I have Centos 6 on my server and I've been trying to install a few packages (modules) for it. I just brought the ones on my windows to the ftp client in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages, but when I run my script one of them - lxml gives me an error:
File "plugins/util/http.py", line 12, in <module>
from lxml import etree, html
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/lxml/html/__init__.py", line 12, in <module>
ImportError: cannot import name etree
The same code worked perfectly on Windows 7 & Linux Ubuntu 10.04.
Does anyone know why it returns this error? I haven't modified anything, just moved the module from windows to my python2.6 directory on my vps.
#root:
>>> import lxml;print lxml
<module 'lxml' from '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/lxml/__init__.pyc'>
>>>
#ig
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m32 -march=i686 -mtune=atom -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m32 -march=i686 -mtune=atom -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/tmp/pip-build/lxml/src/lxml/includes -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.6/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o
unable to execute gcc: No such file or directory
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
Or install it from EPEL (the easiest way):
# install EPEL if you don't have it yet
sudo rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# instal python-lxml
sudo yum -y install python-lxml
lxml is not a pure Python module. It's mostly written in Cython and hence compiles to native code. The binary files from your Windows machine are incompatible with CentOS (and Linux in general).
Your best bet is to follow the instructions on installing lxml, i.e., install the libxslt-devel and libxml2-devel packages and use pip to compile lxml or compile it manually yourself. If you go for compiling it yourself, there's a previous question with some useful info and further info on the lxml site.
Installation
I don't have a CentOS machine to test this on. The easiest method to install would be via ip, which should be available as a package through Yum. If not, you can install it using the following commands (from the documentation for distribute, a pre-requisite for pip):
curl -O http://python-distribute.org/distribute_setup.py
python distribute_setup.py
easy_install pip
From there, just run:
pip install lxml
And it should install fine.
If you want to skip pip (though, ultimately, pip makes managing dependencies a lot easier, so its well worth doing)
Locate the appropriate version of lxml on PyPI
Download the source from the download URL (should be a tar.gz file)
Extract the tar archive using tar -xzf lxml-<version>.tar.gz
cd into the extracted directory and run python setup.py install
Note that any of the above commands may need to be run as root if your installation is only modifiable by root. Installation commands are python distribute_setup.py, easy_install pip and python setup.py install.
Related
I am trying to install a package called PySIT to be run with Python, and have followed the instructions on this install page (https://pysit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/install.html) using pip on my terminal to install PySIT.
I am using macOS Catalina for this, and have Anaconda installed on my computer.
This is the output I get on my terminal when I run the command: python setup.py install
gcc-8 -fno-strict-aliasing -I/Users/KBrindha/anaconda2/include -arch x86_64 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/Users/KBrindha/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include -Ipysit/solvers/fd_tools -I/Users/KBrindha/anaconda2/include/python2.7 -c pysit/solvers/constant_density_acoustic/time/scalar/solvers_wrap.cxx -o build/temp.macosx-10.6-x86_64-2.7/pysit/solvers/constant_density_acoustic/time/scalar/solvers_wrap.o -O3 -fopenmp -ffast-math
unable to execute 'gcc-8': No such file or directory
error: command 'gcc-8' failed with exit status 1
Any help on how to bypass this issue or install gcc-8 would be appreciated.
For further information, I have Xcode and Xcode Command Line Tools installed in my computer.
I also have "just" gcc (not gcc-8) installed at /usr/bin/gcc.
The authors inserted fixed names for compilers right into their setup.py. This is a bug and I recommend to report it.
Meanwhile you can clone the repository or download source code, extract it, edit setup.py and remove or replace these fixed names. Then build with the command pip install .
I have simple python + cython project (hello world example from http://docs.cython.org/src/tutorial/cython_tutorial.html) on my ubuntu 16 x86_64. I can build this project with cython for x86_64.
How can I build the project for armv7 version of ubuntu 15 without using real armv7 board/cpu?
I have arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc (http://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/devel/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf) and it can compile simple C programs for armv7. How can I change settings of cython to use cross compiler for building shared objects for arm?
Architecture dependent libraries and headers files are needed for cross compiling.
