We Keep Coding

Does anyone know how to add row numbers?

I can open this file directly from the net,and I want to add row numbers to each line based on rules. If you need header row number,then start from number 1, if no need, then start from next line. This is my code, I tried a lot but doesn't work. It looks like picture. Does anyone how to solve this problem? Thanks in advance!
import sys
class Main:
def task1(self):
print('*' * 30, 'Task')
import urllib.request
# url
url = 'http://www.born.nhely.hu/group_list.txt'
# Initiate a request to get a response
while True:
try:
response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
except Exception as e:
print('An error has occurred, the request is being made again, the error message is as follows：', e)
else:
break
# Print all student information
content = response.read().decode('utf-8')
#add row number
header_row = input("Do you want to know header_row numbers? Y OR N?")
if header_row == 'Y':
for i, line in enumerate(content, start=1):
print(f'{i},{line}')
else:
for i, line in enumerate(content, start=0):
print('{},{}'.format(i, line.strip()))
def start(self):
self.task1()
Main().start()

Have a look at the data you are downloading:
Name;Short name;Email;Country;Other spoken languages
ABOUELHASSAN Shehab Ibrahim Adbelazin;?;dwedar909#gmail.com;?;?
AGHAEI HOSSEIN ABADI Mohammad Mehdi;Matt;mahdiaghaei355#gmail.com;Iran;English
...
Now look at the results you are getting:
1,N
2,a
3,m
4,e
5,;
6,S
7,h
8,o
...
It should be apparent that you are looping character by character; not line by line.
When you have:
for i, line in enumerate(content, start=1):
print(f'{i},{line}')
content is a string -- not a list of lines -- so you will loop over the string character by character with the for loop.
So to fix, do:
for i, line in enumerate(content.splitlines(), start=1):
print(f'{i},{line}')
Or, you can change the method of reading from the server to reading lines instead of characters:
content = response.readlines()

