I am trying to create a GUI that communicates with a RS232 serial object. I'll present an analogous scenario to the problem that I am facing. I want to create a frame with 2 buttons, Start and Stop. The start button calls the 'foo' function:
status = True
def foo():
n = 0
while(getStatus()):
print n
n += 1
sleep(0)
This foo function keeps running until I press stop.
def getStatus():
return status
def stop():
status = False
I understand Tkinter is single-threaded and once I press 'Start', the GUI will freeze. I know this is possible with the after function, but i strictly want to use threading. Is this possible with threading? If so can you please provide a sample code? Thank you.
here is some (not yet perfect) code:
What is missing/broken, but you did not ask for this, I added links:
It does not use locks => the calls to set might brake since they can occur at the same time. read the docs (this is quite easy)
It updates the gui from another thread. see 1 2
possibly more (not a threading guru)
Also for stopping threads look here
import time
import tkinter
from tkinter import ttk
import threading
#gui
root = tkinter.Tk()
root.title("Threading demo")
status = tkinter.StringVar()
elapsed = tkinter.StringVar()
error = tkinter.StringVar()
#thread
class timer(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.stopped = False
#your code here, don't need init if you have no code
def run(self):
status.set('running')
while not self.isStopped():
time.sleep(1)
try:
oldtime = int(elapsed.get())
except ValueError:
oldtime = 0
elapsed.set(oldtime+1)
status.set('stopped')
time.sleep(2)
def isStopped(self):
return self.stopped
def stop(self):
self.stopped = True
#starts/stops thread (manages it)
class threadedOp(object):
def __init__(self):
self.thread = None
def run(self):
if self.thread == None:
self.thread = timer()
status.set('starting')
self.thread.start()
else:
error.set('Thread already running')
def stop(self):
if self.thread != None:
status.set('stopping')
self.thread.stop()
self.thread.join()
error.set('Join complete')
self.thread = None
else:
error.set('No thread to stop')
op = threadedOp()
#remaining gui
mainframe = ttk.Frame(root, padding="3 3 12 12")
mainframe.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=(tkinter.N, tkinter.W, tkinter.E, tkinter.S))
mainframe.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
mainframe.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
ttk.Label(mainframe, textvariable=elapsed).grid(column=1, row=1, sticky=(tkinter.W, tkinter.E))
ttk.Label(mainframe, textvariable=status).grid(column=2, row=1, sticky=(tkinter.W, tkinter.E))
ttk.Label(mainframe, textvariable=error).grid(column=1, row=3, sticky=(tkinter.W, tkinter.E))
ttk.Button(mainframe, text="Start", command=op.run).grid(column=1, row=2, sticky=tkinter.W)
ttk.Button(mainframe, text="Stop", command=op.stop).grid(column=2, row=2, sticky=tkinter.W)
root.mainloop()
Related
So I am making a stopwatch program with tkinter.
At the moment, I am in the process of implementing a stop button for the stopwatch.
I can start the stopwatch and it will update the Label fine but my end button isn't working and I can't seem to figure out why.
Here's my code so far:
from tkinter import *
from time import sleep
import threading
root = Tk()
root.title("Clock")
class Buttons:
def __init__(self, master):
self.menu = Menu(master)
master.config(menu=self.menu)
self.menu.add_command(label="Stopwatch")
self.menu.add_command(label="Timer")
self.menu.add_command(label="Quit", command=quit)
self.stopwatchStart = Button(master, text="Start", command=self.test_start)
self.stopwatchStart.config(height=2, width=5)
self.stopwatchStart.grid(row=0)
self.stopwatchEnd = Button(master, text="End", command=self.stopwatch_End)
self.stopwatchEnd.config(height=2, width=5)
self.stopwatchEnd.grid(row=1)
self.labelSeconds = Label(master, text="Seconds:")
self.labelSeconds.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.stopwatchSeconds = Label(master, text="0")
self.stopwatchSeconds.grid(row=0, column=2)
def test_start(self):
print("Starting thread")
t = threading.Thread(target=self.stopwatch_Start)
t.setDaemon(True)
t.start()
def stopwatch_Start(self, test=False):
print("Stopwatch started")
stopwatch_seconds = "0"
stopwatchBreak = test
print(f"stopwatchBreak == {stopwatchBreak}")
while not stopwatchBreak:
print(stopwatch_seconds)
stopwatch_seconds = int(stopwatch_seconds)
stopwatch_seconds += 1
self.stopwatchSeconds.config(text=stopwatch_seconds)
root.update()
sleep(1)
print("Stopping stopwatch")
return
def stopwatch_End(self):
Buttons.stopwatch_Start(self, True)
print("Attempting to end")
b = Buttons(root)
root.mainloop()
I am using threading to run the stop watch and the window from tkinter at the same time by the way.
