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Python & GAE - StringType write() argument type parsing

When running dev_appserver.py ., I get the following error when trying to access http://localhost:8080:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python#2/2.7.15_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/wsgiref/handlers.py", line 86, in run
self.finish_response()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python#2/2.7.15_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/wsgiref/handlers.py", line 128, in finish_response
self.write(data)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python#2/2.7.15_1/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions 2.7/lib/python2.7/wsgiref/handlers.py", line 204, in write
assert type(data) is StringType,"write() argument must be string"
AssertionError: write() argument must be string
I've searched and it seems to come back to my app.yaml file, per these links:
SO Question for GAE Assertion Error
Russian Question site with
same information
I'm just not sure how to go about debugging it. Below is my app.yaml file and my main.py file. I'm super new to the GAE platform and any help would be appreciated.
app.yaml file:
application: gqtimer
version: 1-56
runtime: python27
api_version: 1
threadsafe: false
handlers:
- url: /favicon.ico
static_files: static/images/favicon.ico
upload: static/images/favicon.ico
- url: /_ah/login_required
script: main.py
- url: /static
static_dir: static
- url: /player.*
script: main.py
login: required
- url: /stat.*
script: main.py
login: required
- url: .*
script: main.py
libraries:
- name: django
version: "1.11"
main.py file:
#!/usr/bin/env python
#
import config
import os
import sys
# Force sys.path to have our own directory first, so we can import from it.
sys.path.insert(0, config.APP_ROOT_DIR)
sys.path.insert(1, os.path.join(config.APP_ROOT_DIR, 'externals'))
os.environ["DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE"] = "settings"
import wsgiref.handlers
from google.appengine.ext import webapp
from google.appengine.dist import use_library
use_library('django', '1.2')
from handlers import error, timer, do_openid_login
def main():
application = webapp.WSGIApplication([('/', timer.ExportHandler),
('/_ah/login_required', do_openid_login.OpenIdLoginHandler),
('/player/([-\w]+)', timer.PlayerHandler),
('/player/([-\w]+)/archives', timer.ArchivesHandler),
('/stat/([-\w]+)', timer.StatHandler),
('/stat/([-\w]+)/delete', timer.StatDeleteHandler),
# If we make it this far then the page we are looking
# for does not exist
('/.*', error.Error404Handler),
],
debug=True)
wsgiref.handlers.CGIHandler().run(application)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

Indeed, your app.yaml file might not be properly mapping your application code. You need to:
take the application variable outside of the main() function so that it becomes a global variable in the main.py module (and maybe rename it to app as well - just to stay inline with the official convention and documentation examples)
replace the script: main.py statements from your app.yaml's handlers with main.application (or main.app if renamed as mentioned above) - this is the reference to the above-mentioned global variable. From the script row in the Handlers element table:
A script: directive must be a python import path, for example,
package.module.app that points to a WSGI application. The last component of a script: directive using a Python module path is
the name of a global variable in the module: that variable must be a
WSGI app, and is usually called app by convention.
I'd also recommend explicitly passing the app.yaml as argument to dev_appserver.py instead of the app's directory (. in your case) - occasionally the auto-detection doesn't behave as expected. It's also the only way to run multiple services and/or using a dispatch.yaml file for routing, so it's a good habit.

Website not deploying using Google App Engine Launcher

I am creating a website and I wanted to put it online. However how many times I would try to deploy it using the Google App Engine Launcher it would not deploy.
app.yaml file :
application: GameDroidWeb
version: 1
runtime: python
api_version: 1
handlers:
- url: /(.*\.(gif|png|jpg|ico|js|css))
static_files: \1
upload: (.*\.(gif|png|jpg|ico|js|css))
- url: /robots.txt
static_files: robots.txt
upload: robots.txt
- url: .*
script: main.py
main.py :
# Copyright 2012 Digital Inspiration
# http://www.labnol.org/
import os
from google.appengine.ext import webapp
from google.appengine.ext.webapp import util
from google.appengine.ext.webapp import template
class MainHandler(webapp.RequestHandler):
def get (self, q):
if q is None:
q = 'index.html'
path = os.path.join (os.path.dirname (__file__), q)
self.response.headers ['Content-Type'] = 'text/html'
self.response.out.write (template.render (path, {}))
def main ():
application = webapp.WSGIApplication ([('/(.*html)?', MainHandler)], debug=True)
util.run_wsgi_app (application)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main ()
Deployment Console Log :
2014-05-13 22:53:29 Running command: "['C:\\Python33\\pythonw.exe', '-u', 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Google\\google_appengine\\appcfg.py', '--no_cookies', u'--email=TheAddictedGamerOfficial#gmail.com', '--passin', 'update', 'C:\\Users\\User\\Desktop\\WEBSITE TEST']"
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\google_appengine\appcfg.py", line 126, in <module>
run_file(__file__, globals())
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\google_appengine\appcfg.py", line 122, in run_file
execfile(_PATHS.script_file(script_name), globals_)
NameError: global name 'execfile' is not defined
2014-05-13 22:53:29 (Process exited with code 1)
You can close this window now.
Does anyone know how to solve this? I have tried un-installing and reinstalling but that did not work either. Any help will be appreciated.
Thanks in advance,

