checking if the first letter of a word is a vowel - python

I am trying to use python to write a function that checks whether the first letter of a given word, for instance "ball" is a vowel in either uppercase or lowercase. So for instance:
#here is a variable containing a word:
my_word = "Acrobat"
#letters in vowel as a list
the_vowel = ["a","e","i","o","u"]
How do a check that the first letter in "Acrobat" is one of the vowels in the list? I also need to take into consideration whether it is upper or lowercase?

try my_word[0].lower() in the_vowel

I don't know if it is better than the answers already posted here, but you could also do:
vowels = ('a','e','i','o','u','A','E','I','O','U')
myWord.startswith(vowels)

Here are some hints to help you figure it out.
To get a single letter from a string subscript the string.
>>> 'abcd'[2]
'c'
Note that the first character is character zero, the second character is character one, and so forth.
The next thing to note is that an upper case letter does not compare equal to a lower case letter:
>>> 'a' == 'A'
False
Luckily, python strings have the methods upper and lower to change the case of a string:
>>> 'abc'.upper()
'ABC'
>>> 'a' == 'A'.lower()
True
To test for membership in a list us in:
>>> 3 in [1, 2, 3]
True
>>> 8 in [1, 2, 3]
False
So in order to solve your problem, tie together subscripting to get a single letter, upper/lower to adjust case, and testing for membership using in.

my_word = "Acrobat"
the_vowel = "aeiou"
if myword[0].lower() in the_vowel:
print('1st letter is a vowel')
else:
print('Not vowel')

My code looks like this.
original = raw_input("Enter a word:")
word = original.lower()
first = word[0]
vowel = "aeiou"
if len(original) > 0 and original.isalpha():
if first in vowel:
print word
print first
print "vowel!"
else:
print word
print first
print "consonant

x = (input ("Enter any word: "))
vowel = "aeiouAEIOU"
if x[0] in vowel:
print ("1st letter is vowel: ",x)
else:
print ("1st letter is consonant: ",x)

Here's how I did it since the inputted word needs to be checked first before storing it as a variable:
original = raw_input('Enter a word:')
if len(original) > 0 and original.isalpha():
word = original.lower()
first = word[0]
if first in ['a','e','i','o','u']:
print "vowel"
else:
print "consonant"
else:
print 'empty'

changes:
if my_word[0] in ('a','e','i','o','u'):
print(' Yes, the first letter is vowel ')
else:
print(' No, the first letter is not vowel ')
So, Here is the simple code for finding out that the first letter is either vowel or not!! If you have any further query in python or js, then comment it down.

import ast,sys
input_str = sys.stdin.read()
if input_str[0] in ['a','e','i','o','u','A','E','I','O','U']:
print('YES')
else:
print('NO')

Here is the solution to the exercise on codecadmy.com:
original = raw_input('Enter a word:')
word = original.lower()
first = word[0]
vowel = "aeiou"
if len(original) > 0 and original.isalpha():
if first in vowel:
print 'vowel'
else:
print 'consonant'
else:
print 'empty'

Will it not be (slightly) faster to define the_vowel as a dictionary than a list?
the_vowel = {"a":1,"e":1,"i":1,"o":1,"u":1}
my_word[0].lower() in the_vowel

anti vowel Function
def anti_vowel(text):
vowel = ["a","e","i","o","u"]
new_text = ''
for char in text:
if char.lower() in vowel:
continue
else:
new_text += char
print new_text
return new_text

x = raw_input("Enter a word: ")
vowels=['a','e','i','o','u']
for vowel in vowels:
if vowel in x:
print "Vowels"
else:
print "No vowels"
This would print out 5 lines, if any of those includes a line that says Vowels then that means there is a vowel. I know this isn't the best way but it works.