Also I have put several print() across the functions to see what is succeeding and what isn't. I think the problem may have something to do with the thread in test_start(). The loop that won't end when I click the end button is in stopwatch_Start(). It just keeps counting up.
I have received no error messages
Does anyone have any suggestions/alternatives to stopping the stopwatch?
look at this code
def stopwatch_End(self):
Buttons.stopwatch_Start(self, True)
print("Attempting to end")
this is your problem =>
Buttons.stopwatch_Start(self, True)
correct this with:
self.stopwatch_Start(True)
here you are call "stopwatch" on the class Buttons, this is an unbound function!!!
"Buttons.stopwatch" is different than "self.stopwatch" the later is bound to the instance.
from tkinter import *
from time import sleep
from threading import Thread
from threading import Event
root = Tk()
root.title("Clock")
class Buttons:
def __init__(self, master):
self.evt = Event()
self.menu = Menu(master)
master.config(menu=self.menu)
self.menu.add_command(label="Stopwatch")
self.menu.add_command(label="Timer")
self.menu.add_command(label="Quit", command=quit)
self.stopwatchStart = Button(master, text="Start", command=self.test_start)
self.stopwatchStart.config(height=2, width=5)
self.stopwatchStart.grid(row=0)
self.stopwatchEnd = Button(master, text="End", command=self.stopwatch_End)
self.stopwatchEnd.config(height=2, width=5)
self.stopwatchEnd.grid(row=1)
self.labelSeconds = Label(master, text="Seconds:")
self.labelSeconds.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.stopwatchSeconds = Label(master, text="0")
self.stopwatchSeconds.grid(row=0, column=2)
def test_start(self):
print("Starting thread")
t = Thread(target=self.stopwatch_Start)
t.setDaemon(True)
t.start()
def stopwatch_Start(self, test=False):
print("Stopwatch started")
stopwatch_seconds = "0"
stopwatchBreak = test
print(f"stopwatchBreak == {stopwatchBreak}")
# self.evt.is_set() will force the loop to check its actually state if it True or not
while not self.evt.is_set():
print(stopwatch_seconds)
stopwatch_seconds = int(stopwatch_seconds)
stopwatch_seconds += 1
self.stopwatchSeconds.config(text=stopwatch_seconds)
root.update()
sleep(1)
print("Stopping stopwatch")
return
def stopwatch_End(self):
#we set self.evt to True so that the while loop will be broken
self.evt.set()
print("Attempting to end")
b = Buttons(root)
root.mainloop()
I am trying to implement Multithreading while using a GUI in tkinter. I came along this solution, but i am failing to implement it.
So basically i need to know:
How do i need to alter my Code to make the Progressbar interact nice and smoothly, i.e. not going in unresponsive mode when the GUI loses focus?
