I want to understand something with the grid layout in tkinter. Let's say that I want the column 1 in the row 1 to expand if there is extra space, but the column 1 in the row 2 to not expand how can I can do it?
widget.columnconfigure
give you control on all columns, it is not possible to specify the row.
You can't do precisely what you want. However, you can get the same visual effect by having the widget in row 1 span two columns where the widget in row 2 spans only one. You can then give weight to the second column, which will affect the widget on row 1 but not on row two.
Here's a simple example:
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
l1 = tk.Frame(root, background="red", width=100, height=50)
l2 = tk.Frame(root, background="orange", width=100, height=50)
l3 = tk.Frame(root, background="green", width=100, height=50)
l4 = tk.Frame(root, background="blue", width=100, height=50)
root.columnconfigure(2, weight=1)
l1.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2, sticky="ew")
l2.grid(row=1, column=3, sticky="ew")
l3.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky="ew")
l4.grid(row=2, column=3, sticky="ew")
root.mainloop()
When this code first starts up, it looks like this where the two columns are identical in size.
When the window is resized, you can see that the widget on row 1 expands but the widget in row 2 does not.
Use two canvases, one for each row. Then change the width and the columnspan of the widget you want to expand. Finally, user columnconfigure.
In the following example, I've created 2 Canvas,2 Frames, 2 buttons. One for each row.
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("600x300")
root.resizable(False,False)
canvas_1 = tk.Canvas(master=root,width=600, height=15)
canvas_2 = tk.Canvas(master=root)
canvas_1.pack(expand=True, fill="both")
canvas_2.pack(expand=True, fill="both")
#
frame_1 = tk.Frame(master=root)
frame_1.pack(expand=True, fill="both")
# ------------------------------------------------------ All in row=0
button_in_column_0 = tk.Button(master=frame_1, text="I'm in Column_1").grid(row=0, column=1)
button_in_column_1 = tk.Button(master=frame_1, text="I'm in Column_2",width=80).grid(row=0, column=2,columnspan=2)
button_in_column_2 = tk.Button(master=frame_1, text="I'm in Column_3").grid(row=0, column=3)
# -----Let's say that you want the column 1 in the row 0 to expand if there is extra space
for x in range(2,3):
frame_1.columnconfigure(x, weight=1)
frame_1.rowconfigure(x, weight=1)
# LET CREATE THE SECOND LINE WITH LIST OF BUTTONS
frame_2 = tk.Frame(master=root)
frame_2.pack(expand=True, fill="both")
# ------------------------------------------------------------ All in row=0
button_1 = tk.Button(master=frame_2, text="I'm in Column_1").grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.NSEW)
button_2 = tk.Button(master=frame_2, text="I'm in Column_2").grid(row=0, column=2, sticky=tk.NSEW)
button_3 = tk.Button(master=frame_2, text="I'm in Column_3").grid(row=0, column=3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
window_1 = canvas_1.create_window(0,1, anchor="nw", window=frame_1)
window_2 = canvas_2.create_window(0,1, anchor="nw", window=frame_2)
root.mainloop()
enter image description here
You may be looking for the columnspan option.
see http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/grid.htm
Related
I have 5 buttons with 3 of them in the first row and 2 in the second row. How do I fill the white space that is left? I tried the following:
Date_play.grid(row=3,column=1,columnspan=2,sticky="w")
File_play.grid(row=3,column=2,columnspan=2,sticky="e")
Thanks in advance.
There are multiple ways to do this. One of the easier ones is to play around with the Grid Layout.
Try this:
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
# create a grid of 2x6
root.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
for i in range(6):
root.columnconfigure(i, weight=1)
# by playing around with columnspan, you can get the layout that you need
button1 = tk.Button(root, text='1')
button1.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.NSEW)
button2 = tk.Button(root, text='2')
button2.grid(row=0, column=2, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.NSEW)
button3 = tk.Button(root, text='3')
button3.grid(row=0, column=4, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.NSEW)
button4 = tk.Button(root, text='4')
button4.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
button5 = tk.Button(root, text='5')
button5.grid(row=1, column=3, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.NSEW)
root.mainloop()
You can try and add space to the text in each button.
