I have this strange problem when following a reference, this code:
for r in range(10):
for c in range(r):
print "",
for c in range(10-r):
print c,
print ""
should print out something like this:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 1 2 3 4
0 1 2 3
0 1 2
0 1
0
but Instead I am getting this:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 1 2 3 4 5
0 1 2 3 4
0 1 2 3
0 1 2
0 1
0
Can anyone explain to me what is causing in indent on right side, it seems so simple but I have no clue what I can do to fix this?
You were printing the leading spaces incorrectly. You were printing empty quotes ("") which is printing only a single space. When you do print c, there is a space printed after c is printed. You should print " " instead to get the correct spacing. This is a very subtle thing to notice.
for r in range(10):
for c in range(r):
print " ", #print it here
for c in range(10-r):
print c,
print ""
Test
If you want to format it just so, it might be better to just let Python do it for you instead of counting explicit and the hidden implicit spaces. See the string formatting docs for what {:^19} means and more.
for i in range(10):
nums = ' '.join(str(x) for x in range(10 - i))
#print '{:^19}'.format(nums) # reproduces your "broken" code
print '{:>19}'.format(nums) # your desired output
Using the print function is a good alternative sometimes, as you can eliminate hidden spaces by setting the keyword argument end to an empty string:
from __future__ import print_function # must be at the top of the file.
# ...
print(x, end='')
You are simply not creating enough indent on the left side (there is no such thing as right side indent while printing).
For every new line you want to increase the indent by two spaces, because you are adding a number+whitespace on the line above. "", automatically adds one whitespace (this is why there is whitespaces between the numbers). Since you need to add two, simply add a whitespace within the quotes, like this: " ",.
The extra whitespace is filling the space of the number in the line above. The comma in "", is only filling the space between the numbers. To clarify: " ", uses the same space as c,, two characters, while "", only uses one character.
Here is your code with the small fix:
for r in range(10):
for c in range(r):
print " ", # added a whitespace here for correct indent
for c in range(10-r):
print c,
print ""
Related
We were asked to print the following output:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 8
9 9
10
I understand that it would require two loops so I tired this:
a = int(input())
i = a
f = 1
while i>0:
for j in range(i):
print(f,end=' ')
f += 1
i -= 1
print('\r')
With this I am getting the desired output, but as soon as I remove the last line of print('\r') the output becomes something like this:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 10
The desired output also comes out when I used print(' ') instead of print('\r'), I don't understand why this is happening?
Ps: I am a noob coder, starting my freshman year, so please go easy on me, if the formatting is not up to the mark, or the code looks bulky.
Probably not helping you so much but the following code produces the expected output:
a = 10
for i, j in enumerate(range(a, 0, -1), 1):
print(*[i] * j)
# Output:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 # i=1, j=10
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 # i=2, j=9
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 # i=3, j=8
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 # i=4, j=7
5 5 5 5 5 5 # i=5, j=6
6 6 6 6 6 # i=6, j=5
7 7 7 7 # i=7, j=4
8 8 8 # i=8, j=3
9 9 # i=9, j=2
10 # i=10, j=1
The two important parameters here are sep (when you print a list) and end as argument of print. Let's try to use it:
a = 10
for i, j in enumerate(range(a, 0, -1), 1):
print(*[i] * j, sep='-', end='\n\n')
# Output:
1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1
2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2-2
3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3
4-4-4-4-4-4-4
5-5-5-5-5-5
6-6-6-6-6
7-7-7-7
8-8-8
9-9
10
Update
Step by step:
# i=3; j=8
>>> print([i])
[3]
>>> print([i] * j)
[3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3]
# print takes an arbitrary number of positional arguments.
# So '*' unpack the list as positional arguments (like *args, **kwargs)
# Each one will be printed and separated by sep keyword (default is ' ')
>>> print(*[i] * j)
To make it all easier and prevent errors, you can simply do this:
n = 10
for i in range(1, n + 1):
txt = str(i) + " " # Generate the characters with space between
print(txt * (n + 1 - i)) # Print the characters the inverse amount of times i.e. 1 10, 10 1
Where it generates the text which is simply the number + a space, then prints it out the opposite amount of times, (11 - current number), i.e. 1 ten times, 10 one time.
I suggest using 2 or 4 spaces for indenting. Let's take a look:
a = int(input())
i = a
f = 1
while i>0:
for j in range(i):
print(f,end=' ')
f += 1
i -= 1
print('\r')
Notice the print(f,end=' ') within the inner loop. the end=' ' bit is important because print() appends a trailing new line \n to every call by default. Using end=' ' instead appends a space.
