I am writing a simple program that pulls up an image (BackgroundFinal.png) and displays it in a window. I want to be able to press a button on the window to move the picture down by 22 pixels. Everything works except the button does not do anything.
import Tkinter
import Image, ImageTk
from Tkinter import Button
a = 0 #sets inital global 'a' and 'b' values
b = 0
def movedown(): #changes global 'b' value (adding 22)
globals()[b] = 22
return
def window(): #creates a window
window = Tkinter.Tk();
window.geometry('704x528+100+100');
image = Image.open('BackgroundFinal.png'); #gets image (also changes image size)
image = image.resize((704, 528));
imageFinal = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image);
label = Tkinter.Label(window, image = imageFinal); #creates label for image on window
label.pack();
label.place(x = a, y = b); #sets location of label/image using variables 'a' and 'b'
buttonup = Button(window, text = 'down', width = 5, command = movedown()); #creates button which is runs movedown()
buttonup.pack(side='bottom', padx = 5, pady = 5);
window.mainloop();
window()
If I am not mistaken, the button should change the global 'b' value, therefore changing the y position of the label. I really appreciate any help, sorry for my god-awful conventions. Thanks in advance!
You have a few problems here.
First, you're using pack and place. In general, you should only use 1 geometry manager within a container widget. I don't recommend using place. That's just too much work that you need to manage.
Second, you're calling the callback movedown when you construct your button. That's not what you want to do -- You want to pass the function, not the result of the function:
buttonup = Button(window, text = 'down', width = 5, command = movedown)
Third, globals returns a dictionary of the current namespace -- It's not likely to have an integer key in it. To get the reference to the object referenced by b, you'd need globals()["b"]. Even if it did, changing the value of b in the global namespace won't change the position of your label because the label has no way of knowing that change. And in general, if you need to use globals, you probably need to rethink your design.
Here's a simple example of how I would do it...
import Tkinter as tk
def window(root):
buf_frame = tk.Frame(root,height=0)
buf_frame.pack(side='top')
label = tk.Label(root,text="Hello World")
label.pack(side='top')
def movedown():
buf_frame.config(height=buf_frame['height']+22)
button = tk.Button(root,text='Push',command=movedown)
button.pack(side='top')
root = tk.Tk()
window(root)
root.mainloop()
Thanks for the reply but, It was not really what I was looking for. I'll post what I found worked best here for anybody else with the same problem.
Essentially, It is much better, in this case, to use a Canvas instead of a label. With canvases, you can move objects with canvas.move, here is a simple example program
# Python 2
from Tkinter import *
# For Python 3 use:
#from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.geometry('500x500+100+100')
image1 = PhotoImage(file = 'Image.gif')
canvas = Canvas(root, width = 500, height = 400, bg = 'white')
canvas.pack()
imageFinal = canvas.create_image(300, 300, image = image1)
def move():
canvas.move(imageFinal, 0, 22)
canvas.update()
button = Button(text = 'move', height = 3, width = 10, command = move)
button.pack(side = 'bottom', padx = 5, pady = 5)
root.mainloop()
my code may not be perfect (sorry!) but that is the basic idea. Hope I help anybody else with this problem
Related
When making a program for a game database, I want to have the main menu to have multiple buttons leading to multiple topics. The place function isn't working for me. Here is my code:
windowFU = tk.Tk()
windowFU.title("MHFU Database")
windowFU.geometry("255x200+300+180")
frame = tk.Frame(master = windowFU, width = 255, height = 200)
frame.pack()
icon = tk.PhotoImage(file = "images/icon.png")
windowFU.iconphoto(False, icon)
welcome = tk.Label(
master = frame,
text = "What would you like to view?",
width = 30,
height = 2
)
searchEntry = tk.Entry(
master = frame,
width = 30
)
buttonMonstersFU = tk.Button(
master = frame,
text = "Monsters",
width = 12,
height = 2
)
# Here is the place function
buttonMonstersFU.place(x = 100, y = 100)
welcome.pack()
searchEntry.pack()
buttonMonstersFU.pack()
searchEntry.bind('<Return>', getEntry)
windowFU.mainloop()
Note: Currently I just have the place function set to x = 100, y = 100 to test, it is not my final location.
Here is an image of what I get:
Result
What should I do?
You call buttonMonstersFU.pack() a few lines after you call buttonMonsersFU.place(...). Only one of pack, place, or grid can be responsible for a widget. When you call pack, any work done by place will be thrown away.
If you want to use place, then remove the line that calls buttonMonstersFU.pack().