Your absorbing the .txt content in one big string... if you use .readlines() instead of .read(), you can achieve what you want.
You should modify this:
# Print all student information
content = response.read().decode('utf-8')
To this:
# Print all student information
content = response.readlines()
You can use the repr() method to take a look at your data:
print(repr(content))
'Name;Short name;Email;Country;Other spoken languages\r\nABOUELHASSAN Shehab Ibrahim Adbelazin;?;dwedar909#gmail.com;?;?\r\nAGHAEI HOSSEIN ABADI Mohammad Mehdi;Matt;mahdiaghaei355#gmail.com;Iran;English\r\nAMIN Asjad;?;;?;?\r\nATILA Arda Burak;Arda;arda_atila#hotmail.com;Turkey;English\r\nBELTRAN CASTRO Carlos Ricardo;Ricardo;crbeltrancas#gmail.com;Colombia;English, Chinese\r\nBhatti Muhammad Hasan;?;;?;?\r\nCAKIR Alp Hazar;Alp;alphazarc#gmail.com;Turkey;English\r\nDENG Zhihui;Deng;dzhfalcon0727#gmail.com;China;English\r\nDURUER Ahmet Enes;Ahmet / kahverengi;hello#ahmetduruer.com;Turkey;English\r\nENKHZAYA Jagar;Jager;japman2400#gmail.com;Mongolia;English\r\nGHAIBAH Sanaa;Sanaa;sanaagheibeh12#gmail.com;Syria;English\r\nGUO Ruizheng;?;ruizhengguo#gmail.com;China;English\r\nGURBANZADE Gurban;Qurban;gurbanzade01#gmail.com;Azeribaijan;English, Russian, Turkish\r\nHASNAIN Syed Muhammad;Hasnain;syedhasnainhijazy313#gmail.com;Pakistan;?\r\nISMAYILOV Firdovsi;Firi;firiisi#gmail.com;Azeribaijan ?;English,Russian,Turkish\r\nKINGRANI Muskan;Muskan;muskankingrani4#gmail.com;India;English\r\nKOKO Susan Kekeli Ruth;Susan;susankoko3#gmail.com;Ghana;N/A\r\nKOLA-OLALEYE Adeola Damilola;Adeola;inboxadeola#gmail.com;Nigeria;French\r\nLEWIS Madison Buse;?;madisonbuse#yahoo.com;Turkey;Turkish\r\nLI Ting;Ting;514053044#qq.com;China;English\r\nMARUSENKO Svetlana;Svetlana;svetlana.maru#gmail.com;Russia;English, German\r\nMOHANTY Cyrus;cyrus;cyrusmohanty5261#gmail.com;India;English\r\nMOTHOBI Thabo Emmanuel;thabo;thabomothobi#icloud.com;South Africa;English\r\nNayudu Yashmit Vinay;?;;?;?\r\nPurevsuren Davaadorj;?;Purevsuren.davaadorj99#gmail.com;Mongolia ?;English\r\nSAJID Anoosha;Anoosha;anooshasajid12#gmail.com;Pakistan;English\r\nSHANG Rongxiang;Xiang;1074482757#qq.com;China;English\r\nSU Haobo;Su;2483851740#qq.com;China;English\r\nTAKEUCHI ROSSMAN Elly;Elly;elliebanana10th#gmail.com;Japan;English\r\nULUSOY Nedim Can;Nedim;nedimcanulusoy#gmail.com;Turkey;English, Hungarian\r\nXuan Qijian;Xuan;xjwjadon#gmail.com;China ?;?\r\nYUAN Gaopeng;Yuan;1277237374#qq.com;China;English\r\n'
vs
print(repr(content))
[b'Name;Short name;Email;Country;Other spoken languages\r\n', b'ABOUELHASSAN Shehab Ibrahim Adbelazin;?;dwedar909#gmail.com;?;?\r\n', b'AGHAEI HOSSEIN ABADI Mohammad Mehdi;Matt;mahdiaghaei355#gmail.com;Iran;English\r\n', b'AMIN Asjad;?;;?;?\r\n', b'ATILA Arda Burak;Arda;arda_atila#hotmail.com;Turkey;English\r\n', b'BELTRAN CASTRO Carlos Ricardo;Ricardo;crbeltrancas#gmail.com;Colombia;English, Chinese\r\n', b'Bhatti Muhammad Hasan;?;;?;?\r\n', b'CAKIR Alp Hazar;Alp;alphazarc#gmail.com;Turkey;English\r\n', b'DENG Zhihui;Deng;dzhfalcon0727#gmail.com;China;English\r\n', b'DURUER Ahmet Enes;Ahmet / kahverengi;hello#ahmetduruer.com;Turkey;English\r\n', b'ENKHZAYA Jagar;Jager;japman2400#gmail.com;Mongolia;English\r\n', b'GHAIBAH Sanaa;Sanaa;sanaagheibeh12#gmail.com;Syria;English\r\n', b'GUO Ruizheng;?;ruizhengguo#gmail.com;China;English\r\n', b'GURBANZADE Gurban;Qurban;gurbanzade01#gmail.com;Azeribaijan;English, Russian, Turkish\r\n', b'HASNAIN Syed Muhammad;Hasnain;syedhasnainhijazy313#gmail.com;Pakistan;?\r\n', b'ISMAYILOV Firdovsi;Firi;firiisi#gmail.com;Azeribaijan ?;English,Russian,Turkish\r\n', b'KINGRANI Muskan;Muskan;muskankingrani4#gmail.com;India;English\r\n', b'KOKO Susan Kekeli Ruth;Susan;susankoko3#gmail.com;Ghana;N/A\r\n', b'KOLA-OLALEYE Adeola Damilola;Adeola;inboxadeola#gmail.com;Nigeria;French\r\n', b'LEWIS Madison Buse;?;madisonbuse#yahoo.com;Turkey;Turkish\r\n', b'LI Ting;Ting;514053044#qq.com;China;English\r\n', b'MARUSENKO Svetlana;Svetlana;svetlana.maru#gmail.com;Russia;English, German\r\n', b'MOHANTY Cyrus;cyrus;cyrusmohanty5261#gmail.com;India;English\r\n', b'MOTHOBI Thabo Emmanuel;thabo;thabomothobi#icloud.com;South Africa;English\r\n', b'Nayudu Yashmit Vinay;?;;?;?\r\n', b'Purevsuren Davaadorj;?;Purevsuren.davaadorj99#gmail.com;Mongolia ?;English\r\n', b'SAJID Anoosha;Anoosha;anooshasajid12#gmail.com;Pakistan;English\r\n', b'SHANG Rongxiang;Xiang;1074482757#qq.com;China;English\r\n', b'SU Haobo;Su;2483851740#qq.com;China;English\r\n', b'TAKEUCHI ROSSMAN Elly;Elly;elliebanana10th#gmail.com;Japan;English\r\n', b'ULUSOY Nedim Can;Nedim;nedimcanulusoy#gmail.com;Turkey;English, Hungarian\r\n', b'Xuan Qijian;Xuan;xjwjadon#gmail.com;China ?;?\r\n', b'YUAN Gaopeng;Yuan;1277237374#qq.com;China;English\r\n']
Also, instead of hard-coding the charset as utf-8, you can use response.headers.get_content_charset()