Now take a look at print('\r'). It does not specify end=' ', so it does still append a newline after each call to print. The fact that you additionally print a \r is inconsequential in this case. You could also just do print().
you can do this way :
rows = 10
b = 0
for i in range(rows, 0, -1):
b += 1
for j in range(1, i + 1):
print(b, end=' ')
print('\r')
No need for multiple loops.
for i in range(1,11):
# concatenate number + a space repeatedly, on the same line
# yes, there is an extra space at the end, which you won't see ;-)
print(f"{i} " * (11-i))
output:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 8
9 9
10
As to what's happening with your code...
A basic Python print prints on a line, meaning that it ends with a line feed (which moves it to the next line).
So, if I take your word for it, you've done all the hard work of say the first line of 10 ones with spaces, when you are done at the following point.
#your code
f += 1
i -= 1
Now, so far you've avoided that line feed by changing the end parameter to print so that it doesn't end with a newline. So you have:
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
And still no line feed. Great!
But if you now start printing 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 , it will just get added to... the end of the previous line, without line feed.
So to force a line feed, you *print anything you want, but without the end parameter being set, so that print now ends with the linefeed it uses by default.
Example:
#without line feed
print("1 " * 3, end=' ')
print("2 " * 2, end=' ')
output:
1 1 1 2 2
Lets try printing something, anything, without a end = ' ')
print("1 " * 3, end=' ')
#now add a line by a print that is NOT using `end = ' '`
print("!")
print("2 " * 2, end=' ')
output:
1 1 1 !
2 2
OK, so now we have a line feed after ! so you jump to the next line when printing the 2s. But you don't want to see anything after the 1s.
Simples, print anything that is invisible.
print("1 " * 3, end=' ')
#now add a line by a print, but using a non-visible character.
#or an empty string. Tabs, spaces, etc... they will all work
print(" ")
print("2 " * 2, end=' ')
output:
1 1 1
2 2
This would also work:
print("1 " * 3, end=' ')
#we could also print a linefeed and end without one...
print("\n", end="")
print("2 " * 2, end=' ')
I am trying to display each of the characters with their quantity
Input Specification
The first line of input contains the number N, which is the number of lines that follow. The next
N lines will contain at least one and at most 80 characters, none of which are spaces.
Output Specification
Output will be N lines. Line i of the output will be the encoding of the line i + 1 of the input.
The encoding of a line will be a sequence of pairs, separated by a space, where each pair is an
integer (representing the number of times the character appears consecutively) followed by a space,
followed by the character.
Sample Input
4
+++===!!!!
777777......TTTTTTTTTTTT
(AABBC)
3.1415555
Output for Sample Input
3 + 3 = 4 !
6 7 6 . 12 T
1 ( 2 A 2 B 1 C 1 )
1 3 1 . 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 5
just use itertools.groupby and format the result: value and length of the group. Join the elements:
import itertools
s = "+++===!!!! 777777......TTTTTTTTTTTT (AABBC) 3.1415555"
result = "".join(["{} {}".format(sum(1 for _ in group),value) for value,group in itertools.groupby(s)])
result:
3 + 3 = 4 ! 1 6 7 6 . 12 T 1 1 ( 2 A 2 B 1 C 1 ) 1 1 3 1 . 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 5
without a key parameter, itertools.groupby just groups identical items into groups, preserving the order. Just count them. Here I chose to not create a list to consume the group (len(list(group))) but just do sum(1 for _ in group)
I'd do something like this:
s = "+++===!!!! 777777......TTTTTTTTTTTT (AABBC) 3.1415555"
d = {char: 0 for char in s}
for char in s:
d[char] += 1
output = "".join([" {} {}".format(value, key) for key, value in d.items()])
# outputs: '3 + 3 = 4 ! 3 6 7 7 . 1 2 T 1 ( 2 A 2 B 1 C 1 ) 1 3 2 1 1 4 4 5'
Since it looks like you aren't looking for total repeating characters, I would suggest reading the string backward and for each character, you want to count how many times it appears as you're iterating through, and once you hit a different character you use the current count for the output. In fact, you could generate your output as you iterate through the string backward.
It might look something like this:
reverse = input[-1:0]
output = ''
count = 0
letter = reverse[0]
for k in range(0, len(reverse)):
if reverse[k] == letter and k != len(reverse) - 1:
count += 1
else:
output = str(count) + ' ' + reverse[k] + ' ' + output
letter = reverse[k]
count = 0
I have a matrix as shown below (taken from a txt file with an argument), and every cell has neighbors. Once you pick a cell, that cell and all neighboring cells that containing the same number will disappear.
