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How do I get Pillow ImageOps.contain to work when inside VS Code?

I have VS Code on a Mac.
Pillow is installed and version verified as 8.3.2 via Pip list in the terminal window of VS Code. I have confirmed via the pillow docs that the ImageOps.contain() is part of 8.3.
My problem is that when I use the terminal, type python and run the following, it works perfectly:
from PIL import Image, ImageOps
im = Image.open("images/Barcelona.jpg")
print(im.format, im.size, im.mode)
im = ImageOps.contain(im, (800, 800), method=3)
im.show()
Preview pops right up and shows me the picture.
When I put the exact code into VS Code or build a .py file with Nano, I get an error message which is shown in this image:
I've verified the right version of Python, Pillow, and such. Any help or pointers would be greatly appreciated.

This turns out to be a problem with what I can only call nested environments and/or a conflict between Anaconda and Workspaces. I'm not really sure but when I used the _version import to figure out a) what VS Code thought and then b) figured out the environment Pip was reporting on, I deactivated up one level, upgraded the (base) to the 8.3 version and all ran fine. The knowledge on importing the version variable to see precisely what the code is importing came from the question asked below and was invaluable.

creating standalone exe using pyinstaller with mayavi import

I have a program that helps visualize some data in 3D by plotting a surface and a cloud of points to see how they relate to the surface. For the visualization I am using mayavi since it was easy to set up and does a better job than matplotlib in 3D. The program works great when I run it in my python environment and makes beautiful visualizations. However, I need to distribute this to a few people who don't have Python and would prefer not to have to install python and all the add-ins on each computer, so I have been using pyinstaller to create standalone .exe files that they can run after I develop a program.
For reference, this is all done on Windows 10, Python 3.6, pyqt 4.11.4, pyface 6.0.0, traits 4.6.0, pyinstaller 3.3.1, mayavi 4.5.0+vtk81. Just about every module I use was installed using pip.
The problem is that I can't seem to get a working exe if I use/import the mayavi module. I have been reading so much github documentation on different hook files and hidden-imports and each time I fix one error another pops up. It all started with scipy but I believe I have those worked out. So I have a few questions that could help me solve the problem:
1) Has anyone successfully created a standalone exe using pyinstaller with a mayavi import (specifically from mayavi import mlab)? What is your secret?!?
This seems similar but I haven't been able to figure it out yet... SO_link
I have used the following links (scipy,h5py,pandas,traits/qt4,ETS_TOOLKIT) to add hidden imports or fix other issues but I am stuck now after setting my ETS_TOOLKIT=qt4. Before setting it, I would get a pyface/traits error RuntimeError: No traitsui.toolkits plugin found for toolkit null, but now it says the same thing for qt4 instead of null. I have qt4 installed so I don't understand that... It is in the import_toolkit function in pyface/base_toolkit.py.
2) Is there a better route to go in terms of 3D visualization / exe creation? I need a 3D program that can accurately render if the points are in front of or behind the surface and be able to rotate/zoom/pan interactively, plus it needs to be intuitive. Mayavi had very simple commands similar to matplotlib but others seem very complicated working around how the UI interacts with everything.
3) How do I interpret all of these error codes I get? They are usually pretty cryptic saying a certain line threw an exception nested in 10 other function calls and it seems very difficult to back out where exactly things went wrong, especially when nothing pops up on Google that seems to be related.
EDIT
While I am still very confused, I have been able to change where the error occurs. Following the traceback, I commented out a line setting the marker color in traitsui/editors/code_editor.py (line 49), at which point the exception then started the next time the Color method was called... but I still get the same RuntimeError. So that doesn't tell me much other than I am still looking for what hidden import I need to include for this thing to work.
Also note that I get the exact same error with both PyInstaller and cx_Freeze, in case that helps...
Edit 2
I have now tried it using anaconda for python 2.7, SAME EXACT ISSUE..... I'm starting to believe the universe doesn't want this to happen. Is there somewhere else I should bring this issue up?? I have posted on the traitsui GitHub but that wasn't very helpful. This seems to be bigger than pyinstaller/cx_freeze since it happens in both....

