want to list my input devices on my windows (like microphone and etc.).
the code is here :
from ctypes import *
import sys
#printf = libc.printf
winmm = windll.LoadLibrary("winmm.dll")
widn = winmm.waveInGetDevCapsA #wave in device num
widn.restype = c_uint
waveNum = winmm.waveInGetNumDevs
class LPWAVEINCAPS(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("wMid",c_ushort),
("wPid",c_ushort),
("vDriverVersion",c_uint),
("szPname",c_wchar_p),
("dwFormats",c_uint),
("wChannels",c_ushort),
("wReserved1",c_ushort),
]
widn.argtypes = [
c_uint,
POINTER(LPWAVEINCAPS),
c_uint
]
count_devs = waveNum()
print(count_devs)
structLP = LPWAVEINCAPS()
for i in range(count_devs):
str = widn(c_uint(i),byref(structLP),c_uint(sys.getsizeof(structLP)))
print(structLP.szPname)
The output is Segment fault and when I remove byref it gave me None as output.
help me please thank you so much :)
I solved the problem :
the problem was my string pointer, I used s = create_string_buffer(b'\000' * 32) and then ("szPname", type(s)) in the structure
from ctypes import *
import sys
#printf = libc.printf
winmm = windll.LoadLibrary("winmm.dll")
widn = winmm.waveInGetDevCapsA #wave in device num
widn.restype = c_uint
waveNum = winmm.waveInGetNumDevs
s = create_string_buffer(b'\000' * 32)
class LPWAVEINCAPS(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("wMid",c_ushort),
("wPid",c_ushort),
("vDriverVersion",c_uint),
("szPname", type(s)),
("dwFormats",c_uint),
("wChannels",c_ushort),
("wReserved1",c_ushort),
]
widn.argtypes = [
c_uint,
POINTER(LPWAVEINCAPS),
c_uint
]
count_devs = waveNum()
print(count_devs)
structLP = LPWAVEINCAPS()
for i in range(count_devs):
print(sizeof(type(structLP)))
str = widn(c_uint(i),byref(structLP),sizeof(structLP))
print(structLP.szPname)
#waveCaps = winmm.waveOutGetDevCaps
waveNum.restype = c_uint
#waveCaps.argtypes = []
I've been following the WinUsb MSDN HowTo here and so far it's worked pretty well.
I've made it to the point in the guide where I have to call the WinUsb_Initialize() function from the WinUsb DLL. And that's where I'm stuck. My code so far is this, and you will doubtlessly ascertain that I've ripped a great deal of it screaming from the WinAPI.py module of PyWinUSB. Insert gratuitous thanks and giving credit to the creator of PyWinUSB here.
import ctypes
import platform
from ctypes import byref, POINTER, Structure, sizeof, c_ulong
from ctypes.wintypes import DWORD, WORD, BYTE, HANDLE, LPCWSTR, ULONG, WCHAR, \
BOOL
TCHAR = WCHAR
winUSB = ctypes.windll.winusb
winHID = ctypes.windll.hid
kernel32 = ctypes.windll.kernel32
setupAPI = ctypes.windll.setupapi
GENERIC_READ = (-2147483648)
GENERIC_WRITE = (1073741824)
FILE_SHARE_READ = 1
FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 2
OPEN_EXISTING = 3
FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED = 1073741824
if platform.architecture()[0].startswith('64'):
WIN_PACK = 8
else:
WIN_PACK = 1
class GUID(ctypes.Structure):
"""GUID Windows OS Structure"""
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [("data1", DWORD),
("data2", WORD),
("data3", WORD),
("data4", BYTE * 8)]
def __init__(self, data1 = None, data2 = None, data3 = None, data4 = None):
if data1 is not None:
self.data1 = data1
if data2 is not None:
self.data2 = data2
if data3 is not None:
self.data3 = data3
if data4 is not None:
self.data4 = data4
class SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA(Structure):
"""
typedef struct _SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA {
DWORD cbSize;
GUID InterfaceClassGuid;
DWORD Flags;
ULONG_PTR Reserved;
} SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA, *PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA
"""
_pack_ = WIN_PACK
_fields_ = [("cb_size", DWORD),
("interface_class_guid", GUID),
("flags", DWORD),
("reserved", POINTER(ULONG))]
def __init__(self):
self.cb_size = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA)
class SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA(Structure):
"""
typedef struct _SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA {
DWORD cbSize;
TCHAR DevicePath[ANYSIZE_ARRAY];
} SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA, *PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA;
"""
_pack_ = WIN_PACK
_fields_ = [("cb_size", DWORD),
("device_path", TCHAR * 1)] #device_path[1]
def __init__(self):
self.cb_size = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA)
def get_string(self):
"""Retreive stored string"""
return ctypes.wstring_at(byref(self, sizeof(DWORD)))
class SP_DEVINFO_DATA(Structure):
"""
typedef struct _SP_DEVINFO_DATA {
DWORD cbSize;
GUID ClassGuid;
DWORD DevInst;
ULONG_PTR Reserved;
} SP_DEVINFO_DATA, *PSP_DEVINFO_DATA;
"""
_pack_ = WIN_PACK
_fields_ = [("cb_size", DWORD),
("class_guid", GUID),