I am new to python and I have been learning tkinter recently. So I thought with myself that using the grid_forget() function I can remove a widget and redefine it. I thought of this animation that changes the padding of a label so it would create space (kind of like moving the label but not exactly). However, the animation does not work at all. The program freezes until the label reaches the last value of the padding. How can I fix this? Or is there a better way to animate a label moving in the screen?
Here is my code:
from tkinter import *
import time
root = Tk()
lbl = Label(root, text='------')
lbl.grid(row=0, column=0)
def animation():
padding = 0
while padding < 31:
lbl.grid_forget()
padding += 1
lbl.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=padding)
time.sleep(0.2)
# alternative: root.after(200, lambda: lbl.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=padding))
btn = Button(root, text='Animate', command=animation)
btn.grid(row=1, column=1)
root.mainloop()
You need to update the screen for changes to be shown.
Here is a working version using the .update() method:
from tkinter import *
import time
root = Tk()
lbl = Label(root, text='------')
lbl.grid(row=0, column=0)
def animation():
padding = 0
while padding < 31:
lbl.grid_forget()
padding += 1
lbl.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=padding)
root.update()
time.sleep(0.2)
# alternative: root.after(200, lambda: lbl.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=padding))
btn = Button(root, text='Animate', command=animation)
btn.grid(row=1, column=1)
root.mainloop()
Here is a way I also use to animate stuff on the screen, I am not able to understand what you were trying to achieve with your code snippet above, I tried making some changes to it but I feel this way is much better and let's you get more control of your window.
This uses the widely used Canvas widget in the tkinter library.
The Canvas is a general purpose widget, You can use it for a lot of things. Visit the hyper link for more clarity
Here is a short example of how you would create text on the screen.
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.title("My animation")
c = Canvas(root)
x = 20
y = 20 #Instead of using row and column, you simply use x and y co-ordinates
#We will use these co-ordinates to show where the text is in the starting
my_text = c.create_text(x,y,text = '-----')
c.pack()
# This is all you need to create this text on your screen!
root.mainloop()
The idea is that you put your canvas up on your window , and then place whatever you want on it.
There are a lot more attributes that you can add to make your text look even better. Here is an in-depth tutorial on it.
Now that we have made your text widget, It is now time to move it around. Let us move it to 90,20 From our initial position which is 20,20
Here is how we will do it. If we simply move to text object to 90,90, We won't see any animations, it will just directly have it there. So what we will do is first create it at 21,20. Then 22,20. And so on...
We do this really fast till we reach 90,20
This looks like we are moving the text
from tkinter import *
import time
root = Tk()
root.title("My animation")
c = Canvas(root)
x = 20
y = 20 #Instead of using row and column, you simply use x and y co-ordinates
#We will use these co-ordinates to show where the text is in the starting
my_text = c.create_text(x,y,text = 'weee')
c.pack()
def animation():
y = 0.1
x = 0
for _ in range(1000):
c.move(my_text,x,y)
root.update()
anlabel = Button(root,text = 'Animate!',command = animation).pack()
root.mainloop()
This is not only applicable to text, but everything (like other images)that is there on the canvas. The canvas also has Events which will let you use mouse-clicks and other keys on the computer too.
I have made some changes from the previous code, But it is executable and you can try it for yourself to see how it works. increasing the value in time.sleep() makes the animation slower, the lesser the value, the faster.
Are you sure you aren't trying to do something more like the below example? Animating the padding on one of your widgets is going to screw up the rest of your display.
from tkinter import *
import time
root = Tk()
lbl = Label(root, text='')
lbl.grid(row=0, column=0)
def animation(step=12):
step = 12 if step < 0 else step
lbl['text'] = ' ------ '[step:step+6]
root.after(200, lambda: animation(step-1))
Button(root, text='Animate', command=animation).grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='w')
root.mainloop()
I'm new to Python, I'm trying to add widgets in an window which can be used when we click on an button when in Tkinter GUI.
I'm unable to add an window into the GUI button and I'm doubtful about the Code which can be Implemented as well. I hope I could get some inputs on this.
I'm running on IDLE 3.6.3.I would be grateful if someone could point out the additions that could be made and the changes in the current code.
ConnectLogo=PhotoImage(file="Connect.png")
Connect = Button(win,image=ConnectLogo,text = "Connect", font = myFont,height =100 , width = 100,compound=TOP,bg = "orange")
Connect.grid(row=3,column=1,padx=50,pady=40)
FrequencyLogo=PhotoImage(file="Frequency.png")
Frequency = Button(win,image=FrequencyLogo, text = "Frequency", font = myFont, height = 100, width =180,compound=TOP,bg = "Yellow")
Frequency.grid(row=3,column=2,padx=10)
MaskLogo=PhotoImage(file="Mask.gif")
Mask = Button(win,image=MaskLogo, text = "Mask", font = myFont, height = 100, width =180,compound=TOP,bg = "yellow")
Mask.grid(row=6,column=2,padx=10)
You can make a function, which will implement TopLevel.