This is my code boiled down:
from tkinter import *
import queue
import threading
from tkinter.ttk import *
class ThreadedTask(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, queue):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.queue = queue
# Gui class
class MyGui(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent):
super().__init__(parent)
self.parent = parent
self.queue = queue.Queue()
self.init_ui()
# define a button to fulfill long task
def init_ui(self):
self.frame = Frame(self, relief=RAISED, borderwidth=1)
self.frame.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=1, sticky='ns')
self.status_frame = Frame(self, relief=RAISED, borderwidth=1, height=20)
self.status_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky='nesw')
self.status_frame.grid_configure(padx=3, pady=3)
self.button = Button(self.frame, text='do Stuff', command=self.do_stuff)
self.button.grid(padx=3, pady=3)
self.progress = Progressbar(self.status_frame, orient="horizontal", length=80, mode="determinate")
self.progress.grid(row=1, column=0, pady=3, sticky='nesw')
self.grid()
# start ThreadedTask here
def do_stuff(self):
ThreadedTask(self.queue).start()
self.queue_process(DoStuffClass(ui=self))
def queue_process(self, process, retry_time=10):
self.master.after(retry_time, process)
def update_status(self):
self.parent.update_idletasks()
class DoStuffClass:
def __init__(self, ui=None):
self.ui = ui
self.long_task()
def long_task(self):
# do stuff here and update the progressbar from MyGui
self.ui.progress['maximum'] = 10000
# some lengthy task ...
for i in range(10000):
print(i)
self.ui.progress.step()
self.ui.parent.update_idletasks()
# main
root = Tk()
root.geometry("150x80+50+50")
MyGui(root)
root.mainloop()
root.quit()
I think right now my problem is the wrong implementation of queues and Threading, i.e. self.queue_process(DoStuffClass(ui=self))... the behaviour is the same as if i wouldn't use a queue and Multithread at all. The progressbar works, as long as it stays "in focus", which means me not clicking anything else on the desktop. As soon as i'm clicking elsewhere on the desktop and the GUI loses focus, the GUI goes in "unresponsive" mode and the progress bar does not update anymore. Also, sometimes Tcl closes the wrong Thread, which makes the whole program crash.
So after a couple of tries i figured out what to do:
from tkinter import *
import queue
import threading
from tkinter.ttk import *
class ThreadedTask(object):
def __init__(self, parent):
self.parent = parent
self.queue = queue.Queue()
self.gui = MyGui(parent, self.queue)
self.work_queue()
def work_queue(self):
""" Check every 100 ms if there is something new in the queue. """
try:
self.parent.after(200, self.work_queue)
print('working queue with task {}...'.format(self.queue.get_nowait()))
except queue.Empty:
pass
# Gui class
class MyGui(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, queue):
super().__init__(parent)
self.parent = parent
self.queue = queue
self.init_ui()
# define a button to fulfill long task
def init_ui(self):
self.frame = Frame(self, relief=RAISED, borderwidth=1)
self.frame.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=1, sticky='ns')
self.status_frame = Frame(self, relief=RAISED, borderwidth=1, height=20)
self.status_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky='nesw')
self.status_frame.grid_configure(padx=3, pady=3)
self.button = Button(self.frame, text='do Stuff', command=self.init_button_loop)
self.button.grid(padx=3, pady=3)
self.progress = Progressbar(self.status_frame, orient="horizontal", length=80, mode="determinate")
self.progress.grid(row=1, column=0, pady=3, sticky='nesw')
self.grid()
def start_thread(self, function_name, queue):
t = threading.Thread(target=function_name, args=(queue,))
# close thread automatically after finishing task
t.setDaemon(True)
t.start()
# execute button push by spawning a new thread
def init_button_loop(self):
self.start_thread(self.exec_button_loop, self.queue)
# execute long task
def exec_button_loop(self, queue):
self.progress['maximum'] = 10000
for i in range(10000):
# update progressbar
queue.put(self.progress.step())
# main
root = Tk()
root.geometry("150x80+50+50")
client = ThreadedTask(root)
root.mainloop()
The Difficulty was to figure out how to interact with queues and threads, while pressing buttons in the gui.
Basically my fault was to declare the queue in the wrong class and the wrong use of the after function while not knowing where to start the threads.
The new implementation follows the principle of filling the queue up in a new thread, which is spawned when pressing the gui button. The queue is periodically checked from the main thread whether theres something to do. This prevents unresponsiveness due to a safe communication between gui and mainthread.