("dev_inst", DWORD),
("reserved", POINTER(ULONG))]
def __init__(self):
self.cb_size = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA)
class DIGCF:
"""
Flags controlling what is included in the device information set
built by SetupDiGetClassDevs
"""
DEFAULT = 0x00000001
PRESENT = 0x00000002
ALLCLASSES = 0x00000004
PROFILE = 0x00000008
DEVICEINTERFACE = 0x00000010
def GetHidGuid():
"Get system-defined GUID for HIDClass devices"
hid_guid = GUID()
winHID.HidD_GetHidGuid(byref(hid_guid))
return hid_guid
SetupDiGetClassDevs = setupAPI.SetupDiGetClassDevsW
SetupDiGetClassDevs.restype = HANDLE
SetupDiGetClassDevs.argtypes = [
# __in_opt const GUID *ClassGuid,
# __in_opt PCTSTR Enumerator,
# __in_opt HWND hwndParent,
# __in DWORD Flags,
POINTER(GUID),
LPCWSTR,
HANDLE,
DWORD]
SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail = setupAPI.SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailW
SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail.restype = BOOL
SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail.argtypes = [
# __in HDEVINFO DeviceInfoSet,
# __in PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA DeviceIn,
# __out_opt PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA DeviceInterfaceDetailData,
# __in DWORD DeviceInterfaceDetailDataSize,
# __out_opt PDWORD RequiredSize
# __out_opt PSP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData
HANDLE,
POINTER(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA),
POINTER(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA),
DWORD,
POINTER(DWORD),
POINTER(SP_DEVINFO_DATA)]
devGuid = GUID(0x2518E22E, 0x0F35, 0x11E2, (BYTE * 8)(0xB1, 0xD5, 0x6C, 0xF0,
0x49, 0x73, 0x78, 0x72))
classGuid = GetHidGuid()
#GUID(0x745A17A0, 0x74D3, 0x11D0, (BYTE * 8)(0xB6, 0xFE, 0x00, 0xA0,
# 0xC9, 0x0F, 0x57, 0xDA))
derp = SetupDiGetClassDevs(
byref(classGuid), None, None,
(DIGCF.PRESENT | DIGCF.DEVICEINTERFACE))
def stepDevices(herp, index = 0):
devInterfaceData = SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA()
if setupAPI.SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(
herp, None, byref(classGuid), index, byref(devInterfaceData)):
yield devInterfaceData
del devInterfaceData
else:
print(kernel32.GetLastError())
def enumDevices(herp):
index = 0
devInterfaceData = SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA()
while setupAPI.SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(
herp, None, byref(classGuid), index, byref(devInterfaceData)):
print(kernel32.GetLastError())
yield devInterfaceData
index += 1
del devInterfaceData
def getDetail(herp, devData, devInfo = None):
reqSize = c_ulong(0)
devDetail = SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA()
SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(
herp, byref(devData), None, 0, byref(reqSize), None)
ctypes.resize(devDetail, reqSize.value)
SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(
herp, byref(devData), byref(devDetail),
reqSize, None, byref(devInfo))
return devDetail.get_string()
dev = stepDevices(derp).next()
devInfo = SP_DEVINFO_DATA()
devString = getDetail(derp, dev, devInfo)
winUSBHandle = kernel32.CreateFileW(
devString, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, None, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, None)
#winUSB.WinUsb_Initialize(winUSBHandle, <what goes here?>)
I've tried creating a simple handle and passing that byref(handle) as the second parameter to the function, but the handle value stays as None.
I don't know how much has been done with Python and WinUSB.DLL but if anyone can point me in the correct direction I'd be sincerely grateful.
Thanks in advance.
The documentation says it is a PWINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, which is a PVOID, which is a c_void_p in ctypes, so this should work:
h = ctypes.c_void_p()
winUSB.WinUsb_Initialize(winUSBHandle, ctypes.byref(h))
Does the winUSBHandle look valid (not 0 or -1 or 0xFFFFFFFF)?
Edit
If it is failing, make sure to use the ctypes copy of GetLastError or it may be incorrect. Make the library references with:
winUSB = ctypes.WinDLL('winusb',use_last_error=True)
and use:
ctypes.get_last_error()
I'm trying to execute a python script (through a python process) under another user. I found part of this code on the web and works pretty well; except one thing.
When the process terminate, python fails.
So to be clear, the second python process under the different user execute well with CreateProcessWithLogonW, but the first script fails (I think).
I might be wrong in my thinking, and my code usage might be wrong ...
Any idea what could cause one python process to become unresponsive?
I've tried a lot of things (i.e. like placing sys.exit(0) in both script to make it clear that the task is done ...), but cannot get it.