1 0 4 7 6 8
0 5 4 4 5 5
2 1 4 4 4 6
4 1 3 7 4 4
I've tried to do this with using recursion. I separated function four parts which are up(), down() , left() and right(). But I got an error message: RecursionError: maximum recursion depth exceeded in comparison
cmd=input("Row,column:")
cmdlist=command.split(",")
row,column=int(cmdlist[0]),int(cmdlist[1])
num=lines[row-1][column-1]
def up(x,y):
if lines[x-2][y-1]==num and x>1:
left(x,y)
right(x,y)
lines[x-2][y-1]=None
def left(x,y):
if lines[x-1][y-2]==num and y>1:
up(x,y)
down(x,y)
lines[x-1][y-2]=None
def right(x,y):
if lines[x-1][y]==num and y<len(lines[row-1]):
up(x,y)
down(x,y)
lines[x-1][y]=None
def down(x,y):
if lines[x][y-1]==num and x<len(lines):
left(x,y)
right(x,y)
lines[x][y-1]=None
up(row,column)
down(row,column)
for i in lines:
print(str(i).strip("[]").replace(",","").replace("None"," "))
When I give the input (3,3) which represents the number of "4", the output must be like this:
1 0 7 6 8
0 5 5 5
2 1 6
4 1 3 7
I don't need fixed code, just the main idea will be enough. Thanks a lot.
Recursion error happens when your recursion does not terminate.
You can solve this without recursing using set's of indexes:
search all indexes that contain the looked for number into all_num_idx
add the index you are currently at (your input) to a set tbd (to be deleted)
loop over the tbd and add all indexed from all_num_idx that differ only in -1/+1 in row or col to any index thats already in the set
do until tbd does no longer grow
delete all indexes from tbd:
t = """4 0 4 7 6 8
0 5 4 4 5 5
2 1 4 4 4 6
4 1 3 7 4 4"""
data = [k.strip().split() for k in t.splitlines()]
row,column=map(int,input("Row,column:").strip().split(";"))
num = data[row][column]
len_r =len(data)
len_c = len(data[0])
all_num_idx = set((r,c) for r in range(len_r) for c in range(len_c) if data[r][c]==num)
tbd = set( [ (row,column)] ) # inital field
tbd_size = 0 # different size to enter while
done = set() # we processed those already
while len(tbd) != tbd_size: # loop while growing
tbd_size=len(tbd)
for t in tbd:
if t in done:
continue
# only 4-piece neighbourhood +1 or -1 in one direction
poss_neighbours = set( [(t[0]+1,t[1]), (t[0],t[1]+1),
(t[0]-1,t[1]), (t[0],t[1]-1)] )
# 8-way neighbourhood with diagonals
# poss_neighbours = set((t[0]+a,t[1]+b) for a in range(-1,2) for b in range(-1,2))
tbd = tbd.union( poss_neighbours & all_num_idx)
# reduce all_num_idx by all those that we already addded
all_num_idx -= tbd
done.add(t)
# delete the indexes we collected
for r,c in tbd:
data[r][c]=None
# output
for line in data:
print(*(c or " " for c in line) , sep=" ")
Output:
Row,column: 3,4
4 0 7 6 8
0 5 5 5
2 1 6
4 1 3 7
This is a variant of a "flood-fill-algorythm" flooding only cells of a certain value. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_fill
Maybe you should replace
def right(x,y):
if lines[x-1][y]==num and y<len(lines[row-1]):
up(x,y)
down(x,y)
lines[x-1][y]=None
by
def right(x,y):
if lines[x-1][y]==num and y<len(lines[row-1]):
lines[x-1][y]=None
up(x - 1,y)
down(x - 1,y)
right(x - 1, y)
and do the same for all the other functions.
Putting lines[x-1][y]=None ensure that your algorithm stops and changing the indices ensure that the next step of your algorithm will start from the neighbouring cell.
this is my code right now:
loop_count = 1
for i in range(mystery_int):
for x in range(1,mystery_int):
print(x*loop_count, end=" ")
print (loop_count)
loop_count+=1
this is what it is supposed to print:
1 2 3 4 5
2 4 6 8 10
3 6 9 12 15
4 8 12 16 20
5 10 15 20 25
But it prints:
1 2 3 4 1
2 4 6 8 2
3 6 9 12 3
4 8 12 16 4
5 10 15 20 5
You need to range till mystery_int + 1 because in range, second argument is exclusive. So, for example, range(1,6) gives numbers from 1 to 5.