If the text is something like:
Date Module
Just expand it like this:
Date Module
It will make the button be bigger.
Also, you can use the width attribute of each button:
date_module_button.configure(width=...)
In both of the options, you need to play with it, add more/less space, add more/less width, until you are happy with the size of the button.
try this:
Date_play.grid(row=3,column=0,columnspan=2,sticky="w")
File_play.grid(row=3,column=2,columnspan=1,sticky="e")
grid system does not allow to fill half the grid.
best to do is make a new frame without a highlighted boarder, place them just below the row 2 in that frame add your two button.
bottonframe = Frame(root)
bottoframe.grid(row = 3, columnspan=3, width = <as per your window>)
Date_play = Button(buttonframe,<your button config>)
File_play = Button(buttonframe,<your button config>)
Date_play.grid(row=1,column=1,sticky="w")
File_play.grid(row=1,column=2,sticky="e")
and then little bit adjustment.
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
buttonOK = tk.Button(root, text='B1')
MCC = tk.Button(root, text='B2')
TID = tk.Button(root, text='B3')
CURRENCY = tk.Button(root, text='B4')
COUNTRY = tk.Button(root, text='B5')
RESPONSE = tk.Button(root, text='B6')
B1.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
B2.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
B3.grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
B4.grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
B5.grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
B6.grid(row=4, column=2, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
label1 = tk.Entry(root, bd =8)
label1.grid(row=2, column=0, rowspan=1, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
label=tk.Text(root,background="yellow")
label.insert(index=0.0, chars="Enter values below\nand click search.\n")
label.grid(row=0, column=0,rowspan=1, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
root.mainloop()
I am trying to build a GUI in Python using Tkinter but the space for the inserted text label as "Enter values below\nand click search.\n" occupies about 6 blank rows. Please help me remove it. My current result using the code above is the left one, I want to have the right one image.
When you create the text widget, specify the number of lines you want it to display, for example:
label=tk.Text(root,background="yellow", height=3)
Failing to specify means it will default to 24, hence why it is so large in your program.
Ignoring the grid() mistake in your code.
You could correct the sizing issue by providing a weight and starting geometry size.
UPDATE:
If you provide weights to the proper rows and columns give your Text widget a default height of say 3 and tell the grid() on your Text widget to sticky="nsew" you can have your program start out the size you want and be able to resize evenly if you want to.
Take a look at the below code:
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
# we want all 3 columns to resize evenly for the buttons so we provide
# a weight of 1 to each. We also want the first row where the text box is
# to resize so there is not unwanted behavior when resizing, so we set its weight to 1.
# keep in mind a weight of zero (default) will tell tkinter to not resize that row or column.
root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(2, weight=1)
root.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
buttonOK = tk.Button(root, text='B1')
MCC = tk.Button(root, text='B2')
TID = tk.Button(root, text='B3')
CURRENCY = tk.Button(root, text='B4')
COUNTRY = tk.Button(root, text='B5')
RESPONSE = tk.Button(root, text='B6')
# corrected the variables being assigned a grid location
buttonOK.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
MCC.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
TID.grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
CURRENCY.grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
COUNTRY.grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
RESPONSE.grid(row=4, column=2, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
label1 = tk.Entry(root, bd =8)
label1.grid(row=2, column=0, rowspan=1, columnspan=3, sticky=tk.E+tk.W)
# added a height of 3 to the Text widget. to reduce its starting height
label=tk.Text(root,background="yellow", height=3)
label.insert(index=0.0, chars="Enter values below\nand click search.\n")
# added stick="nsew" so the text box will resize with the available space in the window.
label.grid(row=0, column=0,rowspan=1, columnspan=3, sticky="nsew")
root.mainloop()
I'm developing very simple GUI for my DB. It shows record's list/tree in DB on left panel and (if user clicks on some record) shows the record on the right panel.