I'm running on win7 with python 2.6 64bit
import ctypes
import win32api
import win32event
import win32process
NULL = 0
TRUE = 1
FALSE = 0
INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1
CREATE_DEFAULT_ERROR_MODE = 0x04000000
DETACHED_PROCESS = 0x00000008
WORD = ctypes.c_ushort
DWORD = ctypes.c_uint
LPSTR = ctypes.c_char_p
LPBYTE = LPSTR
HANDLE = DWORD
# typedef struct _PROCESS_INFORMATION {
# HANDLE hProcess;
# HANDLE hThread;
# DWORD dwProcessId;
# DWORD dwThreadId;
# } PROCESS_INFORMATION, *PPROCESS_INFORMATION, *LPPROCESS_INFORMATION;
class PROCESS_INFORMATION(ctypes.Structure):
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('hProcess', HANDLE),
('hThread', HANDLE),
('dwProcessId', DWORD),
('dwThreadId', DWORD),
]
# typedef struct _STARTUPINFO {
# DWORD cb;
# LPSTR lpReserved;
# LPSTR lpDesktop;
# LPSTR lpTitle;
# DWORD dwX;
# DWORD dwY;
# DWORD dwXSize;
# DWORD dwYSize;
# DWORD dwXCountChars;
# DWORD dwYCountChars;
# DWORD dwFillAttribute;
# DWORD dwFlags;
# WORD wShowWindow;
# WORD cbReserved2;
# LPBYTE lpReserved2;
# HANDLE hStdInput;
# HANDLE hStdOutput;
# HANDLE hStdError;
# } STARTUPINFO, *LPSTARTUPINFO;
class STARTUPINFO(ctypes.Structure):
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('cb', DWORD),
('lpReserved', DWORD), # LPSTR
('lpDesktop', LPSTR),
('lpTitle', LPSTR),
('dwX', DWORD),
('dwY', DWORD),
('dwXSize', DWORD),
('dwYSize', DWORD),
('dwXCountChars', DWORD),
('dwYCountChars', DWORD),
('dwFillAttribute', DWORD),
('dwFlags', DWORD),
('wShowWindow', WORD),
('cbReserved2', WORD),
('lpReserved2', DWORD), # LPBYTE
('hStdInput', DWORD),
('hStdOutput', DWORD),
('hStdError', DWORD),
]
# BOOL WINAPI CreateProcessWithLogonW(
# __in LPCWSTR lpUsername,
# __in_opt LPCWSTR lpDomain,
# __in LPCWSTR lpPassword,
# __in DWORD dwLogonFlags,
# __in_opt LPCWSTR lpApplicationName,
# __inout_opt LPWSTR lpCommandLine,
# __in DWORD dwCreationFlags,
# __in_opt LPVOID lpEnvironment,
# __in_opt LPCWSTR lpCurrentDirectory,
# __in LPSTARTUPINFOW lpStartupInfo,
# __out LPPROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInfo
# );
def CreateProcessWithLogonW(lpUsername=None, lpDomain=None, lpPassword=None,
dwLogonFlags=0, lpApplicationName=None, lpCommandLine=None,
dwCreationFlags=0, lpEnvironment=None, lpCurrentDirectory=None,
lpStartupInfo = None):
if not lpUsername:
lpUsername = NULL
else:
lpUsername = ctypes.c_wchar_p(lpUsername)
if not lpDomain:
lpDomain = NULL
else:
lpDomain = ctypes.c_wchar_p(lpDomain)
if not lpPassword:
lpPassword = NULL
else:
lpPassword = ctypes.c_wchar_p(lpPassword)
if not lpApplicationName:
lpApplicationName = NULL
else:
lpApplicationName = ctypes.c_wchar_p(lpApplicationName)
if not lpCommandLine:
lpCommandLine = NULL
else:
lpCommandLine = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(lpCommandLine)
if not lpEnvironment:
lpEnvironment = NULL
else:
lpEnvironment = ctypes.c_wchar_p(lpEnvironment)
if not lpCurrentDirectory:
lpCurrentDirectory = NULL
else:
lpCurrentDirectory = ctypes.c_wchar_p(lpCurrentDirectory)
if not lpStartupInfo:
lpStartupInfo = STARTUPINFO()
lpStartupInfo.cb = ctypes.sizeof(STARTUPINFO)
lpStartupInfo.lpReserved = 0
lpStartupInfo.lpDesktop = 0
lpStartupInfo.lpTitle = 0
lpStartupInfo.dwFlags = 0
lpStartupInfo.cbReserved2 = 0
lpStartupInfo.lpReserved2 = 0
lpStartupInfo.hStdInput = win32api.GetStdHandle(win32api.STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
lpStartupInfo.hStdOutput = win32api.GetStdHandle(win32api.STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
lpStartupInfo.hStdError = win32api.GetStdHandle(win32api.STD_ERROR_HANDLE)
lpProcessInformation = PROCESS_INFORMATION()
lpProcessInformation.hProcess = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
lpProcessInformation.hThread = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
lpProcessInformation.dwProcessId = 0
lpProcessInformation.dwThreadId = 0
dwCreationFlags |= win32process.CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE
success = ctypes.windll.advapi32.CreateProcessWithLogonW(lpUsername,
lpDomain,
lpPassword,
dwLogonFlags,
lpApplicationName,
ctypes.byref(lpCommandLine),
dwCreationFlags,
lpEnvironment,
lpCurrentDirectory,
ctypes.byref(lpStartupInfo),
ctypes.byref(lpProcessInformation))
if success == FALSE:
raise ctypes.WinError()
win32event.WaitForSingleObject(lpProcessInformation.hProcess, win32event.INFINITE)
ctypes.windll.kernel32.CloseHandle(lpProcessInformation.hProcess)
ctypes.windll.kernel32.CloseHandle(lpProcessInformation.hThread)
return lpProcessInformation
def test():
p = CreateProcessWithLogonW('user',
'domain',
'password',
0,
r'C:\Python26\python.exe',
r'C:\Python26\python.exe C:\mySimpleScript.py')
if __name__ == '__main__':
test()
Thanks for any enlightment (:
HANDLE is a 64 bit integer type on 64 bit systems. Try "from ctypes.wintypes import HANDLE" instead of "HANDLE = DWORD"
Check your arguments for lpApplicationName and lpCommandLine; one way to fix it is to pass NULL for the former and the complete command line for the latter:
p = CreateProcessWithLogonW('user',
'domain',
'password',
0,
NULL,
r'C:\Python26\python.exe C:\mySimpleScript.py')
See the docs for CreateProcessWithLogonW for details.
