mechanize could not retrieve all forms(including some generated by js) - python

it is a html including two forms. One of them is generated dynamic by js when the page is loaded
So, if I try to fetch them, only one form could be return, and the form generated dynamic not found.
the question is
how to fetch all forms even if they are generated by js.

As far as I know Mechanize does not handle javascript.
That means that you should either generate the form yourself - by reading the JS that creates the form, and then "translating" it to python, and inserting it in your script. -
or:
Automate an actual browser that does understand Javascript using something like ruby's Watir

Launch Firefox, use HTTP Live Headers to inspect what the javascript does, then imitate that using Mechanize / relevant HTTP requests.

Use a browser that understands javascript as per WWW::Mechnize::FAQ, a browser like WWW::Mechanize::Firefox or WWW::Scripter

Related

Scrapy for dynamic content

Can we use Scrapy for getting content from a web page which is loaded by Javascript?
I'm trying to scrape usage examples from this page,
but since they are loaded using Javascript as a JSON object I'm not able to get them with Scrapy.
Could you suggest what is the best way to deal with such issues?
Open your browser's developer tools and look at the Network tab. If you hit the "next" button on that page enough, it'll send out a new request:
After removing the JSONP paramter, the URL is pretty straightforward:
https://corpus.vocabulary.com/api/1.0/examples.json?query=unalienable&maxResults=24&startOffset=24&filter=0
By making the minimal number of requests, your spider will be fast.
If you want to just emulate a full browser and execute the JavaScript, you can use something like Selenium or Scrapinghub's Splash (and its corresponding Scrapy plugin).

How to scrape value from page that loads dynamicaly?

The homepage of the website I'm trying to scrape displays four tabs, one of which reads "[Number] Available Jobs". I'm interested in scraping the [Number] value. When I inspect the page in Chrome, I can see the value enclosed within a <span> tag.
However, there is nothing enclosed in that <span> tag when I view the page source directly. I was planning on using the Python requests module to make an HTTP GET request and then use regex to capture the value from the returned content. This is obviously not possible if the content doesn't contain the number I need.
My questions are:
What is happening here? How can a value be dynamically loaded into a
page, displayed, and then not appear within the HTML source?
If the value doesn't appear in the page source, what can I do to
reach it?
If the content doesn't appear in the page source then it is probably generated using javascript. For example the site might have a REST API that lists jobs, and the Javascript code could request the jobs from the API and use it to create the node in the DOM and attach it to the available jobs. That's just one possibility.
One way to scrap this information is to figure out how that javascript works and make your python scraper do the same thing (for example, if there is a simple REST API it is using, you just need to make a request to that same URL). Often that is not so easy, so another alternative is to do your scraping using a javascript capable browser like selenium.
One final thing I want to mention is that regular expressions are a fragile way to parse HTML, you should generally prefer to use a library like BeautifulSoup.
1.A value can be loaded dynamically with ajax, ajax loads asynchronously that means that the rest of the site does not wait for ajax to be rendered, that's why when you get the DOM the elements loaded with ajax does not appear in it.
2.For scraping dynamic content you should use selenium, here a tutorial
for data that load dynamically you should look for an xhr request in the networks and if you can make that data productive for you than voila!!
you can you phantom js, it's a headless browser and it captures the html of that page with the dynamically loaded content.

Submit form on internet website

I want to build a python script to submit some form on internet website. Such as a form to publish automaticaly some item on site like ebay.
Is it possible to do it with BeautifulSoup or this is only to parse some website?
Is it possible to do it with selenium but quickly without open really the browser?
Are there any other ways to do it?
Look at the requests library.. Also, check out the chrome debugger toolbar to see the requests fly by. There is also a utility called postman, where you can "design", queries, then generate code in many different flavors (including pythons requests library).
BeautifulSoup is for parsing HTML.
You can use selenium with PhantomJS to do this without the browser opening. You have to use the Keys portion of selenium to send data to the form to be submitted. It is also worth noting that this method will not work if there are captcha's on the form.
The mechanize library can fill and submit forms.