Here some bit of code which creates GUI
from Tkinter import *
import ttk
master = Tk()
reclist = ttk.Treeview(columns=["TIME STAMP","HASH","MESSAGE"])
ysb = ttk.Scrollbar(orient=VERTICAL, command= reclist.yview)
xsb = ttk.Scrollbar(orient=HORIZONTAL, command= reclist.xview)
reclist['yscroll'] = ysb.set
reclist['xscroll'] = xsb.set
reclist.grid(in_=master, row=0, column=0, sticky=NSEW)
ysb.grid(in_=master, row=0, column=1, sticky=NS)
xsb.grid(in_=master, row=1, column=0, sticky=EW)
Comment = Text(master)
Comment.tag_configure("center", justify='center')
ysc = ttk.Scrollbar(orient=VERTICAL, command= Comment.yview)
xsc = ttk.Scrollbar(orient=HORIZONTAL, command= Comment.xview)
Comment.grid(in_=master,row=0,column=2,sticky=W+E+N+S)#, columnspan=5)
ysc.grid(in_=master, row=0, column=3, sticky=NS)
xsc.grid(in_=master, row=1, column=2, sticky=EW)
master.rowconfigure(0, weight=3)
master.columnconfigure(0, weight=3)
master.columnconfigure(2, weight=3)
master.mainloop()
Everything works pretty well, except that two panels are not adjustable. I cannot move border between them to make list of records or record panel bigger or smaller. I'm pretty sure in is possible (for example in gitk you can move the border between the list of commits and a displaied commit). I've search quite a lot with no luck.
What you are looking for is called a "PanedWindow". Both the tkinter and ttk modules have one, and they work almost identically. The general idea is that you create a PanedWindow instance, and then you add two or more widgets to it. The PanedWindow will add a movable slider between each widget. Typically you would use frames, which you can then fill up with other widgets.
Here is an example using the one in Tkinter:
import Tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
pw = tk.PanedWindow()
pw.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
f1 = tk.Frame(width=200, height=200, background="bisque")
f2 = tk.Frame(width=200, height=200, background="pink")
pw.add(f1)
pw.add(f2)
# adding some widgets to the left...
text = tk.Text(f1, height=20, width=20, wrap="none")
ysb = tk.Scrollbar(f1, orient="vertical", command=text.yview)
xsb = tk.Scrollbar(f1, orient="horizontal", command=text.xview)
text.configure(yscrollcommand=ysb.set, xscrollcommand=xsb.set)
f1.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
f1.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
xsb.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="ew")
ysb.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="ns")
text.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
# and to the right...
b1 = tk.Button(f2, text="Click me!")
s1 = tk.Scale(f2, from_=1, to=20, orient="horizontal")
b1.pack(side="top", fill="x")
s1.pack(side="top", fill="x")
root.mainloop()
I am designing a simple GUI in Python 2.7 Tkinter, but I can't get things to spread out as I want them. I have managed to get my various widgets roughly where I want them, however I can't seem to force spacing out and things are a little bunched up.
I have also tried to draw 3 LabelFrames to separate the window out, but widgets seem to fall over the LabelFrames. I am wondering how I can space this out a little better. The grid system seems to allow things to bunch up and ignores blank rows and columns as far as I can see.