Let's do it in more simply way
def check_vowel(s1):
v=['a','e','i','o','u']
for i in v:
if s1[0].lower()==i:
return (f'{s1} start with Vowel word {i}')
else:
return (f" {s1} start with Consonants word {s1[0]}")
print(check_vowel("orange"))

inp = input('Enter a name to check if it starts with vowel : ') *# Here we ask for a word*
vowel = ['A','E','I','O','U', 'a','e','i','o','u'] *# This is the list of all vowels*
if inp[0] in vowel:
print('YES') *# Here with the if statement we check if the first alphabet is a vowel (alphabet from the list vowel)*
else:
print('NO') *# Here we get the response as NO if the first alphabet is not a vowel*

my_word = "Acrobat"
the_vowel = ["a", "e", "i", "o", "u"]
if my_word[0].lower() in the_vowel:
print(my_word + " starts with a vowel")
else:
print(my_word + " doesnt start with a vowel")

input_str="aeroplane"
if input_str[0].lower() in ['a','e','i','o','u']:
print('YES')
else:
print('NO')
Output will be YES as the input string starts with a here.

Related

Python if...in.. statement. Check for vowel in word

I'm trying to check if the user input contains a vowel or not. However, I've only found how to check for one vowel at a time, but not all.
vowel = ("a")
word = input("type a word: ")
if vowel in word:
print (f"There is the vowel {vowel} in your word")
else:
print ("There is no vowel in your word")
This seems to work but I get a error if I try to make the vowel variable into a list. ["a","e","i","o","u"]
any ideas how to check for e i o u at the same time?
If you do not need to know which vowels are present, you can use any as follows.
vowels = ("a", "e", "i", "o", "u")
word = input("type a word: ")
if any(v in word for v in vowels):
print("There is at least one vowel in your word.")
else:
print("There is no vowel in your word.")
One way to keep track is also to have an existence list that keeps all vowels that exist in a word.
existence = []
vowels = ["a","e","i","o","u"]
test_word = "hello" # You can change this to receive input from user
for char in test_word:
if char in vowels:
existence.append(char)
if existence and len(existence) > 0:
for char in existence:
print(f"These vowels exist in your input {test_word} - {char}")
else:
print(f"There are no vowels existing in your input {test_word}")
Output:
These vowels exist in your input hello - e
These vowels exist in your input hello - o
A regular expression can tell you not only if there's a vowel in a string, but which vowels and their order.
>>> import re
>>> re.findall('[aeiou]', 'hello')
['e', 'o']
I feel that if you want to use only if statements, then you can only choose one of the vowels but if you wish to use the for and if statements, it can go through with the whole vowels
I can solve your problem.
Here is the code:
vowels = {'a','e','i','o','u'}
word = input("Enter a word: ")
for vowel in word:
if vowel in vowels:
print(vowel,"is a vowel")
you have to iterate over the list.
vowels = ["a","e","i","o","u"]
word = input("type a word: ")
for vowel in vowels:
if vowel in word:
print (f"There is the vowel {vowel} in your word")
else:
print ("There is no vowel in your word")
iteration is the proces where you go through each item in a list.
for example.
list_a = ['a', 'b', 'c' ]
for item in list_a:
print(item)
#output will be a b c
since other user complained in a comment. If you want to stop the loop after vowel found, you should add break statment
vowels = ["a","e","i","o","u"]
word = input("type a word: ")
for vowel in vowels:
if vowel in word:
print (f"There is the vowel {vowel} in your word")
break
else:
print ("There is no vowel in your word")

Editing a String without Python Commands (with "for i in range")

For an assignment, I need code that asks the user for a word and a letter. Then, it edits the word to not include the specific letter. It needs in include a "for i in range" statement. The code before works but doesn't use a for loop and uses a python command.
word1 = raw_input ("Give me a word! ")
letter1 = raw_input ("Give me a letter! ")
modify = word1.replace(letter1,"")
check = word1.find(letter1)
if check == -1:
print "There is no letters to replace in", word1
check = 0
if check >= 1:
print modify
How about:
word = raw_input('Give me a word! ')
letter = raw_input('Give me a letter! ')
cleaned = ''
for i in range(len(word)):
if word[i] != letter:
cleaned += word[i]
if cleaned:
print cleaned
else:
print 'There is no letters to replace in', word
You can iterate through a string letter by letter like you would a list or dict
word='someword'
for letter in word:
print(letter)