I have a string called 's' and I want to open it in notepad at runtime without saving it in/as a file. Is there any way to achieve this in python?
There is an example here.
#### Script to try to write something down in notepad
import win32api
import win32gui
import win32con
import time
import subprocess
#start notepad.exe asynchronously
subprocess.Popen('Notepad.exe')
# get the window handle of the blank, minimized notepad window
hwnd = win32gui.FindWindowEx(0, 0, 0, "Untitled - Notepad")
# print it just for kicks
print hwnd
win32gui.ShowWindow(hwnd, win32con.SW_SHOWNORMAL)
#this restores the proper window, so we know we have correct handle
#just to give it a little pause
time.sleep(2)
print "trying to post message"
#try to send it a return key
win32api.SendMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_KEYDOWN, win32con.VK_RETURN, 0)
win32api.SendMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_KEYUP, win32con.VK_RETURN, 0)
#the above generates absolutely no effect on the notepad window.
#same effect no matter what vk code i use (e.g. 65 for A, VK_SPACE for space, etc)
#### end of script
May I suggest you to use AutoIt3 facilities (http://www.autoitscript.com/autoit3/docs/tutorials/notepad/notepad.htm "AutoIt Notepad Tutorial")
AutoIt3 is a Windows scripting language to control quite anything in Windows. It provide a COM API so you can make integrate it in your Python script
from win32com.client import Dispatch
AutoIt = Dispatch("AutoItX3.Control")
AutoIt.Run('Notepad.exe')
AutoIt.WinWaitActive("Untitled - Notepad")
AutoIt.Send("This is some text.")
It may be also possible to use AutoHotKey (the fully GPL version of AutoIt)
Notepad has no facilities for doing such from an external source. Short of hooking into the Windows windowing API, finding the text area, and populating it yourself.
No. Notepad does not read data from stdin, so passing it a file or OS-level file-like is the only way for it to display text.
This code will send s into Notepad window from Python script.
class cls_KeyBdInput(ct.Structure):
_fields_ = [
("wVk", ct.c_ushort),
("wScan", ct.c_ushort),
("dwFlags", ct.c_ulong),
("time", ct.c_ulong),
("dwExtraInfo", ct.POINTER(ct.c_ulong) )
]
class cls_HardwareInput(ct.Structure):
_fields_ = [
("uMsg", ct.c_ulong),
("wParamL", ct.c_short),
("wParamH", ct.c_ushort)
]
class cls_MouseInput(ct.Structure):
_fields_ = [
("dx", ct.c_long),
("dy", ct.c_long),
("mouseData", ct.c_ulong),
("dwFlags", ct.c_ulong),
("time", ct.c_ulong),
("dwExtraInfo", ct.POINTER(ct.c_ulong) )
]
class cls_Input_I(ct.Union):
_fields_ = [
("ki", cls_KeyBdInput),
("mi", cls_MouseInput),
("hi", cls_HardwareInput)
]
class cls_Input(ct.Structure):
_fields_ = [
("type", ct.c_ulong),
("ii", cls_Input_I)
]
def make_input_objects( l_keys ):
p_ExtraInfo_0 = ct.pointer(ct.c_ulong(0))
l_inputs = [ ]
for n_key, n_updown in l_keys:
ki = cls_KeyBdInput( n_key, 0, n_updown, 0, p_ExtraInfo_0 )
ii = cls_Input_I()
ii.ki = ki
l_inputs.append( ii )
n_inputs = len(l_inputs)
l_inputs_2=[]
for ndx in range( 0, n_inputs ):
s2 = "(1, l_inputs[%s])" % ndx
l_inputs_2.append(s2)
s_inputs = ', '.join(l_inputs_2)
cls_input_array = cls_Input * n_inputs
o_input_array = eval( "cls_input_array( %s )" % s_inputs )
p_input_array = ct.pointer( o_input_array )
n_size_0 = ct.sizeof( o_input_array[0] )
# these are the args for user32.SendInput()
return ( n_inputs, p_input_array, n_size_0 )
def send_s( window1 ):
t_s = ( ( 0x53, 0 ), )
l_keys = [ ]
l_keys.extend( t_s )
t_inputs = make_input_objects( l_s )
win32gui.ShowWindow(window1, win32con.SW_SHOWNORMAL)
win32gui.SetForegroundWindow(window1)
rv = ct.windll.user32.SendInput( *t_inputs )
def find_window( s_app_name ):
try:
window1 = FindWindow( None, s_app_name,)
return window1
except ui_err:
pass
except:
raise
try:
window1 = FindWindow( s_app_name, None, )
return window1
except ui_err:
return None
except:
raise
def search_title(srch,ttls):
out=None
for i in range(len(ttls)):
#print i, ttls[i][1]
if srch in ttls[i][1]:
out= ttls[i][1]
return out
def get_window_titles():
titles = []
def foreach_window(hwnd, lParam):
if IsWindowVisible(hwnd):
length = GetWindowTextLength(hwnd)
buff = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(length + 1)
GetWindowText(hwnd, buff, length + 1)
ttl=buff.value
titles.append((hwnd, ttl))
return True
EnumWindows(EnumWindowsProc(foreach_window), 0)
return titles
ttls=get_window_titles()
title=search_title('Notepad',ttls)
window1 = find_window( title )
send_s( window1)
How can I retrieve the signal strength of nearby wireless LAN networks on Windows using Python?
I would like to either show or graph the values.
