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Nested data get request Django

I would like to know how to get data when I am using a foreign key. I mean, I have a many-to-one relation, but when I get data I don’t receive the response how I would like it.
class AsigManager(models.Manager):
def get_by_natural_key(self, Nom_Asig, horario):
return self.get(Nom_Asig=Nom_Asig, horario=horario)
class ProfManager(models.Manager):
def get_by_natural_key(self, Nombre, profesion):
return self.get(Nombre=Nombre, profesion=profesion)
class Asignatura(models.Model):
Nom_Asig = models.CharField(max_length=200)
horario = models.CharField(max_length=200)
objects = AsigManager()
class Meta:
unique_together = [['Nom_Asig', 'horario']]
class Profesor(models.Model):
asignatura = models.ForeignKey(Asignatura, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
Nombre = models.CharField(max_length=200)
profesion = models.CharField(max_length=200)
objects = AsigManager()
class Meta:
unique_together = [['Nombre', 'profesion']]
class ProfesorView(View):
def get(self, request):
profe = list(Profesor.objects.values())
if len(profe)>0:
datos = {'message':'Succes','Profesores: ':profe}
else:
datos = {'message':'Profesor Not Found...'}
return JsonResponse(datos)
But I would like to get the Asignatura data when I get the Professor data, such as an object or a list inside the Professor request.

Django Models create a task for all users

I'm trying to build a webapp where the same task is given to all users, and when the users complete the task they can mark it as completed, to do so I added a 'status' bool that is set to true when the 'task' is not complete, and with a button the user can set it to false, the problem is that when I use a many-to-many field, if one user changes the 'status', it changes for everyone.
I also tried using a Foreignkey but when I use a Foreignkey I have to create a task for every user.
What I want is to create a task, assign it to all users, and then all the users can interact with the task without affecting what other users see.
These are the models that I created(it's in spanish):
class Usuario(AbstractUser):
pass
class Tps(models.Model):
users = models.ForeignKey(Usuario, on_delete=CASCADE)
titulo = models.CharField(max_length=100)
TECNOLOGIA_DE_LA_FABRICACION = 'TDF'
MANTENIMIENTO_Y_REPARACION_DE_EQUIPOS = 'MYRDE'
MAQUINAS_ELECTRICAS_Y_ENSAYOS = 'MEYE'
SEGURIDAD_E_HIGIENE_INDUSTRIAL = 'SEHI'
LABORATORIO_DE_ENSAYOS_INDUSTRIALES = 'LDEI'
INSTALACIONES_INDUSTRIALES = 'II'
RELACIONES_HUMANAS = 'RH'
TALLER_DE_ELECTROMECANICA = 'TE'
ORGANIZACION_INDUSTRIAL = 'OI'
INSTALACIONES_ELECTRICAS = 'IE'
EDUCACION_FISICA = 'EF'
EQUIPOS_Y_APARATOS_DE_MANIOBRA_Y_TRANSPORTE = 'EYADMYT'
MATERIAS_CHOICES = [
(TECNOLOGIA_DE_LA_FABRICACION, 'Tecnologia de la fabricación'),
(MANTENIMIENTO_Y_REPARACION_DE_EQUIPOS, 'Mantenimiento y R de equipos'),
(MAQUINAS_ELECTRICAS_Y_ENSAYOS, 'Máquinas eléctricas y ensayos'),
(SEGURIDAD_E_HIGIENE_INDUSTRIAL, 'Seguridad e higiene industrial'),
(LABORATORIO_DE_ENSAYOS_INDUSTRIALES,
'Laboratorio de ensayos industriales'),
(INSTALACIONES_INDUSTRIALES, 'Instalaciones industriales'),
(RELACIONES_HUMANAS, 'Relaciones humanas'),
(TALLER_DE_ELECTROMECANICA, 'Taller de electromecánica'),
(ORGANIZACION_INDUSTRIAL, 'Organización industrial'),
(INSTALACIONES_ELECTRICAS, 'Instalaciones eléctricas'),
(EDUCACION_FISICA, 'Educacion fisica'),
(EQUIPOS_Y_APARATOS_DE_MANIOBRA_Y_TRANSPORTE,
'Equipos y aparatos de maniobra y transporte')
]
materia = models.CharField(
max_length=8, choices=MATERIAS_CHOICES, default=None)
fecha_actual = models.DateField(default=timezone.now)
fecha_entrega = models.DateField(auto_now=False, auto_now_add=False)
material = models.URLField()
consignas = models.URLField()
status = models.BooleanField(default=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.titulo