You are using python 3 , you need Python 2.7.
(The Python SDK is not compatible with Python 3.) from here

How to use bcrypt on Google App Engine (GAE)? [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
How to include third party Python libraries in Google App Engine?
(6 answers)
Closed 8 years ago.
I have found a bcrypt library for python that seems to be very easy to use:
bcrypt 1.0.1
After installing it and testing the hello world example in my local machine all seems fine:
>>> import bcrypt
>>> password = b"super secret password"
>>> # Hash a password for the first time, with a certain number of rounds
>>> hashed = bcrypt.hashpw(password, bcrypt.gensalt(10))
>>> # Check that a unhashed password matches one that has previously been
>>> # hashed
>>> if bcrypt.hashpw(password, hashed) == hashed:
... print("It Matches!")
... else:
... print("It Does not Match :(")
However, in my GAE application, when I use import bcrypt I get an error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/pedro/google_appengine/google/appengine/runtime/wsgi.py", line 239, in Handle
handler = _config_handle.add_wsgi_middleware(self._LoadHandler())
File "/home/pedro/google_appengine/google/appengine/runtime/wsgi.py", line 298, in _LoadHandler
handler, path, err = LoadObject(self._handler)
File "/home/pedro/google_appengine/google/appengine/runtime/wsgi.py", line 84, in LoadObject
obj = __import__(path[0])
File "/home/pedro/google_appengine/hw4/blog.py", line 8, in <module>
import bcrypt
ImportError: No module named bcrypt
INFO 2014-05-05 21:17:04,375 module.py:639] default: "GET /blog/signup HTTP/1.1" 500 -
This leads me to believe that I must change the app.yaml file to include this library:
application: calm-grid-571
version: 1
runtime: python27
api_version: 1
threadsafe: False
handlers:
- url: /static
static_dir: static
- url: /.*
script: blog.app
libraries:
- name: jinja2
version: latest
- name: PIL
version: latest
However, when checking the official page for the supported libraries I cannot find anything about bcrypt.
So, how do I use the bcrypt library in GAE? Is it even possible?

You have to include the source of bcrypt (or any other non-embedded library) into your project.
Suggestion is to create a libs folder on the root of your project (same level where app.yaml lives) and place there as many libraries' sources as you need.
For this case, the final result should look like: /libs/bcrypt/
Make sure to include __init__.py blank files on any new folder you want your code to treat this folder as a package. After that, simply import the module: from libs.bcrypt import bcrypt
EDIT: Also note you can just have pure python code on your app engine project. Try py-bcrypt, it is working like a charm for a project hosted on App Engine.

Appstats are only working for one WSGIApplication

I've split handlers between 2 python files (main.py and main_cms.py). app.yaml defines the URLs that each python file will handle.
When I look at the Appstats, only the handlers from one of the 2 python files are profiled (the ones from main.py).
The 'magic' of webapp_add_wsgi_middleware(app) always used to work just fine, until the split. How can I make Appstats recording apply to all handlers?
appengine_config.py:
def webapp_add_wsgi_middleware(app):
from google.appengine.ext.appstats import recording
app = recording.appstats_wsgi_middleware(app)
return app
app.yaml:
builtins:
- appstats: on
...
- url: /services/.*
script: main.application
- url: /cms.*
script: main_cms.application
main.py and main_cms.py:
application = webapp2.WSGIApplication(url_mapping, config=config)
Running python2.7 / GAE 1.6.3, the dev_appserver.py shows Appstats correct for all handlers. The described problem is only seen in production.

Yaml file addressing in GAE using Python

Here is the file structure :
--src
-----\app.yaml
-----\bl
-----\bl\calc.html
-----\calc.py
-----\Main.py
I want to get to this address "localhost/bl/calc.html" and here is my yaml file:
- url: /bl
static_dir: bl
- url: /bl/.*
script: calc.py
- url: /.*
script: Main.py
In the Main.py I have this :
from calc import Calc
application = webapp.WSGIApplication([
('/', MainPage),
('/bl/calc', Calc)
], debug=True)
But I got just "This webpage is not found" for both http://localhost/bl/calc and http://localhost/bl/calc.html
I got really confused With this YAML file and GAE
I Dont know how to fix it. Should I have same application config in Calc file ?

Directives in app.yaml are evaluated in order, top to bottom. Because you have a static_dir directive for /bl/ before the script handlers for /bl/ and .*, any requests for that path will be satisfied by the static directory, not the script. Decide which you want - static or script - and add only that to app.yaml.

The yaml file tells what file to run for a given path. Since you're setting up a WSGIApplication in Main.py that will handle requests to /bl/calc with your Calc object, you don't need the lines in your app.yaml file specifying calc.py. Remove those lines and your program should work.