I have written the Python script below to find the last modified date of a file:
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(folder_path):
for f in files:
last_modified = datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(f)).day
#do something
This code works fine for normal files like .txt files. However, if it encounters files with extensions like .tar.gz or .run, it throws an error saying "No such file or directory" when finding last_modified.
* EDIT *
I realized that, if I change the code as below, it works fine.
for f in files:
name = os.path.join(root, f)
last_modified = datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(name)).day
#do something
But why does this happen?
os.walk return filenames relative to the folder it is walking. E.g. if it is walking a directory called foo with a file called bar, it will return bar, not foo/bar. However, since your script (presumably) is not in the folder os is walking, it needs an absolute path, or a path relative to itself. Therefore, you must join the folder path to the filename, so that python can find the file.
As the docs say:
Note that the names in the lists contain no path components. To get a full path (which begins with top) to a file or directory in dirpath, do os.path.join(dirpath, name).
Why it happens to work with the text files I'm not sure. Do you have text files with the same name in the folder containing your script?
Related
Say I have a directory.
In this directory there are single files as well as folders.
Some of those folders could also have subfolders, etc.
What I am trying to do is find all of the files in this directory that start with "Incidences" and read each csv into a pandas data frame.
I am able to loop through all the files and get the names, but cannot read them into data frames.
I am getting the error that "___.csv" does not exist, as it might not be directly in the directory, but rather in a folder in another folder in that directory.
I have been trying the attached code.
inc_files2 = []
pop_files2 = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
for f in files:
if f.startswith('Incidence'):
inc_files2.append(f)
elif f.startswith('Population Count'):
pop_files2.append(f)
for file in inc_files2:
inc_frames2 = map(pd.read_csv, inc_files2)
for file in pop_files2:
pop_frames2 = map(pd.read_csv, pop_files2)
You are adding only file name to the lists, not their path. You can use something like this to add paths instead:
inc_files2.append(os.path.join(root, f))
You have to add the path from the root directory where you are
Append the entire pathname, not just the bare filename, to inc_files2.
You can use os.path.abspath(f) to read the full path of a file.
You can make use of this by making the following changes to your code.
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
for f in files:
f_abs = os.path.abspath(f)
if f.startswith('Incidence'):
inc_files2.append(f_abs)
elif f.startswith('Population Count'):
pop_files2.append(f_abs)
What I want to do is iterate through folders in a directory and in each folder find a file 'fileX' which I want to give to a method which itself needs the file name as a parameter to open it and get a specific value from it. So 'method' will extract some value from 'fileX' (the file name is the same in every folder).
My code looks something like this but I always get told that the file I want doesn't exist which is not the case:
import os
import xy
rootdir =r'path'
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(rootdir):
for file in files:
gain = xy.method(fileX)
print gain
Also my folders I am iterating through are named like 'folderX0', 'folderX1',..., 'folderX99', meaning they all have the same name with increasing ending numbers. It would be nice if I could tell the program to ignore every other folder which might be in 'path'.
Thanks for the help!
os.walk returns file and directory names relative to the root directory that it gives. You can combine them with os.path.join:
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(rootdir):
for file in files:
gain = xy.method(os.path.join(root, file))
print gain
See the documentation for os.walk for details:
To get a full path (which begins with top) to a file or directory in dirpath, do os.path.join(dirpath, name).
To trim it to ignore any folders but those named folderX, you could do something like the following. When doing os.walk top down (the default), you can delete items from the dirs list to prevent os.walk from looking in those directories.
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(rootdir):
for dir in dirs:
if not re.match(r'folderX[0-9]+$', dir):
dirs.remove(dir)
for file in files:
gain = xy.method(os.path.join(root, file))
print gain
I have read quite a few links on the site saying to use "os.path.abspath(#filename)". This method isn't exactly working for me. I am writing a program that will be able to search a given directory for files with certain extensions, save the name and absolute path as keys and values (respectively) into a dictionary, and then use the absolute path to open the files and make the edits that are required. The problem I am having is that when I use os.path.abspath() it isn't returning the full path.
Let's say my program is on the desktop. I have a file stored at "C:\Users\Travis\Desktop\Test1\Test1A\test.c". My program can easily locate this file, but when I use os.path.abspath() it returns "C:\Users\Travis\Desktop\test.c" which is the absolute path of where my source code is stored, but not the file I was searching for.
My exact code is:
import os
Files={}#Dictionary that will hold file names and absolute paths
root=os.getcwd()#Finds starting point
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
for file in files:
if file.endswith('.c'):#Look for files that end in .c
Files[file]=os.path.abspath(file)
Any tips or advice as to why it may be doing this and how I can fix it? Thanks in advance!
os.path.abspath() makes a relative path absolute relative to the current working directory, not to the file's original location. A path is just a string, Python has no way of knowing where the filename came from.
You need to supply the directory yourself. When you use os.walk, each iteration lists the directory being listed (root in your code), the list of subdirectories (just their names) and a list of filenames (again, just their names). Use root together with the filename to make an absolute path:
Files={}
cwd = os.path.abspath(os.getcwd())
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(cwd):
for file in files:
if file.endswith('.c'):
Files[file] = os.path.join(root, os.path.abspath(file))
Note that your code only records the one path for each unique filename; if you have foo/bar/baz.c and foo/spam/baz.c, it depends on the order the OS listed the bar and spam subdirectories which one of the two paths wins.
You may want to collect paths into a list instead:
Files={}
cwd = os.path.abspath(os.getcwd())
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(cwd):
for file in files:
if file.endswith('.c'):
full_path = os.path.join(root, os.path.abspath(file))
Files.setdefault(file, []).append(full_path)
Per the docs for os.path.join,
If any component is an absolute path, all previous components (on
Windows, including the previous drive letter, if there was one) are
thrown away
So, for example, if the second argument is an absolute path, the first path, '/a/b/c' is discarded.
