Python - Convert timestamp including timezone (+0200) to humanly readable [duplicate] - python

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Convert weird Python date format to readable date
(2 answers)
Closed 7 years ago.
I can't for the life of me figure out how to convert a timestamp on the form 1433140740000+0200 to a datetime object or to any humanly readable representation. Also, what format is this specifically? I'm assuming the +0200 represents a timezone.
I can only seem to find questions regarding timestamps without timezones, such as this answer, where int("1433140740000+0200") would give me an error. Any help is appreciated. Thanks!
Edit: As mentioned in a comment, further examination of the API from which I am getting these values reveals other timestamps with different values for what I thought to represent timezones. E.g: 315529200000+0100. The entire line of data looks like this: "ArrivalTime": "/Date(1433051640000+0200)/", and the full response can be found here.
Second edit: As far as I can tell, the timestamps are unix timestamps, but they're given in milliseconds (hence the trailing zeros), and the +0200 indicates timezone UTC+02:00. So for now, I'll just trim out the extra zeros and the timezone, and convert as shown in the linked question, before adding the timezone manually afterwards. The timestamps with +0100 remain a mystery to me, but I've found they're always the same date, 1/1/1980 12:00am. They also have a different identifier: ActualTime, as opposed to ArrivalTime on the others. Anyway, thanks for the help guys!

You can use string split to remove the timezone
import datetime
intstring = int( ('1433140740000+0200').split('+')[0])
print(
datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(intstring/1000).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
)
I had to change it to this to make it work
intstring /1000

Related

How to specify the format of timestamp in python

I have a dataframe with dates in string format. I convert those dates to timestamp, so that I could use this date column in the later part of the code. Everything is fine with calculations/comparisons etc, but I would like the timestamp to appear in %d.%m.%Y format, as opposed to default %Y-%m-%d. Let me illustrate it -
dt=pd.DataFrame({'date':['09.12.1998','07.04.2014']},index=[1,2])
dt
Out[4]:
date
1 09.12.1998
2 07.04.2014
dt['date_1']=pd.to_datetime(dt['date'],format='%d.%m.%Y')
dt
Out[7]:
date date_1
1 09.12.1998 1998-12-09
2 07.04.2014 2014-04-07
I would like to have dt['date_1'] to de displayed in the same format as dt['date']. I don't wish to use .strftime() function because it will convert the datatype from timestamp to string.
In Nutshell: How can I invoke the python system in displaying the timestamp in the format of my choice(months could be like APR, MAY etc), rather than getting a default format(like 1998-12-09), keeping in mind that the data type remains a timestamp, rather than string?
It seems Pandas didn't implement this option yet:
https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/11501
having a look at https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/options.html looks like you can set the display to achieve some of this, although not all.
display.date_dayfirst When True, prints and parses dates with the day first, eg 20/01/2005
display.date_yearfirst When True, prints and parses dates with the year first, eg 2005/01/20
so you can have dayfirst, but they haven't included names for months.
On a more fundamental level, whenever you're displaying something it is a string, right? I'm not sure why you wouldn't be able to convert it when you're displaying it without having to change the original dataframe.
your code would be:
pd.set_option("display.date_dayfirst", True)
except actually this doesn't work:
https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/11501
the options have been implemented for parsing, but not for displaying.
Hallo Stael/Cezar/Droravr, Thank you all for providing your inputs. I value your time and appreciate your help a lot. Thanks for sharing this link https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/11501 as well. I went through the link and understood that this problem can be broken down to a 'displaying problem' ultimately, as also expounded by jreback. This issue to have the dates displayed to your desired format has been marked as an Enhancement, so probably will be added to future versions.
All I wanted was the have to dates exported as dd-mm-yyy and by just formatting the string while exporting, we could solve this problem.
So, I sorted this issue by exporting the file as -
dt.to_csv(filename, date_format='%d-%m-%Y',index=False).
date date_1
09.12.1998 09-12-1998
07.04.2014 07-04-2014
Thus, this issue stands SOLVED.
Once again, thank you all for your kind help and the precious hours you spent with this issue. Deeply appreciated.

Python Datetime Strptime Error: '-' is a bad directive in format '%-m-%-d-%y %-H:%M:%S'

I know that there have been similar questions asked, but they seemed to have to do with the way datetime deals (or doesn't deal) with timezones.
The setup is a little complicated, and probably not relevant to the problem, but I thought it was important to include the code as is, so a little background:
I've got a dictionary of arrays. Each of these arrays represents an "attempt" by the same person, but taking place at different times. Ultimately I'm going to be looking for the earliest of these dates. This may be a bit of a roundabout solution, but I'm converting all of the dates to datetime objects, finding the earliest and then just using that index to pull out the first attempt:
Here's what the code looks like to setup that array of attempt datetimes:
for key in duplicates_set.keys():
attempt_dates = [datetime.strptime(attempt['Attempt Date'], "%-m-%-d-%y %-H:%M:%S") for attempt in duplicates_set[key]]
Here's the format of what one of the original date strings looks like:
12-5-2016 3:27:58 PM
What I'm getting back is:
ValueError: '-' is a bad directive in format '%-m-%d-%y %-H:%M:%S'
I assume that's referring to the dashes placed before the 'm', 'd' and 'H' because they're non-zero-padded decimals. Why is it telling me that?
%-* -- to skip padding -- is a GNU libc extension. It's not part of POSIX strftime, and thus not guaranteed to be portable to systems where your time-formatting calls aren't eventually backed by GNU's strftime C library function.
The Python datetime module documentation explicitly specifies the format strings it supports, and this extension is not given. Thus, while this is supported in GNU date and GNU strftime(), it isn't available in Python datetime.
I had the same issue;
date: 1/9/21
according to:
https://strftime.org/ the correct format would've been "%-d/%-m/%y"
which gave the bad directive error.
"%d-/%m-/%y" didn't work either.
Weirdly enough what worked was "%d/%m/%y".