Python convert C header file to dict

I have a C header file which contains a series of classes, and I'm trying to write a function which will take those classes, and convert them to a python dict. A sample of the file is down the bottom.
Format would be something like
class CFGFunctions {
class ABC {
class AA {
file = "abc/aa/functions"
class myFuncName{ recompile = 1; };
};
class BB
{
file = "abc/bb/functions"
class funcName{
recompile=1;
}
}
};
};
I'm hoping to turn it into something like
{CFGFunctions:{ABC:{AA:"myFuncName"}, BB:...}}
# Or
{CFGFunctions:{ABC:{AA:{myFuncName:"string or list or something"}, BB:...}}}
In the end, I'm aiming to get the filepath string (which is actually a path to a folder... but anyway), and the class names in the same class as the file/folder path.
I've had a look on SO, and google and so on, but most things I've found have been about splitting lines into dicts, rather then n-deep 'blocks'
I know I'll have to loop through the file, however, I'm not sure the most efficient way to convert it to the dict.
I'm thinking I'd need to grab the outside class and its relevant brackets, then do the same for the text remaining inside.
If none of that makes sense, it's cause I haven't quite made sense of the process myself haha
If any more info is needed, I'm happy to provide.
The following code is a quick mockup of what I'm sorta thinking...
It is most likely BROKEN and probably does NOT WORK. but its sort of the process that I'm thinking of
def get_data():
fh = open('CFGFunctions.h', 'r')
data = {} # will contain final data model
# would probably refactor some of this into a function to allow better looping
start = "" # starting class name
brackets = 0 # number of brackets
text= "" # temp storage for lines inside block while looping
for line in fh:
# find the class (start
mt = re.match(r'Class ([\w_]+) {', line)
if mt:
if start == "":
start = mt.group(1)
else:
# once we have the first class, find all other open brackets
mt = re.match(r'{', line)
if mt:
# and inc our counter
brackets += 1
mt2 = re.match(r'}', line)
if mt2:
# find the close, and decrement
brackets -= 1
# if we are back to the initial block, break out of the loop
if brackets == 0:
break
text += line
data[start] = {'tempText': text}
====
Sample file
class CfgFunctions {
class ABC {
class Control {
file = "abc\abc_sys_1\Modules\functions";
class assignTracker {
description = "";
recompile = 1;
};
class modulePlaceMarker {
description = "";
recompile = 1;
};
};
class Devices
{
file = "abc\abc_sys_1\devices\functions";
class registerDevice { recompile = 1; };
class getDeviceSettings { recompile = 1; };
class openDevice { recompile = 1; };
};
};
};
EDIT:
If possible, if I have to use a package, I'd like to have it in the programs directory, not the general python libs directory.

As you detected, parsing is necessary to do the conversion. Have a look at the package PyParsing, which is a fairly easy-to-use library to implement parsing in your Python program.
Edit: This is a very symbolic version of what it would take to recognize a very minimalistic grammer - somewhat like the example at the top of the question. It won't work, but it might put you in the right direction:
from pyparsing import ZeroOrMore, OneOrMore, \
Keyword, Literal
test_code = """
class CFGFunctions {
class ABC {
class AA {
file = "abc/aa/functions"
class myFuncName{ recompile = 1; };
};
class BB
{
file = "abc/bb/functions"
class funcName{
recompile=1;
}
}
};
};
"""
class_tkn = Keyword('class')
lbrace_tkn = Literal('{')
rbrace_tkn = Literal('}')
semicolon_tkn = Keyword(';')
assign_tkn = Keyword(';')
class_block = ( class_tkn + identifier + lbrace_tkn + \
OneOrMore(class_block | ZeroOrMore(assignment)) + \
rbrace_tkn + semicolon_tkn \
)
def test_parser(test):
try:
results = class_block.parseString(test)
print test, ' -> ', results
except ParseException, s:
print "Syntax error:", s
def main():
test_parser(test_code)
return 0
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Also, this code is only the parser - it does not generate any output. As you can see in the PyParsing docs, you can later add the actions you want. But the first step would be to recognize the what you want to translate.
And a last note: Do not underestimate the complexities of parsing code... Even with a library like PyParsing, which takes care of much of the work, there are many ways to get mired in infinite loops and other amenities of parsing. Implement things step-by-step!
EDIT: A few sources for information on PyParsing are:
http://werc.engr.uaf.edu/~ken/doc/python-pyparsing/HowToUsePyparsing.html
http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com/
(Particularly interesting is http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com/Publications, with a long list of articles - several of them introductory - on PyParsing)
http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyparsing_helper is a GUI for debugging parsers
There is also a 'tag' Pyparsing here on stackoverflow, Where Paul McGuire (the PyParsing author) seems to be a frequent guest.
* NOTE: *
From PaulMcG in the comments below: Pyparsing is no longer hosted on wikispaces.com. Go to github.com/pyparsing/pyparsing

updating tkinter window (Python 3.4)