I'm currently developing a program with a GUI to gather data from a sensor and visualise it within the GUI.
The data from the sensor is stored in a list for further calculations.
What I'm currently trying to do, is starting the logging process in a new thread.
This should stop the GUI from freezing.
My current code:
import tkinter as tk
import time
import threading
class GUI:
def __init__(self, tk_object):
self.gui = tk_object
self.gui.title("Logger")
self.gui.resizable(width=True, height=True)
self.testlabel = tk.Label(self.gui, text="Recording in process")
self.testlabel.grid(row = 7, column = 0)
self.testlabel.config(bg='white')
btn1 = tk.Button(master, text="Start Recording", width=16, height=5, command=lambda: self.start_functions())
btn1.grid(row=2,column=0)
btn2 = tk.Button(master, text="Stop Recording", width=16, height=5, command=lambda: self.stop_functions())
btn2.grid(row=3,column=0)
def start_functions(self):
"""Calls the method get_sample in a new thread and changes the bg-color of the label to red"""
Thread_1 = threading.Thread(target=self.get_sample(), name='Thread1')
Thread_1.start()
self.testlabel.config(bg='red')
def stop_functions(self):
"""Stops all active threads and changes bg-color of the label back to white"""
#stop_threads = threading.Event()
#stop_threads.set()
threading.Event().set()
self.testlabel.config(bg='white')
def get_sample(self):
"""get data and append it to a list"""
while not threading.Event().is_set():
time.sleep(1)
res_cel.append(res_cel[-1]+1)
x_value.append(x_value[-1]+1)
print(res_cel)
print(x_value)
master = tk.Tk()
master_object = GUI(master)
master.mainloop()
Currently, the get_sample method contains a placeholder.
I'm trying to stop the Thread1 (where the get_sample method is running in) via the Event() handler.
while not threading.Event().is_set():
This doesn't seem to work in a proper way.
Are there better ways to do this?
Before this approach I tried using a class to handle the threads (This was found on stackoverflow, but I can't seem to find it anymore, sorry):
class Controller(object):
def __init__(self):
self.thread1 = None
self.stop_threads = Event()
def run(self):
.. do somehting
and starting / stopping the threads via:
def starting_thread(self):
self.stop_threads.clear()
self.thread1 = Thread(target = self.run)
self.thread1.start()
def stopping_thread(self):
self.stop_threads.set()
self.thread1 = None
Note: These functions are within the Controller Class.
With this solution I wasn't able to alter the lables background color in the GUI Class, since it doesn't know what object it is referencing to.
Im fairly new to programming python so I'd be glad if someone could explain to me what I'm missing here.
Thanks
xSaturn
You'd better create your own Thread object with a method to stop it. A thread stop running when it goes of its run method. Look at the example bellow
import time
import tkinter as tk
from threading import Thread
class MyThread(Thread):
thread_running = False
def run(self):
k = 0
self.thread_running = True
while self.thread_running:
print(k)
k +=1
time.sleep(1)
print("thread ended")
def stop(self):
self.thread_running = False
class Window(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
self.thread = None
tk.Button(self, text="launch thread", command=self.launch_thread)\
.grid(row=1, column=0)
tk.Button(self, text="stop thread", command=self.stop_thread)\
.grid(row=2, column=0)
def launch_thread(self):
if self.thread:
print("thread already launched")
else:
print("thread launched")
self.thread = MyThread()
self.thread.start()
def stop_thread(self):
if self.thread:
self.thread.stop()
self.thread = None
else:
print("no thread running")
if __name__ == '__main__':
win = Window()
win.mainloop()
See this topic for more information
Is there any way to kill a Thread?
