My context dictionary not sending to my templates.
I have function
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.template import RequestContext
def home(request):
return render_to_response('home.html',{'test':'test'},context_instance=RequestContext(request))
and i have simple template such as:
<html>
<body>
my test == {{test}}
</body>
</html>
When i open my site in browser, i have "my test == ".
settings.py is default. I dont use something custom. What the problem?
Server is apache with wsgi module.
I know, but I see your post just now. You did great, but you need something more to do. Here is the view
def home(request):
# You need to retrieve something from the database or create a variable here
test = Test.Objects.all()
# Use Context Dic
context = {
'test': test,
}
# Then Use the return
return render(request, 'home.html', context)
(EDITED)
Now this will work.
Related
This is a view written for my posts app in Django. The problem is that after filling the update form and submitting it happens successfully. But it creates confusion for the user because the same HTML page is there and how can I redirect into the updated object?
def post_update(request,id=None):
instance=get_object_or_404(Post,id=id)
if instance.created_user != request.user.username :
messages.success(request, "Post owned by another user, You are having read permission only")
return render(request,"my_blog/denied.html",{})
else :
form=PostForm(request.POST or None,request.FILES or None,instance=instance)
if form.is_valid():
instance=form.save(commit=False)
instance.save()
context={ "form":form,
"instance":instance }
return render(request,"my_blog/post_create.html",context)
As already suggested by #mdegis you can use the Django redirect function to redirect to another view or url.
from django.shortcuts import redirect
def view_to_redirect_to(request):
#This could be the view that handles the display of created objects"
....
perform action here
return render(request, template, context)
def my_view(request):
....
perform form action here
return redirect(view_to_redirect_to)
Read more about redirect here and here
You can pass positional or keyword argument(s) to the redirect shortcut using the reverse() method and the named url of the view you're redirecting to.
In urls.py
from news import views
url(r'^archive/$', views.archive, name='url_to_redirect_to')
In views.py
from django.urls import reverse
def my_view(request):
....
return redirect(reverse('url_to_redirect_to', kwargs={'args_1':value}))
More about reverse Here
You can use redirect from http shortcuts.
from django.shortcuts import redirect
def my_view(request):
...
object = MyModel.objects.get(...)
return redirect(object) #or return redirect('/some/url/')
Here is the link to official docs.
To redirect from a view to another view, you need to give the conbination of the app name "myapp", colon ":" and the view name "dest_view" which is set in the path in "myapp/urls.py" as shown below. And, you don't need to modify the path in "myapp/urls.py" if you pass data with session with request.session['key'] as shown below:
# "myapp/views.py"
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
def redirect_view(request):
# Here
request.session['person'] = {'name': 'John', 'age': 27}
# Here
return redirect("myapp:dest_view")
def destination_view(request):
return render(request, 'myapp/index.html', {})
You need to give the view name "dest_view" to path() in "myapp/urls.py" as shown below:
# "myapp/urls.py"
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name = "myapp"
urlpatterns = [ # This is view name
path('dest/', views.destination_view, name="dest_view")
]
Then, this is Django Template:
# "myapp/index.html"
{{ request.session.person.name }} {# John #}
{{ request.session.person.age }} {# 27 #}
from django.urls import reverse
def my_view(request):
....
return redirect(reverse('url_to_redirect_to', kwargs={'args_1':value(object.id for specific id)}))
base.html is used as the base template for all other pages. base.html has the navigation bar and in the navigation bar, I want to show the number of messages the user received. Thus, I need to have a variable like {{number_of_messages}} in the base.html.
However, how should I pass this variable to it? Every template extends base.html and is rendered by a function. I don't think returning number_of_messages in all functions is a good way. Is there better way to implement this? How can I pass this variable to all templates?
You can use tags.
#myproject/myproject/templatetags/tags.py
from django import template
register = template.Library()
#register.simple_tag
def number_of_messages(request):
return _number
In your Base.html
{% load tags %}
{% number_of_messages request %}
Have a look at:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/templates/api/#django.template.RequestContext
As long as:
you use the render shortcut in your view (or otherwise take care to use a RequestContext to render your response)
have django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth in your TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS setting (as it is by default)
...then you have the current request's User (or AnonymousUser) instance available in your template as {{ user }} ...I am guessing from there you may be able to access the number of messages directly?
Or perhaps you are using Django's messages framework?
This comes with it's own context processor which (as long as you use render or RequestContext) will make a {{ messages }} var (containing the messages for current user) available in your templates. For 'number of messages' you can do {{ messages|length }}
If none of these built-in options provide what you need you can either:
make your own template context processor which will run for every request and make additional variables available to all templates (when rendered with a RequestContext)
make your own template tag which can be used only where needed... of course if this is used in your base.html and all templates inherit from base.html then it's still going to run for every page.