I think you should use an intermediate table and make the relationship with the through attribute, so you could make a table like this:
class Tps(models.Model):
users = models.ForeignKey(Usuario, on_delete=CASCADE, through='TaskDone')
class TaskDone(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(Usuario, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
tps = models.ForeignKey(Tps, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
status = models.BooleanField(default=True)

How to save a nested relationship in django rest framework?

I am trying to save a nested relationship in Django REST Framework following the Django REST Framework guide but I couldn't do that.
I have a class "Asiento" which is a foregin key for another class "Apunte". When I get every "Asiento" Django REST Framework returns them and all of their "Apunte" objects. This works, but when I try to create/update an "Asiento" with writable nested serializers I get that AsientoSerializer(data=data).is_valid() == False.
My models:
class Apunte(TxerpadBase):
debe = models.DecimalField(null=True, blank=True, max_digits=18, decimal_places=6)
haber = models.DecimalField(null=True, blank=True, max_digits=18, decimal_places=6)
cuenta = models.ForeignKey(Cuenta, related_name='mayor', on_delete=models.PROTECT)
partner = models.ForeignKey(Partner, null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.PROTECT)
asiento = models.ForeignKey(Asiento, related_name='apuntes')
fecha = models.DateField()
recc = models.BooleanField(blank=True, default=False)
conciliacion = models.ForeignKey('Conciliacion', null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
estado = FSMField(default='borrador')
class Asiento(TxerpadBase):
numero = models.PositiveIntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
fecha = models.DateField(blank=True, default=datetime.datetime.now)
libro = models.ForeignKey('Libro', on_delete=models.PROTECT)
periodo = models.ForeignKey(Periodo, on_delete=models.PROTECT)
estado = FSMField(default='borrador')
My serializers:
class ApunteSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
fecha = serializers.DateField(
format='%d-%m-%Y', input_formats=('%d-%m-%Y',),
error_messages={'invalid': 'La fecha del apunte no esta en el formato correcto.'}
)
class Meta:
model = Apunte
class AsientoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
fecha = serializers.DateField(
format='%d-%m-%Y', input_formats=('%d-%m-%Y',),
error_messages={'invalid': 'La fecha del asiento no esta en el formato correcto.'}
)
apuntes = ApunteSerializer(many=True)
class Meta:
model = Asiento
def create(self, data):
apuntes_data = data['apuntes']
asiento_data = data
asiento_data['fecha'] = datetime.datetime.strptime(asiento_data['fecha'], '%d-%m-%Y').date()
del asiento_data['apuntes']
asiento = Asiento.objects.create(**asiento_data)
for apunte in apuntes_data:
apunte['fecha'] = datetime.datetime.strptime(apunte['fecha'], '%d-%m-%Y').date()
Apunte.objects.create(asiento=asiento, **apunte)
My viewset:
class AsientoViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Asiento.objects.all()
serializer_class = AsientoSerializer
def create(self, validated_data):
# JSON dictionary is inside validated_data.data
serializer = AsientoSerializer(data=validated_data.data)
if serializer.is_valid():
return Response(serializer.data)
else:
raise AttributeError('Error al validar')
This is JSON that I send with my request:
{
u'name': u'prueba 3000',
u'periodo': 13,
u'fecha': u'18-02-2016',
u'numero': None,
u'estado': u'borrador',
u'libro': 1,
u'apuntes': [
{
u'name': u'a',
u'recc': False,
u'debe': u'1',
u'haber': u'0.00',
u'cuenta': u'5',
u'partner': 8, u'fecha':
u'18-02-2016',
u'conciliacion': u''
}
]
}
If I debug the code only "create" method which executes is viewset's method, but it doesn't run "create" method from serializer.
With this code I can't save an "Asiento" neither an "Apunte". What am I doing wrong? Thank you for any answere!
I am using python 2.7 (I can't update it for external reasons) and Django REST Framework 3.3.2.