I am trying to change the cursor in my tkinter program to show the program is working but the cursor only changes to the working cursor until after the work is done, this is as compressed as I can make the code
warning: to demonstrate working it will count to 99,999,999 when you press go to page one
import tkinter as tk # python 3
from tkinter import font as tkfont # python 3
#import Tkinter as tk # python 2
#import tkFont as tkfont # python 2
class SampleApp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.title_font = tkfont.Font(family='Helvetica', size=18, weight="bold", slant="italic")
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, PageOne):
page_name = F.__name__
frame = F(parent=container, controller=self)
self.frames[page_name] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame("StartPage")
def show_frame(self, page_name):
'''Show a frame for the given page name'''
frame = self.frames[page_name]
frame.tkraise()
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
label = tk.Label(self, text="This is the start page", font=controller.title_font)
label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
button1 = tk.Button(self, text="Go to Page One",
command=self.go)
button1.pack()
def go(self):
# do something for like 5 seconds to demonstrate working
working(True)
l = [x for x in range(99999999)]
self.controller.show_frame('PageOne')
class PageOne(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
label = tk.Label(self, text="This is page 1", font=controller.title_font)
label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
button = tk.Button(self, text="Go to the start page",
command=self.back)
button.pack()
def back(self):
working(False)
self.controller.show_frame('StartPage')
def working(yesorno):
if yesorno==True:
app.config(cursor='wait')
else:
app.config(cursor='')
app.update_idletasks()
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = SampleApp()
app.mainloop()
Edit: I would like to thank Switch between two frames in tkinter for this app layout example
This code was tested in windows 10 and Python 3. I found the cursor would not change until control was returned to mainloop. The code here outlines how to consistently display the busy cursor during a long running task. Further, this code demonstrates how to retrieve the data from the long running task (like results from a database query).
#! python3
'''
Everything you need to run I/O in a separate thread and make the cursor show busy
Summary:
1. Set up to call the long running task, get data from windows etc.
1a. Issue a callback to the routine that will process the data
2. Do the long running task - absolutely no tkinter access, return the data
3. Get the data from the queue and process away. tkinter as you will
'''
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
from threading import Thread
from threading import Event
import queue
class SimpleWindow(object):
def __init__(self):
self._build_widgets()
def _build_widgets(self):
# *************************************************************************************************
# * Build buttons and some entry boxes
# *************************************************************************************************
g_col = 0
g_row = 0
WaiterFrame = ttk.Frame()
WaiterFrame.pack( padx=50)
i = 0
g_row += 1
longWaitButton = ttk.Button(WaiterFrame, text='Long Wait',command=self.setup_for_long_running_task)
longWaitButton.grid(row = g_row, column = i, pady=4, padx=25)
i += 1
QuitButton = ttk.Button(WaiterFrame, text='Quit', command=self.quit)
QuitButton.grid(row = g_row, column = i,pady=4, padx=25)
i += 1
self.Parm1Label = ttk.Label(WaiterFrame, text="Parm 1 Data")
self.Parm1Label.grid(row = g_row-1, column = i, pady=4, padx=2)
self.Parm1 = ttk.Entry(WaiterFrame)
self.Parm1.grid(row = g_row, column = i, pady=4, padx=2)
i += 1
self.Parm2Label = ttk.Label(WaiterFrame, text="Parm 2 Data")
self.Parm2Label.grid(row = g_row-1, column = i, pady=4, padx=2)
self.Parm2 = ttk.Entry(WaiterFrame)
self.Parm2.grid(row = g_row, column = i, pady=4, padx=2)
i += 1
self.Parm3Label = ttk.Label(WaiterFrame, text="Parm 3 Data")
self.Parm3Label.grid(row = g_row-1, column = i, pady=4, padx=2)
self.Parm3 = ttk.Entry(WaiterFrame)
self.Parm3.grid(row = g_row, column = i, pady=4, padx=2)
i += 1
self.Parm4Label = ttk.Label(WaiterFrame, text="Parm 4 Data")
self.Parm4Label.grid(row = g_row-1, column = i, pady=4, padx=2)
self.Parm4 = ttk.Entry(WaiterFrame)
self.Parm4.grid(row = g_row, column = i, pady=4, padx=2)
def quit(self):
root.destroy()
root.quit()
def setup_for_long_running_task(self):
# ********************************************************************************************************
# * Do what needs to be done before starting the long running task in a thread
# ********************************************************************************************************
Parm1, Parm2, Parm3, Parm4 = self.Get_Parms()