When testing if python3.5-dev package and others could be installed after dpkg --add-architecture armhf and apt-get update (after some modification to sources.list), the result was basically.
python3.5-dev:armhf : Depends: python3.5:armhf (= 3.5.1-10) but it is not going to be installed
apt-get install python3.5:armhf is something that doesn't work, see
The existing proposals allow for the co-installation of libraries and
headers for different architectures, but not (yet) binaries.
One possible solution that does not require "full" virtual machine is provided by QEMU and chroot. A suitable directory for chroot can be created by debootstrap command. After creation, schroot can give access to that environment.
Substitute <DIRECTORY> and <USER> in the following commands:
apt-get install -y debootstrap qemu-user-static binfmt-support schroot
debootstrap --arch=armhf --foreign --include=gcc,g++,python3.5-dev xenial <DIRECTORY>
cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static <DIRECTORY>/usr/bin
chroot <DIRECTORY>
/debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage
echo "deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports xenial universe" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports xenial multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
apt-get update
apt-get install -y cython cython3
exit
cat <<END > /etc/schroot/chroot.d/xenial-armhf
[xenial-armhf]
description=Ubuntu xenial armhf
type=directory
directory=/home/xenial-armhf
groups=sbuild,root
root-groups=sbuild,root
users=root,<USER>
END
The environment should be accessible by
schroot -c chroot:xenial-armhf
and for root user session (the user must be in a group listed in root-groups) ,
schroot -c chroot:xenial-armhf -u root
After this, it is also possible to cross compile a cython module:
hello.pyx:
print("hello world")
compiling (python3.5-config --cflags and python3.5-config --libs in chroot for options, note -fPIC):
cython hello.pyx
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc --sysroot <DIRECTORY> -I/usr/include/python3.5m -I/usr/include/python3.5m -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -c hello.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc --shared --sysroot <DIRECTORY> -lpython3.5m -lpthread -ldl -lutil -lm hello.o -o hello.so
The module can be then tested
schroot -c chroot:xenial-armhf
python3
import hello
Cross compiling cython based python modules may also work. With setup.py
from distutils.core import setup
from distutils.extension import Extension
from Cython.Distutils import build_ext
import os
os.environ['CC'] = 'arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc'
os.environ['LDSHARED'] = 'arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -shared'
sysroot_args=['--sysroot', '/path/to/xenial-armhf']
setup(cmdclass = {'build_ext': build_ext},
ext_modules= [ Extension("hello", ["hello.pyx"],
extra_compile_args=sysroot_args,
extra_link_args=sysroot_args) ])
Building a simple hello world module was possible this way. The file name for the module was wrong, in this case it was hello.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so. After renaming it as hello.so it was possible to import it.
Tried various avenues but no luck. I am using a MBP with 10.7.4. I don't remember the last time I had so many problems installing anything with Python on my Mac. Please help me use lxml on my local machine and not rely on SVN commits, updates to remotely run on the Linux machine.
$ sudo STATIC_DEPS=true /usr/bin/easy_install-2.7 lxml
Password:
Searching for lxml
Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/lxml/
Reading http://codespeak.net/lxml
Best match: lxml 2.3.4
Downloading http://lxml.de/files/lxml-2.3.4.tgz
Processing lxml-2.3.4.tgz
Running lxml-2.3.4/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-mbyEtk/lxml-2.3.4/egg-dist-tmp-O_t_3P
Building lxml version 2.3.4.
Latest version of libiconv is 1.14
Downloading libiconv into libs/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
error: [Errno 60] Operation timed out
Tried the following with no luck
$ python setup.py build
$ STATIC_DEPS=true sudo easy_install --allow-hosts=lxml.de,*.python.org lxml
$ sudo pip install lxml
llvm-gcc-4.2 -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -g -Os -pipe -fno-common -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -mno-fused-madd -DENABLE_DTRACE -DMACOSX -DNDEBUG -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wshorten-64-to-32 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -Os -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DENABLE_DTRACE -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -pipe -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.7-intel-2.7/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -w -flat_namespace
unable to execute llvm-gcc-4.2: No such file or directory
error: command 'llvm-gcc-4.2' failed with exit status 1
I first installed MacPorts and then:
$ sudo port install python27 py27-lxml
And this gave me a functioning lxml installation.