Extracting information from AJAX based sites using Python

I am trying to retrieve query results on sites based on ajax like www.snapbird.org using Python. Since it doesn't show in the page source, I am not sure how to proceed.
I am a Python newbie and hence it would be great if I could get a pointer in the right direction.
I am also open to some other approach to the task if that is easier
This is going to be complex but as a start, ppen firebug and find the URL that gets called when the AJAX request is handled. You can call that directly in your Python program and parse the output.
You could use Selenium's Python client driver to parse the page source. I usually use this in conjunction with PyQuery to make web scraping easier.
Here's the basic tutorial for Selenium's Python driver. Be sure to follow the instructions for Selenium version 2 instead of version 1 (unless you're using version 1 for some reason).
You could also configure chrome/firefox to an HTTP proxy and then log/extract the necessary content with the proxy. I've tinkered with python proxies to save/log the requests/content based on content-type or URI globs.
For other projects I've written site-specific javascript bookmarklets which poll for new data and then POST it to my server (by dynamically creating both a form and iframe, and setting myform.target=myiframe;
Other javascript scripts/bookmarklets simulate a user interacting with sites, so instead of polling every few seconds the javascript automates clicking buttons and form submissions, etc. These scripts are always very site-specific of course but they've been hugely useful for me, especially when iterating over all the paginated results for a given search.
Here is a stripped down version of walking over a list of "paginated" results and preparing to send the data off to my server (which then further parses it with BeautifulSoup). In particular this was designed for Youtube's Sent/Inbox messages.
var tables = [];
function process_and_repeat(){
if(!(inbox && inbox.message_pane_ && inbox.message_pane_.innerHTML)){
alert("We've got no data!");
}
if(inbox.message_pane_.innerHTML.indexOf('<table') === 0)
{
tables.push(inbox.message_pane_.innerHTML);
inbox.next_page();
setTimeout("process_and_repeat()",3000);
}
else{
alert("Fininshed, [" + tables.length + " processed]");
document.write('<form action=http://curl.sente.cc method=POST><textarea name=sent.html>'+escape(tables.join('\n'))+'</textarea><input type=submit></form>')
}
}
process_and_repeat(); // now we wait and watch as all the paginated pages are viewed :)
This is a stripped down example without any fancy iframes/non-essentials which just add complexity.
Adding to what Liam said, Selenium is a great tool, too, which has aided in my various scraping needs. I'd be more than happy to help you out with this if you'd like.
One easy solution might be using a browser like Mechanize. So you can browse site, follow links, make searches and nearly everything that you can do with a browser with user interface.
But for a very sepcific job, you may not even need a such library, you can use urllib and urllib2 python libraries to make a connection and read response... You can use Firebug to see data structure of a search and response body. Then use urllib to make a request with relevant parameters...
With an example...
I made a search with joyvalencia and check the request url with firebug to see:
http://api.twitter.com/1/statuses/user_timeline.json?screen_name=joyvalencia&count=100&page=2&include_rts=true&callback=twitterlib1321017083330
So calling this url with urllib2.urlopen() will be the same with making the query on Snapbird. Response body is:
twitterlib1321017083330([{"id_str":"131548107799396357","place":null,"geo":null,"in_reply_to_user_id_str":null,"coordinates":.......
When you use urlopen() and read the response, the upper string is what you get... Then you can use json library of python to read the data and parse it to a pythonic data structure...

web scraping a problem site

I'm trying to scrape some information from a web site, but am having trouble reading the relevant pages. The pages seem to first send a basic setup, then more detailed info. My download attempts only seem to capture the basic setup. I've tried urllib and mechanize so far.
Firefox and Chrome have no trouble displaying the pages, although I can't see the parts I want when I view page source.
A sample url is https://personal.vanguard.com/us/funds/snapshot?FundId=0542&FundIntExt=INT
I'd like, for example, average maturity and average duration from the lower right of the page. The problem isn't extracting that info from the page, it's downloading the page so that I can extract the info.
The page uses JavaScript to load the data. Firefox and Chrome are only working because you have JavaScript enabled - try disabling it and you'll get a mostly empty page.
Python isn't going to be able to do this by itself - your best compromise would be to control a real browser (Internet Explorer is easiest, if you're on Windows) from Python using something like Pamie.
The website loads the data via ajax. Firebug shows the ajax calls. For the given page, the data is loaded from https://personal.vanguard.com/us/JSP/Funds/VGITab/VGIFundOverviewTabContent.jsf?FundIntExt=INT&FundId=0542
See the corresponding javascript code on the original page:
<script>populator = new Populator({parentId:
"profileForm:vanguardFundTabBox:tab0",execOnLoad:true,
populatorUrl:"/us/JSP/Funds/VGITab/VGIFundOverviewTabContent.jsf?FundIntExt=INT&FundId=0542",
inline:fals e,type:"once"});
</script>
The reason why is because it's performing AJAX calls after it loads. You will need to account for searching out those URLs to scrape it's content as well.
As RichieHindle mentioned, your best bet on Windows is to use the WebBrowser class to create an instance of an IE rendering engine and then use that to browse the site.
The class gives you full access to the DOM tree, so you can do whatever you want with it.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.forms.webbrowser(loband).aspx

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