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Python/PySide: How to make a widget that will stay on top of the main window, but not cover up other widgets?

So I have a script running inside another program (The Foundry's Hiero) and I'm just making a new QWidget object, and calling self.show()
Now, I can set it to self.setWindowFlags(QtCore.Qt.WindowStaysOnTopHint), so my window will stay on top of the main window, even if you click on something in the main window.
The problem is, this is a sort of popup window that you configure settings in, and it triggers other QWidget popups. If I set my window to WindowStaysOnTopHint, those subdialogs that my widget triggers end up beneath my widget.
Is there a way in PySide/PyQt to make a window stay on top/keep focus from the main application window in particular, but not everything?

You can use the QApplication.focusChanged signal to raise your widget up when Hiero's main window is selected. Then you would just need to remove the WindowStaysOnTopHint flag.
I'm not familiar with Hiero's API, but I'm guessing you could try something like:
def raiseMyWidget(old, new):
if new == hiero.ui.mainWindow():
myWidget.raise_()
QtWidgets.QApplication.instance().focusChanged.connect(raiseMyWidget)
Hope this helps! You can take advantage of the old parameter or some other means to make sure that your widget isn't raised above the others as well.

Turn QPushButton on and off

I have an app in PyQt with a few buttons to shift between modes of the application.
I have the clicked() signals of the buttons linked to the appropriate methods. My problem is that there are other ways to change modes (for instance, loading settings will automatically move the user to their default mode), and I'm using the QPushButtons as indicators of the "active mode". This was previously accomplished by having two icons for each button, one for the button being off and the other for the button being on. It's all been designed in QtDesigner, so clicking on one button turns it on (and turns the other buttons off) and changes the icons appropriately. And when the mouse is released, that button stays on.
The button stays on until another button is pressed.
I'm trying to figure out how I can change a button from "on" to "off" without the user actually pressing the button, so I can change modes appropriately.
The Qt docs make reference to the property I'm looking for but I can't find any more details than the fact that these states exist:
The most important modes or states are:
Available or not (grayed out, disabled).
Standard push button, toggling push button or menu button.
On or off (only for toggling push buttons).
Default or normal. The default button in a dialog can generally be "clicked" using the
Enter or Return key.
Auto-repeat or not.
Pressed down or not.
(http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-5/QPushButton.html)
To be more specific, I'm looking for a way to see the state of a QPushButton; to see whether it is "On" or "Off", and I'm looking for a way to change that state.
EDIT: I found the appropriate method QPushButton.isOn() but the problem is that it's in Qt3. (I'm using Qt5, where this method no longer exists). Clearly it's obsolete now, would anyone happen to know what replaced it?
http://doc.qt.digia.com/3.2/qpushbutton.html#isOn

QPushButton inherits from QAbstractButton and and therefore has the following methods: isChecked, setChecked and isCheckable, setCheckable. This way you can convert the button into a toggle button and ask/set the state. There is also setAutoRepeat and autoRepeat which controls the auto repeat programmatically.
Especially instead of isOn use isChecked.
Furthermore it also inherits from QWidget which has methods isEnabled and setEnabled. With this you can activate/de-active the button which is shown by graying out the button as well as by prohibiting clicks on the button.
Basically just study the documentation for QAbstractButton and QWidget to see how you can programmatically interact with a QPushButton to enable/disable it.

How to hide Gtk widget on clicking outside it?

I have a custom GTK widget (basically an overlay of HBox over a Cairo surface). I wish to hide it when I click outside the widget in the window. Similar to how menus behave.
I tried using grab_focus and wait for the focus-out-event but the widget doesn't grab focus, I think it's not a focusable widget.[1]
[1] https://developer.gnome.org/pygtk/2.24/class-gtkwidget.html#method-gtkwidget--grab-focus

You might have to set the CAN_FOCUS flag, if you want to use the focus_out event.
But if you want to click outside to hide the widget, as is necessary with menus, then you have to connect to events of the area below the widget. You could connect to the button_press event of the window, taking care not to stop event propagation.

How to get clicks on disabled buttons with wxpython?

I have a disabled button, and it does not receive clicks when I use EVT_BUTTON on it. Is there a way to receive clicks even when it has been Disabled()?

The whole point of disabling a button is so that the EVT_BUTTON event is not fired. I'm sure you could create create an ugly hack using EVT_LEFT_DOWN and detecting where the mouse is in your app as a workaround, but why bother? This is intended behavior.

Perhaps wxpython has a mechanism similar to pygtk.
In pygtk you create a input-only (that is transparent) window over the widget you want to get clicks for and get your clicks there.

How to implement a signal/slot defined in Qt Designer

I am trying to connect the click() signal of a button to my own function. The button is in a widget that I created with QT Designer. I load the .ui file with QUiLoader like so:
class MyWidget(QtGui.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, *args):
QtGui.QMainWindow.__init__(self, *args)
loader = QtUiTools.QUiLoader()
file = QtCore.QFile("pyside_ui_qtdesigner_form_test.ui")
file.open(QtCore.QFile.ReadOnly)
self.myWidget = loader.load(file, self)
file.close()
self.setCentralWidget(self.myWidget)
btn = self.myWidget.findChild(QtGui.QPushButton, "HelloWorldButton")
btn.clicked.connect(self.slot1)
def slot1(self):
print "Received"
Is this the correct way to connect to button clicked() signal? I see that I can wire up signals and slots directly in Qt Designer, but how do I prepare and get to such wire-ups in the code?
Side question: The code above works, but the main window shows in the wrong size. How do I ensure that it appears in the right size? Should I do this with minimum height/width constraints?

Use Signals and Slots Editing Mode for connecting predefined Qt signals directly to predefined Qt slots.
So for "Close" button on a simple dialog, you can just drag a connection from the button to the dialog, select the clicked() signal and the reject() slot, click "OK", and there would be nothing more to do.
For signals and/or slots you want to define yourself, you do not need to "prepare" anything in Designer beforehand. Everything should be done in your own code.
Your example already demonstrates this fairly well, but the connection could be done much more simply and cleanly, like this:
self.myWidget.HelloWorldButton.clicked.connect(self.slot1)
As for your main window having the "wrong size": it's difficult to tell from the code you've shown, but it may be because you did not set a layout in the widget that you are loading.
BTW: is there a specific reason you're using QUiLoader? Compiling python modules using pyuic4 is much more flexible, and you can learn a lot from the code that is generated.
EDIT
For me, setting a layout on the main form cures the resizing problem you are talking about.
If you don't know how to do that: in Designer, right-click on a blank part of the main form, and then select Layout/Layout in a Grid from the menu (there's also a button on the toolbar for this).
Once you've done that, resizing the form will automatically stretch it to fit the contained widgets.

I edited the .ui file:
Close QT designer
Edit the .ui in the slot/signal area
Run it