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How do I call a function in vs code using python?

I'll want to know how to call a function in vs code. I read the answer to similar questions, but they don't work:
def userInput(n):
return n*n
userInput(5)
And appends nothing
def Input(n):
return n*n
And in the terminal:
from file import *
from: can't read /var/mail/file
Can somebody help me?

You are doing everything correctly in the first picture. In order to call a function in python on vs code you first have to define the function, which you did by typing def userInput(n):. If you want to see the result of your function, you should not use return, you should use print instead. Return is a keyword- so when your computer reaches the return keyword it attempts to send that value from one point in your code to another. If you want to see the result of your code, typing print (n) would work better.
Your code should look like this:
def userInput(n):
print (n * n)
userInput(5)
The code would print the result 25

Your terminal is your general way to access your operating system, so you have to tell it that you want it to interpret your Python code first.
If you want to run the file you're typing in, you have to first know the location of that file. When you type ls in your terminal, does the name of your Python file show up? If not, hover over the tab in VSCode (it's close to the top of the editor) and see what path appears. Then in your terminal type cd (short for "change directory") and then the path that you saw, minus the <your filename here>.py bit. Type ls again, and you should see your Python file. Now you can type python <your filename here>.py to run it (provided you have Python installed).
You could also run the IDLE by just typing python in your terminal. This will allow you to write your code line-by-line and immediately evaluate it, but it's easier to write in VSCode and then run it with the method I described before.

I am new to python. I tried running a simple while loop but am receiving syntax error

I tried running the below code but VS Code is showing syntax error. I checked on internet and notes but found the loop is fine.
i = 1
while i <= 5:
print(i)
i = i + 1
While loop showing syntax error

I don't think there is anything wrong with your code but you should try to create a new folder preferably outside of Appdata. or One drive folder

There isn't anything wrong with your actual code. When I run it it executes as you would expect. I think the problem must be the way you are executing the program. I think you are attempting to run it in the python interpreter. Where it says "2:Python" you want it to be like "cmd" or "Code" or something and then you can just type in python loop.py maybe try clicking the plus next to it or select the first option in the dropdown.

assign a variable with more than one capital letter

I think that my question is very stupid. I'm using windows / Python 3.7 / spyder (just updated)
If I write in the terminal g=3 and press enter, I get a variable named g in the variable explorer, if I say GA=3, nothing appears in the variable explorer but if I write GA in the terminal the variable is there. I have no idea what is happening here. It only happens when the variable name has more than one capital letter.

From their github issues
For example entering the following at the commandline: TESTVAR = 2
will not show up in the workspace, although testvar = 2 will show up.
That's because there is an option to hide this kind of variable which
should be (according to Python official guidelines) a global variable
in an imported module (imported with the non-recommended statement
"from foobar import *". Anyway to show these variables, just tick the
option "show upper case [something]" (context menu)
So, there in an options icon in the vertical bar at the right of the Variables explorer which allows you to enable/disable the uppercase variables.
Note: "Constants are usually defined on a module level and written in all capital letters with underscores separating words. Examples include MAX_OVERFLOW and TOTAL", according to PEP-8. And it is probably this very convention that Spyder follows that caused the behaviour you observed.

Add functions to path - Python

I have just started to use Python (I am used to MATLAB).
How should I add a function to path? In matlab you right click on the function and you can add or remove from path.
For instance, a simple program to evaluate the power of a number:
As you can see the original program and the function are in the same folder, however the function seems to have an error. What am I doing wrong?
Thanks

If you hover the mouse over the redlined identifier, PyCharm will tell you what it thinks is wrong (and give you a balloon to fix it). Alternatively you can press F2 to go to the next error.
In this case it is complaining that you're not following PEP8 conventions for function and argument names.
Function names should be lowercase, with words separated by underscores as necessary to improve readability.
Variable names follow the same convention as function names.
From: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#function-and-variable-names
In addition, you need to import names before you can use them, ie. in app.py:
from . import POWER
a = 3
print(POWER.POWER(a))
or
from .POWER import POWER
a = 3
print(POWER(a))
Since you're using PyCharm, you can put your cursor on the name in app.py that is not recognized and press alt+enter and chose the option to "import this name".

Hi function in python define like this :
def <funcname>(<arguments>):
statement....
If you want to call function use:
<funcname>(<arguments>)
your fucntion:
def power(num):
return num**2
print(power(2))
output:
4
but if you want to add it to another .py file
write this code in your app.py
from .power import power
print(power(2))

Python has a built-in hierarchy of import protocols that I would suggest getting to know. To accomplish what you're trying to do, if you (after cleaning up a bit of syntax, and remove the space between POWER and the brackets, and add a colon to the end of the function definition, ie def power(Num): ) you can access the function from file POWER by adding to the top of app:
from POWER import power

How do you look up python builtin documentation with intellij/pycharm?

Say I have a file open and I know the type of a variable is a dict, but the editor doesn't know that. Is there a way I can navigate to dict documentation?
I tried search everywhere, but that doesn't seem to work.
Thanks!

If you haven't changed your default keymap you can place your cursor on the variable from which you want its documentation and hit Ctrl + q which opens a popup with the available documentation!
If Ctrl + q does not work for you, open File > Settings > Keymap and in the search bar search for "Quick Documentation" and use the listed hot-key mentioned there for that action!