I dealt with the same problem and finally switched to cx_freeze, which now works fine on linux and windows. The problems you are dealing with arise from statements like in the SE answer, you found, i.e. dynamic import statements, where what is imported is only determined at runtime:
be = 'pyface.ui.%s.' % tk
__import__(be + 'init')
I couldn't fix that in pyinstaller, while in cx_freeze it works, when you explicitely add the required packages in the build file. Here is the package list I used:
"packages": ["pyface.ui.qt4", "tvtk.vtk_module", "tvtk.pyface.ui.wx", "matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4",'pkg_resources._vendor','pkg_resources.extern','pygments.lexers',
'tvtk.pyface.ui.qt4','pyface.qt','pyface.qt.QtGui','pyface.qt.QtCore','numpy','matplotlib','mayavi']
Here is a full build script that works with python3.6, cx_freeze 5.0.2, mayavi 4.5.0+vtk71, traits 4.6.0, pyface 5.1.0 and traitsui 5.1.0.
import os
from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable
import cx_Freeze.hooks
def hack(finder, module):
return
cx_Freeze.hooks.load_matplotlib = hack
import scipy
import matplotlib
scipy_path = os.path.dirname(scipy.__file__) #use this if you are also using scipy in your application
build_exe_options = {"packages": ["pyface.ui.qt4", "tvtk.vtk_module", "tvtk.pyface.ui.wx", "matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4",'pygments.lexers',
'tvtk.pyface.ui.qt4','pyface.qt','pyface.qt.QtGui','pyface.qt.QtCore','numpy','matplotlib','mayavi'],
"include_files": [(str(scipy_path), "scipy"), #for scipy
(matplotlib.get_data_path(), "mpl-data"),],
"includes":['PyQt4.QtCore','PyQt4.QtGui','mayavi','PyQt4'],
'excludes':'Tkinter',
"namespace_packages": ['mayavi']
}
executables = [
Executable('main.py', targetName="main.exe",base = 'Win32GUI',)
]
setup(name='main',
version='1.0',
description='',
options = {"build_exe": build_exe_options},
executables=executables,
)
I import pyface in the following way:
os.environ['ETS_TOOLKIT'] = 'qt4'
import imp
try:
imp.find_module('PySide') # test if PySide if available
except ImportError:
os.environ['QT_API'] = 'pyqt' # signal to pyface that PyQt4 should be used
from pyface.qt import QtGui, QtCore
before importing mayavi

Matplotlib image not coming up in Visual Studio Code on Mac

I'm running some basic code in the Visual Studio Code editor on MacOSX:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(0, 20, 100)
plt.plot(x, np.sin(x))
plt.show()
...and can't seem to get the png/svg file image to come up after running this. This also doesn't stop executing and I have to manually terminate the process. However, if I run this directly in the Terminal (each line of code line for line) I get the resulting image. One work-around is to just save the file (plt.savefig('foo.png')). This seems to work - the image is saved in the specified file location. However, it would be good to just see the image come up after running the code.

When running matplotlib codes from the terminal, I experience the same kind of hanging of the application after saving the image to a file. In this case, one 'workaround' that has always worked for me is to turn off blocking. Basically alter your code in this way:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.linspace(0, 20, 100)
plt.plot(x, np.sin(x))
plt.show(block=False)
input('press <ENTER> to continue')
It's not perfect, but the image is saved correctly and the application stops after you hit ENTER in the terminal. Hope this helps.

I am having a similar issue and I think it is a problem with the exact version of python that vs code is using to run the code.
For reference, I have vscode version 1.52.1 on a mac os Catalina. I installed python via anaconda and created a new environment for python 2.7 (tried with python 3.8 too). I open VSCode by calling code . from the folder I have my simple python codes saved in.
Like OP, I could reproduce the figure if I were to run the code from a python instance called from terminal but not from vscode.
MY SOLUTION:
From vscode, select as python interpreter the one found in /usr/bin/python not the one in ~/opt/anaconda3/env/python27/bin/python
But this is weird, because from a separate terminal window which python returns ~/opt/anaconda3/env/python27/bin/python. This suggests me (though I am no python expert) that there is an issue within vscode about linking the right interpreter with the libraries. Frankly being new to vscode, I find the need to pay attention to these details quite concerning.

I got the same problem, which was driving me nuts. The image was displayed when using Jupyter Notebooks, but not always when using VS Code. I just added one last line_ plt.show() - IMHO unnecessarily - but this worked well.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as img
im = img.imread('myimage.png')
plt.imshow(im)
plt.show() # <- added this line and now the image shows every time!

I faced the same issue and here's what I did to solve it.
Since the code runs without any error but also does not generate any plot and needs to be terminated manually, it's difficult to figure out what's going on. I tried running python2.7 test.py
This works, plot is generated but python3 test.py does not work.
So, here's what you need to do -
Run, pip install matplotlib --upgrade to upgrade the matplotlib. This does not resolve the issue but now the error is printed.
"RuntimeError: Python is not installed as a framework" ......
So, finally, to solve the problem, refer to Working with Matplotlib on macOS
Since, I am using Anaconda, all I need to do is conda install python.app and then use pythonw to run all scripts. I hope you also find the solution to your particular case from the FAQ.
Overall, it's a Matplotlib problem, so upgrading (or reinstalling) and trying with different Python versions should get you going.