First thing you should do in case of invalid serialization is to look at the returned message (serializer.data). It'll help you understand what's going wrong.
My blind guess here is that you're missing the queryset argument relating to the nested serializer. If not set, DRF will consider those fields as read only.
Edit: After the OP edition, the issue comes from the viewset.
You need to call serializer.save() if the serializer is valid.
Have a look at how the CreateMixin does it.

Ok, I found that my problem was that "asiento" attribute in "Apunte" object can't be null and I wasn't sending it. Now, I have changed "asiento" attribute in "Apunte" object and serializer finally works, and it is no needed "create" method on ViewSet.
Thanks to everyone for your answeres.

Not sure if thats the solution. But the create method of a serializer has to return the created object.
Try adding return to your last line

Django forms not saving to DB

I'm writing an app that has an HTML page which must be capable of saving data into 2 models. I've created two separate forms and referenced them in the view, however the information is not saving into the DB.
Here are the views.py
def nuevoingreso(request):
if request.method == "POST":
formingreso = NuevoIngreso(request.POST)
formprodingreso = NuevoProdIngreso(request.POST)
if formingreso.is_valid():
ingreso = formingreso.save(commit=False)
ingreso.idUser = request.user
ingreso.Condominio = get_object_or_404(Condominios, idCondominio=request.session["idCondominio"])
ingreso.save()
ingresoprod = formprodingreso.save()
for i in range(5):
if ProductosIngresos.SubtotalP != "" and ProductosIngresos.IvaP != "" and ProductosIngresos.TotalP != "":
ingresoprod.ProductosIngresos(Concepto=request.POST.get("Concepto"+str(i), ""), SubtotalP=request.POST.get("SubtotalP"+str(i), ""), IvaP=request.POST.get("IvaP"+str(i), ""), TotalP=request.POST.get("TotalP"+str(i), ""))
ingresoprod.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect("/propiedades/")
else:
return render(request, "immovelc/nuevoingreso.html",
{"formingreso": formingreso, "formprodingreso": formprodingreso})
propiedadesing = PropiedadesCond.objects.all()
context = ({"propiedadesing": propiedadesing})
return render(request, "immovelc/nuevoingreso.html", context)
forms.py
class NuevoIngreso(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Ingresos
fields = ["Numero", "Persona", "Fecha", "Observaciones", "Cobrado", "Subtotal", "Iva", "Total"]
def clean(self):
Numero = self.cleaned_data["Numero"]
Persona = self.cleaned_data["Persona"]
Fecha = self.cleaned_data["Fecha"]
if not Numero:
raise forms.ValidationError("El campo de numero es obligatorio")
if not Persona:
raise forms.ValidationError("El campo de cliente es obligatorio")
if not Fecha:
raise forms.ValidationError("El campo de fecha es obligatorio")
class NuevoProdIngreso(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = ProductosIngresos
fields = ["Concepto", "SubtotalP", "IvaP", "TotalP"]
models.py
class Ingresos(models.Model):
idIngreso = models.AutoField(primary_key=True, null=False, max_length=15)
idCondominio = models.ForeignKey(Condominios)
idUser = models.ForeignKey(User)
Numero = models.CharField(max_length=100)
Persona = models.CharField(max_length=250, default="Ninguno")
Cobrado = models.CharField(max_length=100, default=0)
Observaciones = models.TextField(default="Ninguna")
Fecha = models.DateField()
Subtotal = models.CharField(max_length=100)
Iva = models.CharField(max_length=100)
Total = models.CharField(max_length=100)
def __unicode__(self):
return unicode(self.idIngreso)
class ProductosIngresos(models.Model):
idProductoIngreso = models.AutoField(primary_key=True, null=False, max_length=15)
idIngreso = models.ForeignKey(Ingresos)
Concepto = models.CharField(max_length=500)
SubtotalP = models.CharField(max_length=100)
IvaP = models.CharField(max_length=100)
TotalP = models.CharField(max_length=100)
def __unicode__(self):
return unicode(self.idProductoIngreso)
Thanks!