Hangman Game - Duplicate characters issue in lists

I've been making a hangman game and ran into a problem with the lists. If the user input matches any of the characters in the list, the letter's place in said list is found and then added to that position in a blank list. However, words such as "television" that contain duplicate characters don't work. Instead, it will print "tel_vis_on". Sorry if this is a vague post, I don't know the terminology.
def guess():
letter = input ("Please enter a letter:")
if letter in word:
print ("Correct!")
letterPlace = word.index(letter)
answer[letterPlace] = letter
print (*answer)
else:
print ("Wrong!")
if answer == word :
print ("You guessed it! Well Done!")
#end here
else:
guess()
from random import choice
objects = ["computer","television"]
word = choice(objects)
word = (list(word))
wordcount = len(word)
answer = ["_"]*wordcount
print (*answer)
guess()
In that part:
if letter in word:
print ("Correct!")
letterPlace = word.index(letter)
answer[letterPlace] = letter
word.index(letter) will return the index of the first occurrence of the letter.
So you'll replace only the first underscore by the letter. Do that instead:
if letter in word:
print ("Correct!")
for letterPlace in (idx for idx,l in enumerate(word) if l==letter):
answer[letterPlace] = letter
the code loops and if it finds the letter, the generator expression yields the index, to replace the underscore.
you can try this if you want. pretty easy to understand if you don't want anything too complicated:
def findOccurences(s, ch):
return [i for i, letter in enumerate(s) if letter == ch]
def guess():
letter = input ("Please enter a letter:")
if letter in word:
print ("Correct!")
letterPlace = findOccurences(word,letter)
for i in letterPlace:
answer[i] = letter
print (*answer)
else:
print ("Wrong!")
if answer == word :
print ("You guessed it! Well Done!")
#end here
else:
guess()
from random import choice
objects = ["computer","television"]
word = choice(objects)
word = (list(word))
wordcount = len(word)
answer = ["_"]*wordcount
print (*answer)
guess()
Nice game by the way.
The issue here is that you are replacing only the first occurrence of the letter. In order to replace all occurances, use the re function like this:
def guess():
letter = input ("Please enter a letter:")
if letter in word:
print ("Correct!")
letterPlace = [m.start() for m in re.finditer(letter, word)]
for index in letterPlace:
answer[index] = letter