Importing mayavi from python creates pop-up with black background on UI (Mavericks/Canopy)

Image gallery: http://imgur.com/a/qZkTW#qGj7I0H
I just installed the new version of Canopy 1.3 from enthought. I opened up ipython, and I imported mayavi's mlab without issue. I then plotted a 3d sphere without issue using the following:
import mayavi
from mayavi import mlab
mlab.points3d(1,1,1)
mlab.show()
And I get what I would expect (See figure #2 in gallery). I can then open up the scene editor without issue (see figure #1 in gallery), but when I try to open any other traits editors for anything else, I get a weird black background with no text:
scalarscatter editor
This issue affects all other editors other than the scene editor. It has been reproduced after uninstalling canopy per the description on their website, restarting the computer and reinstalling canopy. It has persisted despite reinstallation with both 32- and 64-bit installations, and it also affects mayavi2 when run from the command line. I don't get this error when I open the Canopy.open an app and run everything from inside canopy, which is not really a viable option for my current workflow (I want to use ipython notebooks)
The only error I get via stderr seems to be unrelated:
Python[4434:d0f] CoreText performance note: Client called CTFontCreateWithName() using name ".Lucida Grande UI" and got font with PostScript name ".LucidaGrandeUI". For best performance, only use PostScript names when calling this API.
Python[4434:d0f] CoreText performance note: Set a breakpoint on CTFontLogSuboptimalRequest to debug.
I have updated all the canopy packages using the built-in installer. I'm using the built-in python for canopy. I never had any similar issues in the past with EPD, only since installing Canopy 1.3 on my computer.
I have searched the internet, and cannot find any other complaints of this issue. Please let me know if you have any ideas. I would really like to use the ipython notebook feature rather than opening Canopy.app every time.
Any help would be greatly appreciated!

Several notes:
1) This should do it:
ETS_TOOLKIT=qt4 ipython notebook --pylab qt
(These settings are default within the Canopy app).
2) Be sure that you are starting Canopy User Python from Terminal. sys.prefix in terminal should be the same as from within Canopy's (i)Python shell. For details, see https://support.enthought.com/entries/23646538-Make-Canopy-User-Python-be-your-default-Python
3) FWIW, IPython notebook is useable directly within Canopy (File / New / IPython Notebook), but admittedly the experience is still not as good as in a regular browser, especially on Mac. By Canopy 1.4 or 1.5 we hope that it will be, so you can have the best of both worlds.

python's save figure button does not work in mac, trying to solve it unsuccessfully, how to do this?

I updated my python distribution yesterday to EPD 7.3-2 (64-bit). I am working on a mac with snow leopard.
Now the plot device of matplotlib is broken in at least two ways:
the "save" button doesn't work and makes the terminal or ipython crash and
the only way to see the figure is to have it in front of you, there is no python figure icon in the dock.
I did my homework and these same problems were reported here and here.
I tried to follow the instructions to fix this given in here, but this is the error that I get:
$python install_pythonw.py `which python`/../..
/Library/Frameworks/EPD64.framework/Versions/Current/.Python does not exist; exiting.
Indeed, I looked at the given folder and I could not find a .Python file. I added a comment at the answer to this problem but so far no one has replied to it :( :(
Any idea of how to fix this?
thanks!

I have seen this problem a few times, and it seems to be a problem in some backends. Also, it doesn't seem normal that your session crashes after 4 or 5 plots. In particular, the MacOSX backend seems buggy.
As you installed the EPD, I think it's less likely that your installation is broken.
The solution seems to be using a different backend. You can try with ipython --pylab a few backends, try their features and see if the save button works. You can try the following:
ipython --pylab=wx
ipython --pylab=tk
ipython --pylab=osx
The last one is the option that you're probably using right now, so perhaps not the best. If you just call ipython --pylab, it will use the default backend from your ~/.matplotlib/matplotlibrc file. Once you find a working backend you can change the default by editing that file. Look for a line like this:
backend : MacOSX
(your version may have a different backend.) Just change that setting to WXAgg, TkAgg, or Qt4Agg. With the --pylab option the names are slightly different, they don't have the Agg part. My favourite backend for OSX is the Qt4Agg backend, but I don't think it ships with EPD and the save button also doesn't work! But either WXAgg or TkAgg should work fine.
Other ways of changing the backend in a script are:
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('WXAgg')
or
matplotlib.rcParams['backend'] = 'WXAgg'