If you are on Windows, you probably want to use the WLAN API, which provides the 'WlanGetAvailableNetworkList()' function (see the API docs for usage). I am not aware of any python wrappers for WLANAPI.DLL so you may have to wrap it yourself using ctypes. I have a preliminary script that does this (works-for-me), but it may be crufty. You'll want to read the documentation to understand the meaning of all the fields:
from ctypes import *
from ctypes.wintypes import *
from sys import exit
def customresize(array, new_size):
return (array._type_*new_size).from_address(addressof(array))
wlanapi = windll.LoadLibrary('wlanapi.dll')
ERROR_SUCCESS = 0
class GUID(Structure):
_fields_ = [
('Data1', c_ulong),
('Data2', c_ushort),
('Data3', c_ushort),
('Data4', c_ubyte*8),
]
WLAN_INTERFACE_STATE = c_uint
(wlan_interface_state_not_ready,
wlan_interface_state_connected,
wlan_interface_state_ad_hoc_network_formed,
wlan_interface_state_disconnecting,
wlan_interface_state_disconnected,
wlan_interface_state_associating,
wlan_interface_state_discovering,
wlan_interface_state_authenticating) = map(WLAN_INTERFACE_STATE, range(0, 8))
class WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("InterfaceGuid", GUID),
("strInterfaceDescription", c_wchar * 256),
("isState", WLAN_INTERFACE_STATE)
]
class WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("NumberOfItems", DWORD),
("Index", DWORD),
("InterfaceInfo", WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO * 1)
]
WLAN_MAX_PHY_TYPE_NUMBER = 0x8
DOT11_SSID_MAX_LENGTH = 32
WLAN_REASON_CODE = DWORD
DOT11_BSS_TYPE = c_uint
(dot11_BSS_type_infrastructure,
dot11_BSS_type_independent,
dot11_BSS_type_any) = map(DOT11_BSS_TYPE, range(1, 4))
DOT11_PHY_TYPE = c_uint
dot11_phy_type_unknown = 0
dot11_phy_type_any = 0
dot11_phy_type_fhss = 1
dot11_phy_type_dsss = 2
dot11_phy_type_irbaseband = 3
dot11_phy_type_ofdm = 4
dot11_phy_type_hrdsss = 5
dot11_phy_type_erp = 6
dot11_phy_type_ht = 7
dot11_phy_type_IHV_start = 0x80000000
dot11_phy_type_IHV_end = 0xffffffff
DOT11_AUTH_ALGORITHM = c_uint
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_80211_OPEN = 1
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_80211_SHARED_KEY = 2
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_WPA = 3
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_WPA_PSK = 4
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_WPA_NONE = 5
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_RSNA = 6
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_RSNA_PSK = 7
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_IHV_START = 0x80000000
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_IHV_END = 0xffffffff
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGORITHM = c_uint
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_NONE = 0x00
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WEP40 = 0x01
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_TKIP = 0x02
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_CCMP = 0x04
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WEP104 = 0x05
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WPA_USE_GROUP = 0x100
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_RSN_USE_GROUP = 0x100
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WEP = 0x101
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_IHV_START = 0x80000000
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_IHV_END = 0xffffffff
WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_CONNECTED = 1
WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_HAS_PROFILE = 2
WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_INCLUDE_ALL_ADHOC_PROFILES = 0x00000001
WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_INCLUDE_ALL_MANUAL_HIDDEN_PROFILES = 0x00000002
class DOT11_SSID(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("SSIDLength", c_ulong),
("SSID", c_char * DOT11_SSID_MAX_LENGTH)
]
class WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("ProfileName", c_wchar * 256),
("dot11Ssid", DOT11_SSID),
("dot11BssType", DOT11_BSS_TYPE),
("NumberOfBssids", c_ulong),
("NetworkConnectable", c_bool),
("wlanNotConnectableReason", WLAN_REASON_CODE),
("NumberOfPhyTypes", c_ulong),
("dot11PhyTypes", DOT11_PHY_TYPE * WLAN_MAX_PHY_TYPE_NUMBER),
("MorePhyTypes", c_bool),
("wlanSignalQuality", c_ulong),
("SecurityEnabled", c_bool),
("dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm", DOT11_AUTH_ALGORITHM),
("dot11DefaultCipherAlgorithm", DOT11_CIPHER_ALGORITHM),
("Flags", DWORD),
("Reserved", DWORD)
]
class WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("NumberOfItems", DWORD),
("Index", DWORD),
("Network", WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK * 1)
]
WlanOpenHandle = wlanapi.WlanOpenHandle
WlanOpenHandle.argtypes = (DWORD, c_void_p, POINTER(DWORD), POINTER(HANDLE))
WlanOpenHandle.restype = DWORD
WlanEnumInterfaces = wlanapi.WlanEnumInterfaces
WlanEnumInterfaces.argtypes = (HANDLE, c_void_p,
POINTER(POINTER(WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST)))
WlanEnumInterfaces.restype = DWORD
WlanGetAvailableNetworkList = wlanapi.WlanGetAvailableNetworkList
WlanGetAvailableNetworkList.argtypes = (HANDLE, POINTER(GUID), DWORD, c_void_p,
POINTER(POINTER(WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST)))
WlanGetAvailableNetworkList.restype = DWORD
WlanFreeMemory = wlanapi.WlanFreeMemory
WlanFreeMemory.argtypes = [c_void_p]
if __name__ == '__main__':
NegotiatedVersion = DWORD()
ClientHandle = HANDLE()
ret = WlanOpenHandle(1, None, byref(NegotiatedVersion), byref(ClientHandle))
if ret != ERROR_SUCCESS:
exit(FormatError(ret))
# find all wireless network interfaces
pInterfaceList = pointer(WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST())
ret = WlanEnumInterfaces(ClientHandle, None, byref(pInterfaceList))
if ret != ERROR_SUCCESS:
exit(FormatError(ret))
try:
ifaces = customresize(pInterfaceList.contents.InterfaceInfo,
pInterfaceList.contents.NumberOfItems)
# find each available network for each interface
for iface in ifaces:
print("Interface: {}".format(iface.strInterfaceDescription))
pAvailableNetworkList = pointer(WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST())
ret = WlanGetAvailableNetworkList(ClientHandle,
byref(iface.InterfaceGuid),
0,
None,
byref(pAvailableNetworkList))
if ret != ERROR_SUCCESS:
exit(FormatError(ret))
try:
avail_net_list = pAvailableNetworkList.contents
networks = customresize(avail_net_list.Network,
avail_net_list.NumberOfItems)
for network in networks:
print("SSID: {}, quality: {:2d}%".format(
network.dot11Ssid.SSID[:network.dot11Ssid.SSIDLength].decode(),
network.wlanSignalQuality))
finally:
WlanFreeMemory(pAvailableNetworkList)
finally:
WlanFreeMemory(pInterfaceList)
On linux, you have a couple of choices:
The standard options is to parse the output of iwlist -scan. However, if you are currently connected to a wlan and not running as root, it only returns the currently connected wlan.