I find the simplest steps to passing variables to your base templates in django is to add a context_processor.py file like so:
In your app create context_processors.py and declare your variables e.g.:
# context_processors.py
def message_processor(request):
if request.user.is_authenticated:
no_msgs = request.user.profile.msgs
else:
no_msgs = 0
return {
'messages' : no_msgs
}
Then register your process or under TEMPLATES in your settings.py file:
TEMPLATES = [
{
...
'context_processors': [
...
# custom
'appname.context_processors.message_processor',
],
},
},
]
And then you will be able to get that variable anywhere in your app as:
{{ messages }}
If you want the variable in really all the views, then a custom template context processor is probably the best option.
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/templates/api/#subclassing-context-requestcontext
If you want the variable only in some of the views, then you can make those views call a common function that populates the common variables, something like this:
def some_view(request):
params = _common_params(request)
params.update({
# params specific to .some_view
})
return render_to_response('path/to/template, params)
or create a custom decorator like this:
from functools import wraps
def render_with_params():
def _inner(view_method):
def _decorator(request, *args, **kwargs):
params = _common_params(request)
(template_path, view_params) = view_method(request, *args, **kwargs)
params.update(view_params)
return render_to_response(template_path, params, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
return wraps(view_method)(_decorator)
return _inner
#render_with_params()
def some_view(request):
params = { ... }
return ('path/to/template', params)
I know this question was asked before, but none worked for me. I have this code that I want it to be executed when a button is clicked and a message is passed
import time
from sinchsms import SinchSMS
number = '+yourmobilenumber'
message = 'I love SMS!'
client = SinchSMS(your_app_key, your_app_secret)
print("Sending '%s' to %s" % (message, number))
response = client.send_message(number, message)
message_id = response['messageId']
response = client.check_status(message_id)
while response['status'] != 'Successful':
print(response['status'])
time.sleep(1)
response = client.check_status(message_id)
print(response['status'])
Basically, what I need is to add an input in a template "HTML File", this input get passed to the message variable in the code above, same with the number. I can easily do that with instances, but how can the below get executed when a button is clicked from the form in the template?
I'm kinda newbie in Django and still finding my way
Here is the tutorial that explains how to make the python file, but execute it from the shell, not a django application.
I hope I was clear describing my problem and any help would be appreciated!
All you need is a form with a message field. In a view, you want to show that form and when the user press submit, you want to execute your script.
Here is some pseudo-code:
urls.py
url('^my-page/' my_views.my_view, name='my-page'),
forms.py
SmsForm(forms.Form):
message = fields.CharField(...)
my_views.py
def my_view(request):
form = SmsForm(data=request.POST or None)
if request.method == 'POST':
if form.is_valid():
send_sms(form.cleaned_data['message']) # do this last
messages.success(request, "Success")
return HttpResponseRedirect(request.path)
else:
messages.warning(request, "Failure")
return render(request, 'my_template.html', {'form': form})
Check the Django documentation about urls, views, forms and messages and proceed step by step:
get the page to load
get the form to load
get the form submission to work and simply show "Success" or "Failure"
finally, write the send_sms function (you've almost done it)
Lets start from the dust cloud.
What you are asking is mostly about how the web pages work. You need to know how to pass parameters using HTML. There are lots of ways to do it. But with django there is a pattern.
You need a url, and a view to catch any requests. Then you need to create a template and a form inside it. With this form you could create some requests to send data to your view.
To create you need to edit urls.py inside your project add an url:
urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from my_app.views import my_view
urlpatterns = [
...
url(r'^my_url$', my_view, name='my_view')
...
]
For more about urls please look at URL dispatcher page at documentation.
Then create your view inside your app which is my_app in my example. Edit my_app/views.py
my_app/views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
def my_view(request):
return HttpResponse('IT WORKS!')
This way you get a working view which could be accessed with path /my_url. If you run ./manage.py runserver you could access your view from http://localhost:8000/my_url.
To create a form you need to create a template. By default django searches app directories for templates. Create a templates directory in your app, in our case my_app/templates and create an HTML file inside. For example my_app/templates/my_form.html. But i advice to create one more directory inside templates directory. my_app/templates/my_app/my_form.html. This will prevent template conflicts. You can check Templates page at documentation for more.
my_app/templates/my_app/my_form.html
<html>
<body>
<form action="/my_url" method="POST">
{% csrf_token %}
<input type="text" name="number">
<input type="text" name="message">
<input type="submit" value="Run My Code">
</form>
</body>
</html>
This is the one of the ways of creating your form. But I do not recommend it. I will make it prettier. But first lets "Make it work", edit your views.py:
csrf_token is a django builtin template tag, to put CSRF token into your form. By default django requires CSRF tokens at every post
request.
my_app/views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render
def my_view(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
return render('my_app/my_form.html')
elif request.method == 'POST':
# get post parameters or None as default value
number = request.POST.get('number', None)
message = request.POST.get('message', None)
# check if parameters are None or not
if number is None or message is None:
return HttpResponse('Number and Message should be passed')
# your code goes here
...