Also, I added an empty print() which basically adds a newline to match with desired output.
Using end='\t' further aligns output properly.
loop_count = 1
mystery_int = 5
for i in range(mystery_int):
for x in range(1, mystery_int + 1):
print(x * loop_count, end='\t')
print()
loop_count += 1
the range for x should be range(1,mystery_int+1), and you also incorrectly print loop_count at the end of each line (which I replaced with the empty string, just to produce a newline).
loop_count = 1
for i in range(mystery_int):
for x in range(1,mystery_int+1):
print(x*loop_count, end=" ")
print('')
loop_count+=1
Note that the loop_count variable is not really needed. You could write the program as:
for i in range(1,mystery_int+1):
for x in range(1,mystery_int+1):
print(x*i, end=" ")
print('')
or even better as:
for i in range(1,mystery_int+1):
print(*[x*i for x in range(1,mystery_int+1)], sep=" ")
you are running on two for loops in addition to using another counter, i would recommend sticking only to the loops:
for i in range(1,mystery_int+1):
for x in range(1,mystery_int+1):
print(i*x, end=" ")
print("") # new line
(yes, I've searched all around for a solution, and, if did I see it, I wasn't able to relate to my issue. I'm new to Python, sorry!)
I've got a work to do, and it says to me:
"User will input X and Y. Show a sequence from 1 to Y, with only X elements each line."
e.g
2 4 as entrance
1 2
3 4
e.g 2 6
1 2
3 4
5 6
Okay... So, I thought on doing this:
line, final = input().split()
line = int(line)
final = int(final)
List = []
i = 0
total = (final // line)
spot = 0
correction = 0
k = 1
if i != final:
List = list(range(1, final + 1, 1))
i += 1
while k != total:
spot = line * k + correction
correction += 1
k += 1
list.insert(List, spot, '\n')
print(*List)
Ok. So I managed to build my List from 1 to the "final" var.
Also managed to find on which spots (therefore, var "spot") my new line would be created. (Had to use a correction var and some math to reach it, but it's 10/10)
So far, so good.
The only problem is this work is supposed to be delivered on URI Online Judge, and it DEMANDS that my result shows like this:
2 10 as entrance
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
And, using the code I just posted, I get this as a result:
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
Thus, it says my code is wrong. I've tried everything to remove those spaces (I think). Using sys won't work since it only prints one argument. Tried using join (but I could have done it wrong, as I'm new anyway)
Well, I've tried pretty much anything. Hope anyone can help me.
Thanks in advance :)
You have built a list that includes each necessary character, including the linefeed. Therefore, you have a list like this:
[1, 2, '\n', 3, 4, '\n'...]
When you unpack arguments to print(), it puts a separator between each argument, defaulting to a space. So, it prints 1, then a space, then 2, then a space, then a linefeed, then a space... And that is why you have a space at the beginning of each line.
Instead of inserting linefeeds into a list, chunk that list with iter and next:
>>> def chunks(x, y):
... i = iter(range(1, y+1))
... for row in range(y//x):
... print(*(next(i) for _ in range(x)))
... t = tuple(i)
... if t:
... print(*t)
...
>>> chunks(2, 6)
1 2
3 4
5 6
>>> chunks(2, 7)
1 2
3 4
5 6
7
The problem with the approach you're using is a result of a space being printed after each "\n" character in the series. While the idea was quite clever, unfortunately, I think this means you will have to take a different approach from inserting the newline character into the list.
Try this approach: (EDITED)
x, y = input().split()
x, y = int(x), int(y)
for i in range(1, y+1):
if i % x == 0 or i == y:
print(i)
else:
print(i, end=" ")
Output for 3 11
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
10 11
Output for 2 10
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
Use itertools to take from an iterable in chunks:
>>> import itertools
>>> def print_stuff(x,y):
... it = iter(range(1, y + 1))
... chunk = list(itertools.islice(it,X))
... while chunk:
... print(*chunk)
... chunk = list(itertools.islice(it,X))
...
>>> print_stuff(2,4)
1 2
3 4
>>>
And here:
>>> print_stuff(2,10)
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
>>>
I split user input into two string then convert them into int and comapre if y greater than x by 2 because this is minimum for drawing your sequence
Then i make a list from 1 to y
And iterate over it 2 element for each iteration printing them
x,y=input().split()
if int(y)>int(x)+2:
s=range(1,int(y)+1)
for i in range(0,len(s),2):
print(' '.join(str(d) for d in s[i:i+2]))
result:
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10