If you need more than this, the best way is to query the wireless manager daemon. On modern, linuxes, this is usually NetworkManager, although wicd is becoming more popular. Both of these managers can be queried using dbus. Unless you can control what the clients have on their systems, you might need to support both of these options, or at least one option and have a fallback for iwlist.
If you don't want to deal with Windows API you could use method shown here with a slight modification.
You can use this command:
netsh wlan show networks mode=Bssid
using this code
import subprocess
results = subprocess.check_output(["netsh", "wlan", "show", "network", "mode=Bssid"])
This will give you additiona "Signal" information as a percentage. This can be converted to RSSI using this method.
So.. I based myself on #fmarks code (which was a live-safer for me), and you should add the WlanScan function, or else the RSSI values will not refresh.
Here is my extended code!
All props to #fmarks!
__author__ = 'Pedro Gomes'
import time
from ctypes import *
from ctypes.wintypes import *
from sys import exit
def customresize(array, new_size):
return (array._type_*new_size).from_address(addressof(array))
wlanapi = windll.LoadLibrary('wlanapi.dll')
ERROR_SUCCESS = 0
class GUID(Structure):
_fields_ = [
('Data1', c_ulong),
('Data2', c_ushort),
('Data3', c_ushort),
('Data4', c_ubyte*8),
]
WLAN_INTERFACE_STATE = c_uint
(wlan_interface_state_not_ready,
wlan_interface_state_connected,
wlan_interface_state_ad_hoc_network_formed,
wlan_interface_state_disconnecting,
wlan_interface_state_disconnected,
wlan_interface_state_associating,
wlan_interface_state_discovering,
wlan_interface_state_authenticating) = map(WLAN_INTERFACE_STATE, xrange(0, 8))
class WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("InterfaceGuid", GUID),
("strInterfaceDescription", c_wchar * 256),
("isState", WLAN_INTERFACE_STATE)
]
class WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("NumberOfItems", DWORD),
("Index", DWORD),
("InterfaceInfo", WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO * 1)
]
WLAN_MAX_PHY_TYPE_NUMBER = 0x8
DOT11_SSID_MAX_LENGTH = 32
WLAN_REASON_CODE = DWORD
DOT11_BSS_TYPE = c_uint
(dot11_BSS_type_infrastructure,
dot11_BSS_type_independent,
dot11_BSS_type_any) = map(DOT11_BSS_TYPE, xrange(1, 4))
DOT11_PHY_TYPE = c_uint
dot11_phy_type_unknown = 0
dot11_phy_type_any = 0
dot11_phy_type_fhss = 1
dot11_phy_type_dsss = 2
dot11_phy_type_irbaseband = 3
dot11_phy_type_ofdm = 4
dot11_phy_type_hrdsss = 5
dot11_phy_type_erp = 6
dot11_phy_type_ht = 7
dot11_phy_type_IHV_start = 0x80000000
dot11_phy_type_IHV_end = 0xffffffff
DOT11_AUTH_ALGORITHM = c_uint
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_80211_OPEN = 1
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_80211_SHARED_KEY = 2
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_WPA = 3
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_WPA_PSK = 4
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_WPA_NONE = 5
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_RSNA = 6
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_RSNA_PSK = 7
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_IHV_START = 0x80000000
DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_IHV_END = 0xffffffff
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGORITHM = c_uint
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_NONE = 0x00
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WEP40 = 0x01
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_TKIP = 0x02
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_CCMP = 0x04
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WEP104 = 0x05
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WPA_USE_GROUP = 0x100
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_RSN_USE_GROUP = 0x100
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WEP = 0x101
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_IHV_START = 0x80000000
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_IHV_END = 0xffffffff
WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_CONNECTED = 1
WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_HAS_PROFILE = 2
WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_INCLUDE_ALL_ADHOC_PROFILES = 0x00000001
WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_INCLUDE_ALL_MANUAL_HIDDEN_PROFILES = 0x00000002
class DOT11_SSID(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("SSIDLength", c_ulong),
("SSID", c_char * DOT11_SSID_MAX_LENGTH)
]
class WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("ProfileName", c_wchar * 256),
("dot11Ssid", DOT11_SSID),