return HttpResponse('Your code result')
Till this point the purpose of this answer was "Making it work". Lets convert it nice and clean. First of all we would create Form. Forms are like models, which helps you create forms as objects. It also handles form validations. Forms are saved inside forms directory generally. Create my_app/forms.py and edit it:
my_app/forms.py
from django import forms
class MyForm(forms.Form):
number = forms.CharField(max_length=15, required=True)
message = forms.CharField(max_length=160, required=True)
Put your form inside your template:
my_app/templates/my_app/my_form.html
<html>
<body>
<form action="{% url 'my_view' %}" method="POST">
{% csrf_token %}
{{ form }}
</form>
</body>
</html>
Besides the form, the action of the HTML form tag is also changed.
url template tag is used to get url form url name specified in urls.py.
Instead of url tag, {{ request.path }} could have been used.
Create a form instance and pass it to the template rendering:
my_app/views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render
from .forms import MyForm
def my_view(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
form = MyForm()
return render('my_app/my_form.html', {'form': form})
elif request.method == 'POST':
form = MyForm(request.POST)
# check if for is not valid
if not form.is_valid():
# return same template with the form
# form will show errors on it.
return render('my_app/my_form.html', {'form': form})
# your code goes here
...
return HttpResponse('Your code result')
You can use class based vies to write your view, but it's not necessary. I hope it helps.
You can create a view that takes up query parameters from the url and use it for further implementation. Then you can create a link/button in the html template which can redirect you to that url. For example:
in urls.py:
url(r'^run_a/(?P<msg>\w{0,25})/(?P<num>\w{0,25})/$', yourcode, name='get_msg'),
in template:
submit
in views.py:
def get_msg(request,msg,num):
message=msg
number=num
#rest of the code
Hope this helps :)
I have a problem with django
In my views.py i have this
def home(request):
template = "index.html"
test = "hello"
Settings = settings.objects.all()
return render_to_response(template ,{"Settings" : settings}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
And in my index.html
{{test}}
But it doesnt return anything
Also my model has a field called logo_img if i write
{{ Settings.logo_img }}
Doesnt work either , any ideas ?
To render the test variable with "hello":
def home(request):
template = "index.html"
test = "hello"
return render_to_response(template, {"test": test})
As long as your templates directory is configured correctly, and index.html is found, this should work.
I'm not sure what you are using the variable "Settings" for. It's not being referenced after you assign it.
This question already has answers here:
Can I access constants in settings.py from templates in Django?
(17 answers)
Closed 8 years ago.
I want to be able to put certain configuration information in my settings.py file - things like the site name, site url, etc.
If I do this, how can I then access those settings in templates?
Thanks
Let's say in your settings.py file you have:
SITE_URL='www.mydomain.tld/somewhere/'
SITE_NAME='My site'
If you need that in just one or two views:
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.conf import settings
def my_view(request, ...):
response_dict = {
'site_name': settings.SITE_NAME,
'site_url': settings.SITE_URL,
}
...
return render_to_response('my_template_dir/my_template.html', response_dict)
If you need to access these across a lot of apps and/or views, you can write a context processor to save code:
James has a tutorial on this
online.
Some useful information on the when and if of context processors is available on this very site
here.
Inside your my_context_processors.py file you would:
from django.conf import settings
def some_context_processor(request):
my_dict = {
'site_url': settings.SITE_URL,
'site_name': settings.SITE_NAME,
}
return my_dict
Back in your settings.py, activate it by doing:
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
...
# yours
'my_context_processors.some_context_processor',
)
In your views.py, make a view use it like so:
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.template import RequestContext
def my_view(request, ...):
response_dict = RequestContext(request)
...
# you can still still add variables that specific only to this view
response_dict['some_var_only_in_this_view'] = 42
...
return render_to_response('my_template_dir/my_template.html', response_dict)
If using a class-based view:
#
# in settings.py
#
YOUR_CUSTOM_SETTING = 'some value'
#
# in views.py
#
from django.conf import settings #for getting settings vars
class YourView(DetailView): #assuming DetailView; whatever though
# ...
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(YourView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['YOUR_CUSTOM_SETTING'] = settings.YOUR_CUSTOM_SETTING
return context
#
# in your_template.html, reference the setting like any other context variable
#
{{ YOUR_CUSTOM_SETTING }}
If you only need a setting or two for a couple views, Context Processor may be overkill since it will add them to ALL views in your app. But if it's used in a lot of templates, Contest Processor is the way to go.
For the simple one off case just pass whatever setting you need from the view to the template:
from django.conf import settings
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
def some_view(request):
val = settings.SAVED_SETTING
return render_to_response("index.html", {
'saved_setting':val
})
And access the setting in your template via:
{{ saved_setting }}