Regarding your error messages, you appear to be missing the compiler command that pip is using to build lxml (llvm-gcc-4.2). Do you have the OS X development tools installed? You should find that file in /usr/bin/llvm-gcc-4.2; if it's not there, you probably need to download and install the development package.
You can install the XCode developer tools via the App Store. If you read the comments in the app store, you'll note that in order to make the command line tools available you need to install them separately. In XCode, go to Preferences->Downloads and download the "Command line tools" package.
To future users who are going over this page, here is a step-by-step guide to installing lxml on Mac OSX.
Go to Xcode, and go to Preferences, and then go to the Downloads tab, and select "Command Line Tools". Download Command Line Tools
Go to Applications, then Utilities, and then Terminal, and open the Terminal. In terminal, type "easy_install pip". Note: If it says "error: /usr/local/bin/pip: Permission denied", then type "chmod 777 /usr/local/bin/". now try step 2 again.
Type: pip install "Cython>=0.18"
After it is finished, type: pip install lxml
Open up python IDLE and test if you can import lxml, have fun!
I had to do:
"sudo port uninstall py-lxml", "sudo port uninstall py24-lxml", and "sudo port install py27-lxml" and then I uninstalled lxml with pip, and re-installed with pip and it worked!
Trying to install Cython on a small VPS running Ubuntu Server. Did
sudo apt-get install gcc
and then
python setup.py install
In the Cython directory, but I get this peculiar error.
running install
running build
running build_py
running build_ext
building 'Cython.Plex.Scanners' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c Cython/Plex/Scanners.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/Cython/Plex/Scanners.o
Cython/Plex/Scanners.c:4:20: error: Python.h: No such file or directory
Cython/Plex/Scanners.c:6:6: error: #error Python headers needed to compile C extensions, please install development version of Python.
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
Why should I need a 'development version of Python'? Running Python 2.6.5 (r265:79063, Apr 16 2010, 13:57:41). Thanks!
You need the developer version of Python - i.e. the Python header files (Python.h)
sudo apt-get install python-dev
You need the headers included in the development version of Python, i.e. python.h. It should be packaged in Ubuntu as python-dev.
Question
How do I install SSL for Python 2.5 on Debian?
I have tried:
sudo easy_install ssl
But getting:
$ python setup.py build
looking for /usr/include/openssl/ssl.h
looking for /usr/include/krb5.h
running build
running build_py
running build_ext
building 'ssl._ssl2' extension
creating build/temp.linux-i686-2.5
creating build/temp.linux-i686-2.5/ssl
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I./ssl/2.5.1 -I/usr/include/python2.5 -c ssl/_ssl2.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.5/ssl/_ssl2.o
In file included from ssl/_ssl2.c:75:
./ssl/2.5.1/socketmodule.h:45:33: error: bluetooth/bluetooth.h: No such file or directory
./ssl/2.5.1/socketmodule.h:46:30: error: bluetooth/rfcomm.h: No such file or directory
./ssl/2.5.1/socketmodule.h:47:29: error: bluetooth/l2cap.h: No such file or directory
./ssl/2.5.1/socketmodule.h:48:27: error: bluetooth/sco.h: No such file or directory
In file included from ssl/_ssl2.c:75:
./ssl/2.5.1/socketmodule.h:98: error: field ‘bt_l2’ has incomplete type
./ssl/2.5.1/socketmodule.h:99: error: field ‘bt_rc’ has incomplete type
./ssl/2.5.1/socketmodule.h:100: error: field ‘bt_sco’ has incomplete type
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
Solution
sudo apt-get install libbluetooth-dev
sudo rm /usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/ssl/__init__.pyc
For reference, you must install libbluetooth-dev.
In fact, you shouldn't compile your own version of python ssl module for several reasons:
you won't get automatic security updates of your python ssl module;
you won't get smooth upgrade path if you decide to upgrade Debian system on your server.
The best way to obtain python ssl module is to install it from official Debian repositories using apt-get:
apt-get install python-openssl
Hope this helps.