("dot11BssType", DOT11_BSS_TYPE),
("NumberOfBssids", c_ulong),
("NetworkConnectable", c_bool),
("wlanNotConnectableReason", WLAN_REASON_CODE),
("NumberOfPhyTypes", c_ulong),
("dot11PhyTypes", DOT11_PHY_TYPE * WLAN_MAX_PHY_TYPE_NUMBER),
("MorePhyTypes", c_bool),
("wlanSignalQuality", c_ulong),
("SecurityEnabled", c_bool),
("dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm", DOT11_AUTH_ALGORITHM),
("dot11DefaultCipherAlgorithm", DOT11_CIPHER_ALGORITHM),
("Flags", DWORD),
("Reserved", DWORD)
]
class WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("NumberOfItems", DWORD),
("Index", DWORD),
("Network", WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK * 1)
]
DOT11_MAC_ADDRESS = c_ubyte * 6
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGORITHM = c_uint
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_NONE = 0x00
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WEP40 = 0x01
DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_TKIP = 0x02
DOT11_PHY_TYPE = c_uint
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_UNKNOWN = 0
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_ANY = 0
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_FHSS = 1
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_DSSS = 2
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_IRBASEBAND = 3
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_OFDM = 4
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_HRDSSS = 5
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_ERP = 6
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_HT = 7
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_IHV_START = 0X80000000
DOT11_PHY_TYPE_IHV_END = 0XFFFFFFFF
class WLAN_RATE_SET(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("uRateSetLength", c_ulong),
("usRateSet", c_ushort * 126)
]
class WLAN_BSS_ENTRY(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("dot11Ssid",DOT11_SSID),
("uPhyId",c_ulong),
("dot11Bssid", DOT11_MAC_ADDRESS),
("dot11BssType", DOT11_BSS_TYPE),
("dot11BssPhyType", DOT11_PHY_TYPE),
("lRssi", c_long),
("uLinkQuality", c_ulong),
("bInRegDomain", c_bool),
("usBeaconPeriod",c_ushort),
("ullTimestamp", c_ulonglong),
("ullHostTimestamp",c_ulonglong),
("usCapabilityInformation",c_ushort),
("ulChCenterFrequency", c_ulong),
("wlanRateSet",WLAN_RATE_SET),
("ulIeOffset", c_ulong),
("ulIeSize", c_ulong)]
class WLAN_BSS_LIST(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("TotalSize", DWORD),
("NumberOfItems", DWORD),
("NetworkBSS", WLAN_BSS_ENTRY * 1)
]
class WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST_BSS(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("TotalSize", DWORD),
("NumberOfItems", DWORD),
("Network", WLAN_BSS_ENTRY * 1)
]
WlanOpenHandle = wlanapi.WlanOpenHandle
WlanOpenHandle.argtypes = (DWORD, c_void_p, POINTER(DWORD), POINTER(HANDLE))
WlanOpenHandle.restype = DWORD
WlanCloseHandle = wlanapi.WlanCloseHandle
WlanCloseHandle.argtypes = (HANDLE, c_void_p)
WlanCloseHandle.restype = DWORD
WlanEnumInterfaces = wlanapi.WlanEnumInterfaces
WlanEnumInterfaces.argtypes = (HANDLE, c_void_p,
POINTER(POINTER(WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST)))
WlanEnumInterfaces.restype = DWORD
WlanGetAvailableNetworkList = wlanapi.WlanGetAvailableNetworkList
WlanGetAvailableNetworkList.argtypes = (HANDLE, POINTER(GUID), DWORD, c_void_p,
POINTER(POINTER(WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST)))
WlanGetAvailableNetworkList.restype = DWORD
WlanGetNetworkBssList = wlanapi.WlanGetNetworkBssList
WlanGetNetworkBssList.argtypes = (HANDLE, POINTER(GUID),POINTER(GUID),POINTER(GUID), c_bool, c_void_p,
POINTER(POINTER(WLAN_BSS_LIST)))
WlanGetNetworkBssList.restype = DWORD
WlanFreeMemory = wlanapi.WlanFreeMemory
WlanFreeMemory.argtypes = [c_void_p]
WlanScan = wlanapi.WlanScan
WlanScan.argtypes = (HANDLE, POINTER(GUID),c_void_p,c_void_p, c_void_p)
WlanScan.restype = DWORD
def get_interface():
NegotiatedVersion = DWORD()
ClientHandle = HANDLE()
ret = WlanOpenHandle(1, None, byref(NegotiatedVersion), byref(ClientHandle))
if ret != ERROR_SUCCESS:
exit(FormatError(ret))
# find all wireless network interfaces
pInterfaceList = pointer(WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST())
ret = WlanEnumInterfaces(ClientHandle, None, byref(pInterfaceList))
if ret != ERROR_SUCCESS:
exit(FormatError(ret))
try:
ifaces = customresize(pInterfaceList.contents.InterfaceInfo,
pInterfaceList.contents.NumberOfItems)
# find each available network for each interface
for iface in ifaces:
#print "Interface: %s" % (iface.strInterfaceDescription)
interface = iface.strInterfaceDescription
finally:
WlanFreeMemory(pInterfaceList)
return interface
class MAC_BSSID_POWER:
"""Classe para os valores retirados"""
def __init__(self, mac, bssid):
self.mac = str(mac)
self.bssid = str(bssid)
self.valores = []
def addPower(self,power):
self.valores.append(int(power))
def getBssid(self):
return self.bssid
def getPowers(self):
return self.valores
def getMac(self):
return self.mac
def get_BSSI():
BSSI_Values={}
NegotiatedVersion = DWORD()
ClientHandle = HANDLE()
ret = WlanOpenHandle(1, None, byref(NegotiatedVersion), byref(ClientHandle))
if ret != ERROR_SUCCESS:
exit(FormatError(ret))
# find all wireless network interfaces
pInterfaceList = pointer(WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST())
ret = WlanEnumInterfaces(ClientHandle, None, byref(pInterfaceList))
if ret != ERROR_SUCCESS:
exit(FormatError(ret))
try:
ifaces = customresize(pInterfaceList.contents.InterfaceInfo,
pInterfaceList.contents.NumberOfItems)
# find each available network for each interface
for iface in ifaces:
# print "Interface: %s" % (iface.strInterfaceDescription)
pAvailableNetworkList2 = pointer(WLAN_BSS_LIST())
ret2 = WlanGetNetworkBssList(ClientHandle,
byref(iface.InterfaceGuid),
None,
None,True,None,
byref(pAvailableNetworkList2))
if ret2 != ERROR_SUCCESS:
exit(FormatError(ret2))
try:
retScan = WlanScan(ClientHandle,byref(iface.InterfaceGuid),None,None,None)
if retScan != ERROR_SUCCESS:
exit(FormatError(retScan))
avail_net_list2 = pAvailableNetworkList2.contents
networks2 = customresize(avail_net_list2.NetworkBSS,
avail_net_list2.NumberOfItems)
for network in networks2:
SSID = str(network.dot11Ssid.SSID[:network.dot11Ssid.SSIDLength])
BSSID = ':'.join('%02x' % b for b in network.dot11Bssid).upper()
signal_strength = str(network.lRssi)
# print "SSID: " + SSID + " BSSID: "+ BSSID+ " SS: "+signal_strength
BSSI_Values[BSSID] = [SSID,signal_strength]
#print "Total "+str(len(networks2))
#print BSSI_Values
finally:
WlanFreeMemory(pAvailableNetworkList2)
WlanCloseHandle(ClientHandle,None)
finally:
WlanFreeMemory(pInterfaceList)
return BSSI_Values
def get_BSSI_times_and_total_seconds(times,seconds):
BSSI_to_return = {}
for i in range(0,seconds*times):
time_to_sleep = float(1.0/times)
time.sleep(time_to_sleep)
got_bssi_temp = get_BSSI()
for bssi in got_bssi_temp:
if not BSSI_to_return.get(bssi):
BSSI_to_return[bssi] = MAC_BSSID_POWER(bssi,got_bssi_temp[bssi][0])
BSSI_to_return[bssi].addPower( got_bssi_temp[bssi][1] )
#BSSI_to_return[bssi] = [got_bssi_temp[bssi][1]]
else:
BSSI_to_return[bssi].addPower( got_bssi_temp[bssi][1] )
#BSSI_to_return[bssi].append(got_bssi_temp[bssi][1])
print "Medicao "+str(i)+" de "+str(seconds*times)
print BSSI_to_return
return BSSI_to_return
if __name__ == '__main__':
#print get_interface()
import time
test = get_BSSI()
for i in range(0,10):
time.sleep(0.5)
oldTest = test
test = get_BSSI()
print "Teste: "+str(i)
if oldTest == test:
print "IGUAL"
else:
print "DIFERENTE"
print test
print "End"
#fmark I just wanted to say THANK YOU so much for this awesome post. At my work I have been trying to get RSSI from the connected AP in Windows, and you deserve many thanks for me finally getting it done. I'm currently listing all APs, but I'm working on modifying it. I wanted to offer a recommendation towards your code. I'm not very experienced with C or the Python CTypes module, but I think I might have found a possible bug. I'm really not sure what difference it makes, but I noticed:
You define enums like this:
DOT11_BSS_TYPE = c_uint
(dot11_BSS_type_infrastructure,
dot11_BSS_type_independent,
dot11_BSS_type_any) = map(DOT11_BSS_TYPE, xrange(1, 4))
But then other times you define something very similar like this:
DOT11_PHY_TYPE = c_uint
dot11_phy_type_unknown = 0
dot11_phy_type_any = 0
dot11_phy_type_fhss = 1
dot11_phy_type_dsss = 2
dot11_phy_type_irbaseband = 3
dot11_phy_type_ofdm = 4
dot11_phy_type_hrdsss = 5
dot11_phy_type_erp = 6
dot11_phy_type_ht = 7
dot11_phy_type_IHV_start = 0x80000000
dot11_phy_type_IHV_end = 0xffffffff
I think the second snippit should be modeled like the first, but I could be wrong. Here was my idea:
DOT11_PHY_TYPE = c_uint
(dot11_phy_type_unknown,
dot11_phy_type_any,
dot11_phy_type_fhss,
dot11_phy_type_dsss,
dot11_phy_type_irbaseband,
dot11_phy_type_ofdm,
dot11_phy_type_hrdsss,
dot11_phy_type_erp,
dot11_phy_type_ht,
dot11_phy_type_IHV_start,
dot11_phy_type_IHV_end) = map(DOT11_PHY_TYPE,
[0,0,1,2,3,4,
5,6,7,0x80000000,
0xffffffff])
This way those values would get correctly mapped to DOT11_PHY_TYPE. Perhaps I am completely wrong, but for future folks like myself, I just wanted whatever is stumbled on here to be correct :)
Thanks again, #fmark.