Pig Latin Python program

I've been working on a Pig Latin program. However, it doesn't seem to be working and I can't figure out why.
user_input = input("Enter word to be translated:")
def translate(user_input):
first = user_input[0]
if first == "a" or "e" or "i" or "o" or "u":
user_input = user_input.lower()
user_input += "way"
return user_input
else:
user_input = user_input.lower()
user_input = user_input[1:]+first+"ay"
return user_input
print(translate(user_input))
On top of that, I was looking to utilize enumerate to find the position of the first vowel, slicing to isolate the first letter of the word and concatenation to form the word. I've read up on how to use it on a couple websites but I can't seem to figure out how to correctly apply it to this program. I think I would have to define Vowels = 'aeiou' before def translate(user_input) right??
You cannot chain if statements like that in Python, you have to do it the long way:
if first == "a" or first == "e" or first == "i" or first == "u":
or shorten it to:
if first in ["a", "e", "i", "u"]:
Here is the solution. I've made a few changes in your code which i will be explaining below.
user_input = input("Enter word to be translated:\n")
#change_1
vowels = ['a','e','i','o','u']
def translate(user_input):
first = user_input[0]
#change_2
if first in vowels:
user_input = user_input.lower()
user_input += "way"
return user_input
else:
user_input = user_input.lower()
#change_3
for letter in user_input:
if letter in vowels:
index_value = user_input.index(letter)
break
#change_4
user_input = user_input[index_value:] +user_input[:index_value]+ "ay"
return user_input
print(translate(user_input))
1) Create a list of vowels.
2) As our friend #zwer mentioned You cannot chain if statements like that in
Python. So
if first in vowels:
3) For every letter in user_input check if that letter is a vowel and if that letter is a vowel then find the index of it's occurrence.
For example take the word 'trash'
Here a is the first vowel and it's index is 2
if letter in vowels:
index_value = user_input.index(letter)
4) According to wikipedia
"all letters before the initial vowel are placed at the end of the word sequence"
For the word 'trash' it would be
user_string = user_input[2:] + user_input[:2]+"ay"
which would be slicing the word from that index to end, merged with letters before that index. And finally an "ay".
'ash' + 'tr' + 'ay'
Hope this helps.
You can define vowels in the outer scope.
vowels = 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'
Then anywhere you can use:
if first in vowels:
My Solution covers the below rules:
1. A word is a consecutive sequence of letters (a-z, A-Z) or apostrophes. You may assume that the input to the function will only be a single "word". Examples: Zebra , apple
2. If a word starts with a vowel, the Pig Latin version is the original word with "way" added to the end
3. If a word starts with a consonant, or a series of consecutive consonants, the Pig Latin version transfers ALL consonants up to the first vowel to the end of the word, and adds "ay" to the end.
4. The letter 'y' should be treated as a consonant if it is the first letter of a word, but treated as a vowel otherwise.
5. If the original word is capitalized, the new Pig Latin version of the word should be capitalized in the first letter. If the original capital letter was a consonant, and thus moved, it should not be capitalized once in its new location.
Solution Starts here:
eng_to_pig_latin = {"football": "ootballfay", "Pittsburgh":"Ittsburghpay",
"Apple":"Appleway","oink":"oinkway",
"ontology":"ontologyway","yellow":"ellowyay","yttrium":"iumyttray"}
eng_word = 'yttrium'
vowels = 'aeiou'
def pig_latin(eng_word):
sub,str1 = [],''
first = eng_word[0]
second = eng_word[1]
# Rule 2
if first.lower() in vowels:
piglatin = eng_word +'way'
# Rule 3
elif first.lower() == first and second.lower() in vowels:
piglatin = eng_word[1:]+first+'ay'
elif first.lower()+second.lower() not in vowels:
# Rule 3 & 4
for l in eng_word:
if l not in vowels:
sub.append(l)
else:
str1 = eng_word[eng_word.index(l):]
break
str2 = ''.join(sub)
piglatin = str1+str2+'ay'
else:
# Rule 5
piglatin = eng_word[1:].capitalize()+first.lower()+'ay'
print(f'Test word is {eng_word} and its equivalent piglatin word is
{piglatin}. Comparison with mapping dictionary is
{eng_to_pig_latin[eng_word] == piglatin}')
pig_latin(eng_word)
Note: The dictionary uses is only to cross-check if the results are as expected, which I am doing in the last print statement.
my logic to translate given word in to Pig Latin translation
vowels=['a','e','i','o','u']
def igpay(name):
a_list=list(name)
if a_list[0] in vowels:
print("First letter is a Vowel")
apnd_letters="way"
else:
print("First letter is a Consonant")
a_list.append(a_list[0])
a_list.pop(0)
apnd_letters="ay"
print("Pig transaltion is {0}".format("".join(a_list)+str(apnd_letters)))
Output:
igpay("pig")
First letter is a Consonant
Pig transaltion is igpay
igpay("apple")
First letter is a Vowel
Pig transaltion is appleway
You can do it exactly the same as you are doing it except you will need to change the second line in translate:
if first == "a" or "e" or "i" or "o" or "u":
to:
if first == "a" or first == "e" or first == "i" or first == "o" or first == "u":
or:
if first in 'aeiou':
If you want to be able to use capital letters however, I would recommend changing first to first.lower().
This becomes:
user_input = input("Enter word to be translated:")
def translate(user_input):
first = user_input[0]
if first.lower() in 'aeiou':
user_input = user_input.lower()
user_input += "way"
return user_input
else:
user_input = user_input.lower()
user_input = user_input[1:]+first+"ay"
return user_input
print(translate(user_input))
If you want the code a bit shorter, I have managed to shorten it to:
def translate():
user_input = input('Enter a word or sentence')
for i in range(len(user_input.split())): print(str((user_input.split())[i][1::])+((user_input.split())[i])[0]+'ay', end=' ')
translate()
Here is another two ways to go about it
Method 1:
Using a function that recursively translates words
sentence = str(input('Input Sentence: '))
vowels = 'aeiouAEIOU'
# 1. strip removes whitespace before and after input
# 2. pig_word_latin deals with one word at a time
# 3. join collects all the words into one sentence with spaces
def pig_latin_word(word):
vowelStart = True
#print(word)
if word[0] not in vowels:
vowelStart = False
return pig_latin_word(word[1:] + word[:1])
elif word[0] in vowels and not vowelStart:
return word + 'ay'
elif word[0] in vowels and vowelStart:
return word + 'way'
def pig_latin(sentence):
words: list = sentence.strip().split(' ')
new_words = []
for word in words:
new_words.append(pig_latin_word(word))
print(" ".join(new_words))
pig_latin(sentence)
Method 2:
Using a function that recursively translates sentences by keeping track of spaces
sentence = str(input('Input Sentence: ')).strip()
vowels = 'aeiouAEIOU'
suffix = {}
suffix[True] = 'way'
suffix[False] = 'ay'
def pig_latin(sentence, acc='', cluster='', word=''):
#print('S:'+sentence, 'C:'+cluster, 'W:'+word)
#print('Acc:',acc)
new_word = len(word)==0
vowel_start= len(cluster)==0
#print('NW:',new_word, suffix[vowel_start])
#print('-')
if len(sentence) == 0:
return acc+word+cluster+suffix[vowel_start]
if sentence[0] == ' ':
return pig_latin(sentence[1:], acc+word+cluster+suffix[vowel_start]+' ')
if new_word == True:
if sentence[0] not in vowels:
#print('1---')
return pig_latin(sentence[1:], acc, cluster+sentence[0], '')
elif sentence[0] in vowels and not vowel_start:
#print('2---')
return pig_latin(sentence[1:], acc, cluster, word+sentence[0])
elif sentence[0] in vowels and vowel_start:
#print('3---')
return pig_latin(sentence[1:], acc, '', word+sentence[0])
else:
return pig_latin(sentence[1:], acc, cluster, word+sentence[0])
print(pig_latin(sentence))