In [14]: os.path.join('/a/b/c', '/d/e/f')
Out[14]: '/d/e/f'
Therefore,
os.path.join(root, os.path.abspath(file))
will discard root no matter what it is, and return os.path.abspath(file) which will tack file on to the current working directory, which will not necessarily be the same as root.
Instead, to form the absolute path to the file:
fullpath = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(root, file))
Actually, I believe the os.path.abspath is unnecessary, since I believe root will always be absolute, but my reasoning for that depends on the source code for os.walk not just the documented (guaranteed) behavior of os.walk. So to be absolutely sure (pun intended), use os.path.abspath.
import os
samefiles = {}
root = os.getcwd()
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
for file in files:
if file.endswith('.c'):
fullpath = os.path.join(root, file)
samefiles.setdefault(file, []).append(fullpath)
print(samefiles)
Glob is useful in these cases, you can do:
files = {f:os.path.join(os.getcwd(), f) for f in glob.glob("*.c")}
to get the same result
I have this script, which I have no doubt is flawed:
import fnmatch, os, sys
def findit (rootdir, find, pattern):
for folder, dirs, files in os.walk(rootdir):
print (folder)
for filename in fnmatch.filter(files,pattern):
with open(filename) as f:
s = f.read()
f.close()
if find in s :
print(filename)
findit(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3])
when I run it I get Errno2, no such file or directory. BUT the file exists. For instance if I execute it by going: findit.py c:\python "folder" *.py it will work just fine, listing all the *.py files which contain the word "folder". BUT if I go findit.py c:\php\projects1 "include" *.php
as an example I get [Errno2] no such file or directory: 'About.php' (for example). But About.php exists. I don't understand what it's doing, or what I'm doing wrong.
If you look at any of the examples for os.walk, you'll see that they all do os.path.join(root, name). You need to do that too.
Why? Quoting from the docs:
filenames is a list of the names of the non-directory files in dirpath. Note that the names in the lists contain no path components. To get a full path (which begins with top) to a file or directory in dirpath, do os.path.join(dirpath, name).
If you just use the filename as a path, it's going to look for a file of the same name in the current working directory. If there's no such file, you'll get a FileNotFoundError. If there is such a file, you'll open and read the wrong file. Only if you happen to be looking inside the current working directory will it work.
There's also another major problem in your code: os.walk walks a directory tree recursively, finding all files in the given top directory, or any subdirectory of top, or any subdirectory of… and so on, yielding once for each directory. But you're not doing anything useful with that (except printing out the folders). Instead, you wait until it finishes, and then use the files from whichever directory it happened to reach last.
If you just want to get a flat listing of the files directly in a directory, use os.listdir, not os.walk. (Or maybe use glob.glob instead of explicitly listing everything then filtering with fnmatch.)
On the other hand, if you want to walk the tree, you have to move your second for loop inside the first one.
You've also got a minor problem: You call f.close() inside a with open(…) as f:, which leads to f being closed twice. This is guaranteed to be completely harmless (at least in 2.5+, including 3.x), but it's still a bad idea.
Putting it together, here's a working version of your code:
def findit (rootdir, find, pattern):
for folder, dirs, files in os.walk(rootdir):
print (folder)
for filename in fnmatch.filter(files,pattern):
pathname = os.path.join(folder, filename)
with open(pathname) as f:
s = f.read()
if find in s:
print(pathname)
You are using a relative filename. But your current directory does not contain the file. And you don't want to search there anyway. Use os.path.join(folder, filename) to make an absolute path.
I'm uploading a zipped folder that contains a folder of text files, but it's not detecting that the folder that is zipped up is a directory. I think it might have something to do with requiring an absolute path in the os.path.isdir call, but can't seem to figure out how to implement that.
zipped = zipfile.ZipFile(request.FILES['content'])
for libitem in zipped.namelist():
if libitem.startswith('__MACOSX/'):
continue
# If it's a directory, open it
if os.path.isdir(libitem):
print "You have hit a directory in the zip folder -- we must open it before continuing"
for item in os.listdir(libitem):
The file you've uploaded is a single zip file which is simply a container for other files and directories. All of the Python os.path functions operate on files on your local file system which means you must first extract the contents of your zip before you can use os.path or os.listdir.
Unfortunately it's not possible to determine from the ZipFile object whether an entry is for a file or directory.
A rewrite or your code which does an extract first may look something like this:
import tempfile
# Create a temporary directory into which we can extract zip contents.
tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
try:
zipped = zipfile.ZipFile(request.FILES['content'])
zipped.extractall(tmpdir)
# Walk through the extracted directory structure doing what you
# want with each file.
for (dirpath, dirnames, filenames) in os.walk(tmpdir):
# Look into subdirectories?
for dirname in dirnames:
full_dir_path = os.path.join(dirpath, dirname)
# Do stuff in this directory
for filename in filenames:
full_file_path = os.path.join(dirpath, filename)
# Do stuff with this file.
finally:
# ... Clean up temporary diretory recursively here.
Usually to make things handle relative paths etc when running scripts you'd want to use os.path.
It seems to me that you're reading from a Zipfile the items you've not actually unzipped it so why would you expect the file/dirs to exist?
Usually I'd print os.getcwd() to find out where I am and also use os.path.join to join with the root of the data directory, whether that is the same as the directory containing the script I can't tell. Using something like scriptdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)).
I'd expect you would have to do something like
libitempath = os.path.join(scriptdir, libitem)
if os.path.isdir(libitempath):
....
But I'm guessing at what you're doing as it's a little unclear for me.