root.config(cursor="wait") # Set the cursor to busy
# ********************************************************************************************************
# * Set up a queue for thread communication
# * Invoke the long running task (ie. database calls, etc.) in a separate thread
# ********************************************************************************************************
return_que = queue.Queue(1)
workThread = Thread(target=lambda q, w_self, p_1, p_2, p_3, p_4: \
q.put(self.long_running_task(Parm1, Parm2, Parm3, Parm4)),
args=(return_que, self, Parm1, Parm2, Parm3, Parm4))
workThread.start()
# ********************************************************************************************************
# * Busy cursor won't appear until this function returns, so schedule a callback to accept the data
# * from the long running task. Adjust the wait time according to your situation
# ********************************************************************************************************
root.after(500,self.use_results_of_long_running_task,workThread,return_que) # 500ms is half a second
# ********************************************************************************************************
# * This is run in a thread so the cursor can be changed to busy. NO tkinter ALLOWED IN THIS FUNCTION
# ********************************************************************************************************
def long_running_task(self, p1,p2,p3,p4):
Event().wait(3.0) # Simulate long running task
p1_out = f'New {p1}'
p2_out = f'New {p2}'
p3_out = f'New {p3}'
p4_out = f'New {p4}'
return [p1_out, p2_out, p3_out, p4_out]
# ********************************************************************************************************
# * Waits for the thread to complete, then gets the data out of the queue for the listbox
# ********************************************************************************************************
def use_results_of_long_running_task(self, workThread,return_que):
ThreadRunning = 1
while ThreadRunning:
Event().wait(0.1) # this is set to .1 seconds. Adjust for your process
ThreadRunning = workThread.is_alive()
while not return_que.empty():
return_list = return_que.get()
self.LoadWindow(return_list)
root.config(cursor="") # reset the cursor to normal
def LoadWindow(self, data_list):
self.Parm1.delete(0, tk.END)
self.Parm2.delete(0, tk.END)
self.Parm3.delete(0, tk.END)
self.Parm4.delete(0, tk.END)
i=0; self.Parm1.insert(0,data_list[i])
i+=1; self.Parm2.insert(0,data_list[i])
i+=1; self.Parm3.insert(0,data_list[i])
i+=1; self.Parm4.insert(0,data_list[i])
# ********************************************************************************************************
# * The long running task thread can't get to the tkinter self object, so pull these parms
# * out of the window and into variables in the main process
# ********************************************************************************************************
def Get_Parms(self):
p1 = self.Parm1Label.cget("text")
p2 = self.Parm2Label.cget("text")
p3 = self.Parm3Label.cget("text")
p4 = self.Parm4Label.cget("text")
return p1,p2,p3,p4
def WaitForBigData():
global root
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Wait with busy cursor")
waitWindow = SimpleWindow()
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
WaitForBigData()
I suspect that all events need to be proceeded to change a cursor's look, because cursor depends on operating system and there're some events to handle (I assume that), since update_idletask has no effect - your cursor really change look only when code flow reaches a mainloop. Since you can treat an update as mainloop(1) (very crude comparison) - it's a good option if you know what you doing, because noone wants an endless loop in code.
Little snippet to represent idea:
try:
import tkinter as tk
except ImportError:
import Tkinter as tk
import time
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
self.button = tk.Button(self, text='Toggle cursor', command=self.toggle_business)
self.button.pack()
def toggle_business(self):
if self['cursor']:
self.config(cursor='')
else:
self.config(cursor='wait')
# self.update_idletasks() # have no effect at all
# self.update() # "local" mainloop(1)
# simulate work with time.sleep
# time.sleep(3)
# also your work can be scheduled so code flow can reach a mainloop
# self.after(500, lambda: time.sleep(3))
app = App()
app.mainloop()
To overcome this problem you can use:
update method (note warnings)
after method for scheduled work (opportunity to reach a mainloop for a code flow)
threading for "threaded" work (another opportunity, but GUI is responsive, you can handle other events and even simulate unresponsiveness, in other hand threading adds complexity, so use it if you really need it).