Python Codeacademy: Making a list with a string

I'm pondering if I could convert this line of code into a list for all these vowels;
if first== 'a' or first =='e' or first == 'i' or first == 'o' or first =='u':"
I'm thinking str[a,e,i,o,u]
pyg = 'ay'
first = original[0]
original = raw_input('Enter a word:')
if len(original) > 0 and original.isalpha():
print original.lower()
if first== 'a' or first =='e' or first == 'i' or first == 'o' or first =='u':
print "vowel"
else:
print "consonant"
else:
print 'empty'
word = original
if first.lower() in ['a','e','i','o','u']:
print "vowel"
else:
print "consonant"
I think the word you are looking for (Beuller) is Boolean?
You can use a string instead of a list:
if first in "aeiou":
print "vowel"
else:
print "consonant"
Bear in mind that your current code prints the first letter in lowercase, but doesn't actually change it to lowercase. You could use:
if first.lower() in "aeiou":
In Python, str types are like list types in many ways. One of those ways is that the simple and succinct in keyword works just fine for testing membership in both.
pyg = 'ay'
first = original[0]
original = raw_input('Enter a word:')
if len(original) > 0 and original.isalpha():
print original.lower()
if first in 'aeiou':
print "vowel"
else:
print "consonant"
else:
print 'empty'
word = original
You have a few problems here:
first = original[0]
original = raw_input('Enter a word:')
You're trying to access original before it's defined, this is a simple fix, as it says in the comment (+1 DaoWen), just swap those two lines.
However, then you check to make sure something was entered:
if len(original) > 0
But by then, if original doesn't pass that statement, it will have thrown an error with first = original[0], so it may be better to hold off assigning first until you're in the if block:
original = raw_input('Enter a word:')
if len(original) > 0 and original.isalpha():
print original.lower()
first = original[0].lower()
if first in ['a','e','i','o','u']: print "vowel"
else: print "consonant"
else:
print 'empty'
word = original

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