Good Afternoon all,
I've been working on a contact-book program for a school project. I've got all of the underlying code complete. However I've decided to take it one step further and implement a basic interface. I am trying to display all of the contacts using the code snippet below:
elif x==2:
phonebook_data= open(data_path,mode='r',encoding = 'utf8')
if os.stat(data_path)[6]==0:
print("Your contact book is empty.")
else:
for line in phonebook_data:
data= eval(line)
for k,v in sorted(data.items()):
x= (k + ": " + v)
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.title("Contacts")
text = Text(root)
text.insert('1.0', x)
text.pack()
text.update()
root.mainloop()
phonebook_data.close()
The program works, however every contact opens in a new window. I would like to display all of the same information in a single loop. I'm fairly new to tkinter and I apologize if the code is confusing at all. Any help would be greatly appreciated!!

First of all, the top of the snippet could be much more efficient:
phonebook_data= open(data_path,mode='r',encoding = 'utf8') should be changed to
phonebook_data = open(data_path).
Afterwards, just use:
contents = phonebook_data.read()
if contents == "": # Can be shortened to `if not contents:`
print("Your contact book is empty.")
And by the way, it's good practice to close the file as soon as you're done using it.
phonebook_data = open(data_path)
contents = phonebook_data.read()
phonebook_data.close()
if contents == "":
print("Your contact book is empty.")
Now for your graphics issue. Firstly, you should consider whether or not you really need a graphical interface for this application. If so:
# Assuming that the contact book is formatted `Name` `Number` (split by a space)
name_number = []
for line in contents.split("\n"): # Get each line
name, number = line.split()
name_number.append(name + ": " + number) # Append a string of `Name`: `Number` to the list
name_number.sort() # Sort by name
root = Tk()
root.title("Contact Book")
text = Text(root)
text.pack(fill=BOTH)
text.insert("\n".join(name_number))
root.mainloop()
Considering how much I have shown you, it would probably be considered cheating for you to use it. Do some more research into the code though, it didn't seem like the algorithm would work in the first place.

How to extract data from text files?

So I am having a set of files that I need to extract data from and write in a new txt file, and I am not sure how to do this with Python. Below is a sample data. I am trying to extract the parts from NSF Org, File and Abstract.
Title : CRB: Genetic Diversity of Endangered Populations of Mysticete Whales:
Mitochondrial DNA and Historical Demography
Type : Award
NSF Org : DEB
Latest
Amendment
Date : August 1, 1991
File : a9000006
Award Number: 9000006
Award Instr.: Continuing grant
Prgm Manager: Scott Collins
DEB DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY
BIO DIRECT FOR BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Start Date : June 1, 1990
Expires : November 30, 1992 (Estimated)
Expected
Total Amt. : $179720 (Estimated)
Investigator: Stephen R. Palumbi (Principal Investigator current)
Sponsor : U of Hawaii Manoa
2530 Dole Street
Honolulu, HI 968222225 808/956-7800
NSF Program : 1127 SYSTEMATIC & POPULATION BIOLO
Fld Applictn: 0000099 Other Applications NEC
61 Life Science Biological
Program Ref : 9285,
Abstract :
Commercial exploitation over the past two hundred years drove the great
Mysticete whales to near extinction. Variation in the sizes of populations
prior to exploitation, minimalpopulation size during exploitation and
current population sizes permit analyses of the effects of differing levels
of exploitation on species with different biogeographical distributions and
life-history characteristics.