from Tkinter import *
import Tkinter, Tkconstants, tkFileDialog, tkMessageBox
class FileZap():
def __init__(self, root):
root.title("TestGUI")
root.geometry("860x450")
self.topFrame = LabelFrame(root, text="Top Area")
self.topFrame.grid(row=1, column=1, rowspan=6, columnspan=7, padx=5, pady = 5, sticky="NSEW")
self.listbox1 = Listbox(root, width=50, selectmode="multiple")
self.listbox1.grid(row=3, column=2)
self.scrollbar = Scrollbar(orient=VERTICAL, command=self.listbox1.yview)
self.listbox1.config(yscrollcommand=self.scrollbar.set)
self.scrollbar.grid(row=3, column=3, sticky="ns")
self.listbox2 = Listbox(root, width=50)
self.listbox2.grid(row=3, column=4)
self.selectLabel = Label(root, text="Select a folder: ")
self.selectLabel.grid(row=3, column=1)
self.user1 = Entry(root, width="50")
self.user1.grid(row=2, column=2)
self.browse = Button(root, text="Browse")
self.browse.grid(row=2, column=3)
self.addItems = Button(root, text="Add to Selection")
self.addItems.grid(row=4, column=2)
self.clearItems = Button(root, text="Clear Selection")
self.clearItems.grid(row=4, column=4)
self.leftFrame = LabelFrame(root, text="Left Area")
self.leftFrame.grid(row=5, column=1, rowspan=6, columnspan=3, padx=5, pady = 5, sticky="NSEW")
self.replaceInLable = Label(root, text="String to replace: ")
self.replaceOutLable = Label(root, text="New string: ")
self.replaceInLable.grid(row=7, column=1)
self.replaceOutLable.grid(row=7, column=2)
self.replaceIn = Entry(root, width="20")
self.replaceOut = Entry(root, width="20")
self.replaceIn.grid(row=8, column=1)
self.replaceOut.grid(row=8, column=2)
self.replace = Button(root, text="Replace")
self.replace.grid(row=8,column=3)
self.rightFrame = LabelFrame(root, text="Right Area")
self.rightFrame.grid(row=5, column=4, rowspan=6, columnspan=3, padx=5, pady = 5, sticky="NSEW")
self.quit = Button(root, text="Exit", command=root.quit)
self.quit.grid(row=9, column=6)
root = Tkinter.Tk()
file_zap = FileZap(root)
root.mainloop()
I have tried various alterations but can't nail it! Any help would be much appreciated.
First, the columns / row adapt to there content so an empty one as a zero height/width. If you want to put space between your widgets use the padx and pady options in the .grid method. They can take either one number which will give the padding on both sides or a couple of numbers giving the padding on each side.
Secondly, if you want your widgets to be inside a LabelFrame, you need to create them with this LabelFrame as master instead of the main window.
from Tkinter import LabelFrame, Tk, Button, Label
root = Tk()
# make row 0 resize with the window
root.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
# make column 0 and 1 resize with the window
root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
# create LabelFrames
top_frame = LabelFrame(root, text="top")
left_frame = LabelFrame(root, text="left")
right_frame = LabelFrame(root, text="right")
top_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=10, pady=(10,4), sticky="nsew")
left_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=(10,4), pady=4, sticky="nsew")
right_frame.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=(4,10), pady=4, sticky="nsew")
#create widgets inside top_frame
Label(top_frame, text="I'm inside top_frame").pack()
Button(top_frame, text="Top").pack()
#create widgets inside left_frame
Label(left_frame, text="I'm inside left_frame").pack()
Button(left_frame, text="Left").pack()
#create widgets inside top_frame
Label(right_frame, text="I'm inside right_frame").pack()
Button(right_frame, text="Right").pack()
Button(root, text="Quit", command=root.destroy).grid(row=2, column=0,
columnspan=2, pady=10)
root.mainloop()
Picture a 4x4 grid in a tkinter window. I want to expand the cell at row 2, column 2 but not everything else on row 2 or column 2. Im designing a text window with selectable options on the left side in rows 1-15. Making row 2 with weight 1 and column 2 with weight 1 allows my Text widget to expand but so does everything else in row 2 and column 2. Any way around this?