Write numpy datetime64 in ISO 8601 with timezone

How can the time zone be controlled when writing numpy datetime64 objects as an ISO 8601 string? Specifically, I would like the time zone to be "+0000", just like the input below. For this very simple example I just want it to print back the original string.
import numpy
print(numpy.datetime64('2014-03-07T17:52:00.000+0000'))
For me, it returns
2014-03-07T12:52:00.000-0500
I am using python 3.4, numpy 1.9.2, and windows.
This question is similar, but the first two answers don't actually answer the question and the third answer is specific to unix.
s = '2014-03-07T17:52:00.000+0000'
print(numpy.datetime64(s).item().replace(tzinfo=pytz.UTC).isoformat('T'))
Thanks to ShadowRanger for getting me going in the right direction. item gets naive datetime from datetime64, then replace time zone with UTC since I know that's what it is in this case, then get it in ISO format with the 'T' separator.
This should work:
import numpy, time, os
os.environ['TZ'] = 'GMT'
time.tzset()
print(numpy.datetime64('2014-03-07T17:52:00.000+0000'))
based on this stackoverflow answer:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/32764078/5915424

timezone conversion from PST -8 0 to its alphabetic name

I have a timezone information saved as "PST -8 0". I want to convert this into its equivalent timezone name e.g. America/Los_Angeles.
Is there any library or API which would be useful in this conversion? I am looking for a BASH command or a PYTHON API for this task.
I am not sure if this conversion is possible first of all and seeking your comments on the same.
While there may be some specific cases where you can do what you are asking, in the general case you cannot, for several reasons:
Time zone abbreviations can be ambiguous. For example, there are 5 different meanings for "CST". See Wikipedia's list of time zone abbreviations.
Time zone abbreviations are not uniform and consistent. Wikipedia's list will probably vary from other lists of abbreviations you may find elsewhere. In some places of the world, there is no abbreviation in use, and other places argue about what the correct abbreviation should be.
Time zone offsets do not fully represent a time zone. Pacific time is not -8. It's -8 in the winter and -7 in the summer. It changes for daylight saving time.
Many different time zone identifiers in the tzdb share the same offsets at certain point in time, and sometimes even share the same abbreviations. For the example you gave, the result could just as easily be America/Vancouver instead of America/Los_Angeles. In some cases, the various zones that could match will be significantly different for different points in time. Refer to the list of tzdb zones on Wikipedia, which includes their offsets.
Check out pytz for a Python API to the Olson timezone database.
As mentioned in the comments, the "PST" part is probably not reliable.
Using pytz you can bruteforce the problem, in a way. If we assume you want to resolve the numerical part of the input, and ignore whatever string precedes it, it could look something like this:
import pytz
import re
from datetime import datetime
def find_timezone_name(input):
match = re.match(r'.*([+-]\d+) (\d+)', input)
if match:
offset = int(match.group(1))+int(match.group(2))/10.0
else:
raise ValueError('Unexpected input format')
refdate = datetime.now()
for tzname in pytz.common_timezones:
tzinfo = pytz.timezone(tzname)
tzoffset = tzinfo.utcoffset(refdate)
if offset == tzoffset.total_seconds()/3600:
return tzname
return "Unknown"
print(find_timezone_name('PST -8 0'))
If you want to restrict the timezones to a specific list you can replace pytz.common_timezones with something else and/or apply some other type of logic if you have additional input data that would help your selection process.
Of course, you can adapt the regex to accommodate additional input variants.
Finally make sure you take in consideration the points mentioned by Matt Johnson in his answer to this same question.

Python script: convert random date formats to fixed yyyy-mm-dd

I'm quite new to python and don't know much about it but i need to make a small script that when someone inputs a date in any format , it would then converts it in to yyyy-mm-dd format.
The script should be able to share elements of the entered date, and identify patterns.
It might be easy and obvious to some but making one by my self is over my head.
Thanks in advance!
This is a difficult task to do yourself; you might want to take a look at dateutil which has a rather robust parse() method that you can use to try and parse arbitrarily formatted date strings.
You can do something like this (not tested)
import locale
import datetime
...
parsedDate = datetime.strptime(your_string, locale.D_FMT)
print datetime.strftime(parsedDate, "%Y-%M-%d")
This assumes that the user will use its own local convention for dates.
You can use strftime for output (your format is "%Y-%M-%d").
For parsing input there's a corresponding function - strptime. But you won't be able to handle "any format". You have to know what you're getting in the first place. Otherwise you wouldn't be able to tell a difference between (for example) American and other dates. What does 01.02.03 mean for example? This could be:
yy.mm.dd
dd.mm.yy
mm.dd.yy

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