You're not giving me much to go on but, what I do to read input files from a txt file. This is in Java, hopefully you'll know how to store it in an array of some sort
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.io.*;
public class ClockAngles{
public static void main (String [] args) throws IOException {
Scanner reader = null;
String input = "";
try {
reader = new Scanner (new BufferedReader (new FileReader("FilePath")));
while (reader.hasNext()) {
input = reader.next();
System.out.print(input);
}
}
finally {
if (reader != null) {
reader.close();
}
}
Python code
#!/bin/env python2.7
# Change this to the file with the time input
filename = "filetext"
storeData = []
class Whatever:
def __init__(self, time_str):
times_list = time_str.split('however you want input to be read')
self.a = int(times_list[0])
self.b = int(times_list[1])
self.c = int(times_list[2])
# prints the data
def __str__(self):
return str(self.a) + " " + str(self.b) + " " + str(self.c)

BeautifulSoup in Python not parsing right

I am running Python 2.7.5 and using the built-in html parser for what I am about to describe.
The task I am trying to accomplish is to take a chunk of html that is essentially a recipe. Here is an example.
html_chunk = "<h1>Miniature Potato Knishes</h1><p>Posted by bettyboop50 at recipegoldmine.com May 10, 2001</p><p>Makes about 42 miniature knishes</p><p>These are just yummy for your tummy!</p><p>3 cups mashed potatoes (about<br> 2 very large potatoes)<br>2 eggs, slightly beaten<br>1 large onion, diced<br>2 tablespoons margarine<br>1 teaspoon salt (or to taste)<br>1/8 teaspoon black pepper<br>3/8 cup Matzoh meal<br>1 egg yolk, beaten with 1 tablespoon water</p><p>Preheat oven to 400 degrees F.</p><p>Sauté diced onion in a small amount of butter or margarine until golden brown.</p><p>In medium bowl, combine mashed potatoes, sautéed onion, eggs, margarine, salt, pepper, and Matzoh meal.</p><p>Form mixture into small balls about the size of a walnut. Brush with egg yolk mixture and place on a well-greased baking sheet and bake for 20 minutes or until well browned.</p>"
The goal is to separate out the header, junk, ingredients, instructions, serving, and number of ingredients.
Here is my code that accomplishes that
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
def list_to_string(list):
joined = ""
for item in list:
joined += str(item)
return joined
def get_ingredients(soup):
for p in soup.find_all('p'):
if p.find('br'):
return p
def get_instructions(p_list, ingredient_index):
instructions = []
instructions += p_list[ingredient_index+1:]
return instructions
def get_junk(p_list, ingredient_index):
junk = []
junk += p_list[:ingredient_index]
return junk
def get_serving(p_list):
for item in p_list:
item_str = str(item).lower()
if ("yield" or "make" or "serve" or "serving") in item_str:
yield_index = p_list.index(item)
del p_list[yield_index]
return item
def ingredients_count(ingredients):
ingredients_list = ingredients.find_all(text=True)
return len(ingredients_list)
def get_header(soup):
return soup.find('h1')
def html_chunk_splitter(soup):
ingredients = get_ingredients(soup)
if ingredients == None:
error = 1
header = ""
junk_string = ""
instructions_string = ""
serving = ""
count = ""
else:
p_list = soup.find_all('p')
serving = get_serving(p_list)
ingredient_index = p_list.index(ingredients)
junk_list = get_junk(p_list, ingredient_index)
instructions_list = get_instructions(p_list, ingredient_index)
junk_string = list_to_string(junk_list)
instructions_string = list_to_string(instructions_list)
header = get_header(soup)
error = ""
count = ingredients_count(ingredients)
return (header, junk_string, ingredients, instructions_string,
serving, count, error)
It works well except in situations where I have chunks that contain strings like "Sauté" because soup = BeautifulSoup(html_chunk) causes Sauté to turn into Sauté and this is a problem because I have a huge csv file of recipes like the html_chunk and I'm trying to structure all of them nicely and then get the output back into a database. I tried checking it Sauté comes out right using this html previewer and it still comes out as Sauté. I don't know what to do about this.
What's stranger is that when I do what BeautifulSoup's documentation shows
BeautifulSoup("Sacré bleu!")
# <html><head></head><body>Sacré bleu!</body></html>
I get
# Sacré bleu!
But my colleague tried that on his Mac, running from terminal, and he got exactly what the documentation shows.
I really appreciate all your help. Thank you.

This is not a parsing problem; it is about encoding, rather.
Whenever working with text which might contain non-ASCII characters (or in Python programs which contain such characters, e.g. in comments or docstrings), you should put a coding cookie in the first or - after the shebang line - second line:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
... and make sure this matches your file encoding (with vim: :set fenc=utf-8).

BeautifulSoup tries to guess the encoding, sometimes it makes a mistake, however you can specify the encoding by adding the from_encoding parameter:
for example
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_text, from_encoding="UTF-8")
The encoding is usually available in the header of the webpage