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
lbl1 = Label(root, text="label1")
lbl1.grid(row=0, column=1)
lbl2 = Label(root, text="label2")
lbl2.grid(row=1, column=0)
lbl3 = Label(root, text="label3")
lbl3.grid(row=3, column=0)
lbl4 = Label(root, text="label4")
lbl4.grid(row=5, column=0)
txt = Text(root, state='disabled', bg='#E8E8E8')
txt.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="NSEW", columnspan=2, rowspan=2)
root.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(2, weight=1)
root.mainloop()
Example 2:
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
frame1 = Frame(root)
frame1.grid(row=0, column=1)
frame2 = Frame(root)
frame2.grid(row=1, column=0)
frame3 = Frame(root)
frame3.grid(row=1, column=1, rowspan=2, columnspan=2)
lbl1 = Label(frame1, text="label1")
lbl2 = Label(frame2, text="label2")
lbl3 = Label(frame2, text="label3")
lbl4 = Label(frame2, text="label4")
lbl1.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=N)
lbl2.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=N)
lbl3.grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=N)
lbl4.grid(row=7, column=0, sticky=N)
txt = Text(frame3, state='disabled', bg='#E8E8E8')
txt.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="NSEW", columnspan=2, rowspan=2)
root.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(2, weight=1)
frame3.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
frame3.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.mainloop()
Example 2 has everything in the position I want it in but the Text widget does not expand. Is it possible to set a frame to expand when using grid?
Your question asks about a 4x4 grid, but your example shows only two columns. That makes it hard to understand what you want. In the comments you say you simply want the text area of the example to grow and shrink and all the labels together, so that's what I'll address.
The simplest solution is to have an extra row and column to the right and below the text area. Have the text widget span into those areas, and give those areas a weight of 1. That means that, as the window changes size, any extra space is allocated to areas not occupied by buttons.
pro tip: I find layout problems much easier to visualize and solve when all of the layout code is together.
It would look something like this:
lbl1.grid(row=0, column=1)
lbl2.grid(row=1, column=0)
lbl3.grid(row=2, column=0)
lbl4.grid(row=3, column=0)
txt.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="NSEW", columnspan=2, rowspan=4)
root.rowconfigure(4, weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(2, weight=1)
I think your layout problems might be better solved by using pack instead of grid for part of the layout. For example, you might start with three areas: a toolbar, a side panel, and then main area with the text widget:
toolbar = Frame(root, ...)
side = Frame(root, ...)
main = Frame(root, ...)
toolbar.pack(side="top", fill="x")
side.pack(side="left", fill="y")
main.pack(side="right", fill="both", expand=True)
With that you now have three relatively independent areas. You can use pack or grid in each of these frames independently, making it much easier to keep track of rows and columns.
One way around it would be to make your grid twice as large, setting the things you want to be expandable to span two columns/rows.
I.e. you use exclusively odd numbered rows/columns for griding things ([1,1][1,3],[3,1][3,3]...) and you set even-numbered rows/columns to have weight. Anything you want to expand in one or both directions gets a columnspan or rowspan of 2, pushing it into a row/column which may expand as needed.
With the information everyone has provided I was able to come up with a solution. I left the Text widget on the main window instead of in a frame and put my labels/tools in frames. Basically using the fact that a frame will not expand to lock down the labels. Now when the window is expanded only the widget grows.
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
frame1 = Frame(root)
frame1.grid(row=0, column=1)
frame2 = Frame(root)
frame2.grid(row=1, column=0)
lbl1 = Label(frame1, text="label1")
lbl2 = Label(frame2, text="label2")
lbl3 = Label(frame2, text="label3")
lbl4 = Label(frame2, text="label4")
lbl1.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=N)
lbl2.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=N)
lbl3.grid(row=5, column=0, sticky=N)
lbl4.grid(row=7, column=0, sticky=N)
txt = Text(root, state='disabled', bg='#E8E8E8')
txt.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=10, sticky="NSEW", columnspan=2, rowspan=2)
root.rowconfigure(2, weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(2, weight=1)
root.mainloop()
Thanks for all the help.