This creates a new window into which you can add widgets, add them inside the function.Inside the function you root becomes window
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
def new_window():
window = TopLevel(root)
...widgets like label, entry etc
label = Label(window,....)
btn = Button(...., command = new_window)
btn.pack()...(anything)
So I am trying to make a text-based game, but also want to incorporate images into it, I have a main menu, a window that is always open, and then a game window, that should have the image in, but for some reason, it appears in the menu window instead. Has anyone got any idea why?
def menu():
master = Tk()
master.geometry("350x300")
master.wm_iconbitmap("zombie.ico")
master.configure(background = '#484a2c')
master.title("Menu")
def game():
master = Tk()
master.geometry("800x500")
master.title("Game")
master.wm_iconbitmap("zombie.ico")
master.configure(background = '#484a2c')
image = PhotoImage(file="Kitchenimage.gif")
label5 = Label(image=image)
label5.image = image
label5.pack()
label = Label(master, text = "Zombie Mansion", background = '#484a2c',
font = ("AR CHRISTY", 30))
label.pack()
b = Button(master,text = "Play Game", height = 1, width = 10)
b.config(background = '#484a2c', activebackground = '#484a2c', font =
("AR CHRISTY", 14), command = get_username)
b.place(x = 120, y = 70)
mainloop()
"Why is my image appearing on the wrong window in Tkinter?"
Assuming you have another instance of Tk as what you refer to as main menu somewhere in your code that you're not showing us like:
main = Tk()
in addition to master = Tk() in your game method, then it's because when you instantiate widgets without passing a parent widget explicitly like in:
label5 = Label(image=image)
then the widget's parent defaults to the Tk instance whose mainloop is being run, in above case supposedly main's. By default widgets are shown under their parents, hence the reason.
Pass parent explicitly like:
label5 = Label(master=main, image=image)
or
label5 = Label(master, image=image)
In most cases, if not all cases, you shouldn't have multiple instances of Tk. If you require additional windows, please use Toplevel widget.
I am trying to write a Tkinter code where it image, which looks like rain will start to move, if button called "Rain" is pressed.
I can not yet tell how the image move part works, but the problem is that when I click on the "Rain" button, it writes -> "Rain" like it should but no image appears on Canvas.
Another interesting thing is that when i take
Here is my code:
root = Tk()
#Create the canvas
canvas = Canvas(width=1000, height=1000)
canvas.pack()
#This is the part that does not work
#Nothing appears when this function is called
def Rain():
image3 = "Drops.png"
drops = PhotoImage(file = image3)
drops_background = canvas1.create_image(100, 100, image=drops)
while True:
canvas1.move(drops_background, 10, 10)
print("Rain")
#Adding a button and making it to use function "Rain"
frame = Frame(root)
frame.pack()
button1 = Button(frame, text = "Rain", command = Rain, fg = "red" ).pack(side = LEFT)
root.mainloop()
Another interesting thing is that if I place this part out of the function it starts working.
image3 = "Drops.png"
drops = PhotoImage(file = image3)
drops_background = canvas1.create_image(100, 100, image=drops)
If anyone could tell me what is wrong here or at least point me in the right direction that would help me out a lot.
There is issue in PhotoImage (or rather in PIL and Pillow module) - PhotoImage must be assigned to global variable.
If PhotoImage is assigned to local variable then Garbage Collector remove it from memory.
My full working example with after
import Tkinter as tk
import random
# --- globals ---
drops_background = None
drops = None
# --- functions ---
def rain():
global drops_background
global drops
filename = "Drops.png"
drops = tk.PhotoImage(file=filename) # there is some error in PhotoImage - it have to be assigned to global variable
drops_background = canvas.create_image(100, 100, image=drops)
# move after 250ms
root.after(250, move) # 250ms = 0.25s
def move():
global drops_background
# TODO: calculate new position
x = random.randint(-10, 10)
y = random.randint(-10, 10)
# move object
canvas.move(drops_background, x, y)
# repeat move after 250ms
root.after(250, move) # 250ms = 0.25s
# --- main ----
root = tk.Tk()
#Create the canvas
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width=1000, height=1000)
canvas.pack()
#This is the part that does not work
#Nothing appears when this function is called
#Adding a button and making it to use function "Rain"
frame = tk.Frame(root)
frame.pack()
button1 = tk.Button(frame, text="Rain", command=rain, fg="red" )
button1.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
root.mainloop()
after add function and time to its list and mainloop run function from this list after given time.
after expects function name without ()