Note: There's no difference in behaviour between universal and native cursors on Windows platform.
Hi I have a small python gui interface with two buttons, start(That starts a counter) and stop (that is suppose to stop the counter), the counter is an infinite loop since I do not want it to end unless the second button is clicked. The problem is the second button cannot be clicked while the function from the first one is still running.
I read that I need to use threading and I have tried but I do not fully understand how I can do this. Please help.
from Tkinter import *
import threading
class Threader(threading.Thread):
def run(self):
for _ in range(10):
print threading.current_thread().getName()
def main(self):
import itertools
for i in itertools.count(1, 1):
print i
def other(self):
print "Other"
m = Threader(name="main")
o = Threader(name="other")
try:
'''From here on we are building the Gui'''
root = Tk()
'''Lets build the GUI'''
'''We need two frames to help sort shit, a left and a right vertical frame'''
leftFrame = Frame(root)
leftFrame.pack(side=LEFT)
rightFrame = Frame(root)
rightFrame.pack(side=RIGHT)
'''Widgets'''
'''Buttons'''
playButton = Button(leftFrame, text="Play", fg="blue", command=m.main)
stopButton = Button(rightFrame, text="Stop", fg="red", command=o.other)
playButton.pack(side=TOP)
stopButton.pack(side=BOTTOM)
root.mainloop()
except Exception, e:
print e
Here's a short example of using threading. I took out your other function and I don't know why your using itertools here. I took that out as well and simply setup using a simple threading example.
A few things:
You setup using threading.Thread as the base class for Threader, but you never actually initialized the base class.
Whenever you use threading you generally want to define a run method and then use start() to start the thread. Calling start() will call run.
You need to use threading to prevent your GUI blocking, because tkinter is just one thread on a giant loop. So, whenever you have some long running process it blocks this thread until the current process is complete. That's why it's put in another thread. Python has something called the GIL, which prevent's true parallelization (I made up that word) since it only one thread can ever be used at a time. Instead, it uses time slicing, the GIL sort of "polls" between them to give the appearance of multiple tasks running concurrently. For true parallel processing you should use multiprocessing.
In the below code I have used self.daemon = True. Setting the thread to be a daemon will kill it when you exit the main program (In this case the Tk GUI)
from tkinter import *
import threading, time
class Threader(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
threading.Thread.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.daemon = True
self.start()
def run(self):
while True:
print("Look a while true loop that doesn't block the GUI!")
print("Current Thread: %s" % self.name)
time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = Tk()
leftFrame = Frame(root)
leftFrame.pack(side=LEFT)
rightFrame = Frame(root)
rightFrame.pack(side=RIGHT)
playButton = Button(leftFrame, text="Play", fg="blue",
command= lambda: Threader(name='Play-Thread'))
stopButton = Button(rightFrame, text="Stop", fg="red",
command= lambda: Threader(name='Stop-Thread'))
playButton.pack(side=TOP)
stopButton.pack(side=BOTTOM)
root.mainloop()
For something as simple as a counter, Tkinter's after() method is usually a better choice. You can use an instance variable to set it to on and off.
class TimerTest():
def __init__(self, root):
self.root=root
Button(root, text="Play", fg="blue",
command=self.startit).grid(row=1, column=0)
Button(root, text="Stop", fg="red",
command=self.stopit).grid(row=1, column=1)
self.is_running=True
self.count=IntVar()
Label(root, textvariable=self.count,
bg="lightblue").grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky="ew")
def startit(self):
self.is_running=True
self.increment_counter()
def increment_counter(self):
if self.is_running:
c=self.count.get()
c += 1
self.count.set(c)
root.after(1000, self.increment_counter) ## every second
def stopit(self):
self.is_running = False
root = Tk()
TT=TimerTest(root)
root.mainloop()