No offence, but this code is far from being correct.
Besides you've got many errors that you might want to remove.
Errors:
formprodingreso.is_valid() is never called
inside for i in range(5) you use a class as if it was an instance (ProductosIngresos.SubtotalP)
clean method in form has to be outside the Meta block
I believe what you want inside the loop is:
producto_ingreso = ProductosIngresos()
producto_ingreso.idIngreso = ingreso # better change to producto_ingreso.ingreso
producto_ingreso.Concepto=request.POST.get("Concepto"+str(i), "") # producto_ingreso.concepto
producto_ingreso.SubtotalP=request.POST.get("SubtotalP"+str(i), "") # producto_ingreso.subtotal_p
producto_ingreso.IvaP=request.POST.get("IvaP"+str(i), "")
producto_ingreso.TotalP=request.POST.get("TotalP"+str(i), ""))
producto_ingreso.save()
To make it cleaner, you can make this king of logic overridding the save() method of ModelForm. Or use inline formsets.
Confusion:
Model FKs are objects in Django, not integers. Better name them like condominio instead of idCondominio
Decimal columns (subtotal, iva, total) should be declared as deciaml i.e. models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)
clean method is intended for cross field validation (more than one field). Only one field should be validated by clean_numero f.e.
Over complication:
models have ID/PK by default, no need to explicit them (referenced as self.id or self.pk)
model unicode function is not giving any info
clean and ValidationError are superflous: modelform checks if attributes are requiered automatically
Convention errors:
attributes are always written_in_lowercase (SubtotalP -> subtotal_p)
I would seriously try to fix all of those if you dont want the developers maintaining your code hate you and make some voodoo on you.

Cannot assign "5809L": "PedidoComissao.artista" must be a "Cliente" instance

I have a model like below:
class PedidoComissao(models.Model):
artista = models.ForeignKey(Cliente, verbose_name='Artista')
pedido = models.ForeignKey(Pedido)
pedidoitem = models.ForeignKey(PedidoItem, verbose_name='Arte')
valor_receber = models.DecimalField(max_digits=11, decimal_places=2)
data_pagamento = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=False)
status = models.BooleanField(default=False)
origem_venda = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=30)
class Meta:
verbose_name, verbose_name_plural = u'Comissão', u'Comissões'
When I try to insert data with a code like below:
comissao = PedidoComissao(artista = produto.artista_id,
pedido = pedido,
pedidoitem = item,
valor_receber = valor_receber,
origem_venda = origem_venda)
comissao.save()
I get an error like this:
Cannot assign "5809L": "PedidoComissao.artista" must be a "Cliente" instance.
What am I supposed to do?

artista = produto.artista_id
should probably be
artista = Cliente.objects.get(produto.artista_id)
but its hard to tell exactly,since we dont know what produto is
the problem is your model expects an actual Cliente instance not just its id ...

You are doing PedidoComissao(artista=produto.artista_id, ...), but artista should be an instance of the model class, not the id. You can either do PedidoComissao(artista_id=produto.artista_id, ...) or PedidoComissao(artista=produto.artista, ...)