Im playing around with web.py as a lightweight web framework. Im having problems when i attempt to move the actual implementation of my page into a separate file instead of the root file. As a demonstration, My core.py file looks like this:
import web, sys, os
sys.path.append(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
urls = (
'/', 'index'
)
app = web.application(urls, globals())
render = web.template.render('templates/')
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run()
ive moved my implementation into a file called index.py at the same level as core.py. My implementation looks like this:
class index:
def GET(self):
return "Hello world"
however, whenever i run my application, i get an error:
<type 'exceptions.KeyError'> at /
can anybody tell me what is going on?
According to http://webpy.org/tutorial3.en#urlhandling, web.py does a lookup for the classes you specified in your urls in the global namespace.
In your core.py there is no class named index (after you moved it), that's what causes this keyerror. In my test I could fix that by importing the index class in core.py.
from index import index
(I haven't used web.py before, so please correct me if I'm wrong)
You can add dots to crawl into modules. So say you have a folder controllers with a file named file.py and you wanted to access the controller named index:
from controllers import *
urls = (
'/', 'controllers.file.index'
)
I'm guessing the bug is in your template. I hit this error when if forgot a ':' on an if statement in my template.
Related
So I have been trying to get used to Flash in python but I've come across a problem. I want that when http://localhost:5000/ is inserted in the browser a html page is displayed. I've tried multiple ways to do this like using the render_template() but that returns me a jinja2.exceptions.TemplateNotFound: index.html. I've also tried a simple return redirect() but that throws something saying the adress was not recognized or understood. When I tried using the url_for() it threw 404 - not found. I really have no idea how to fix this.
# htppserver.py
import flask
import threading
app = Flask(__name__, template_folder="Dashboard/website")
#app.route("/site", methods=["GET"])
#app.route("/", methods=["GET"])
def get_site():
return render_template("index.html")
x = threading.Thread(target=app.run)
x.start()
Currently my dir system looks something like this
main_folder # This is the working directory accordingly to os.getcwd()
├──cogs
│ └──httpserver.py # Source code is here
└──Dashboard
└website
├──...
├──index.html # This is the file I want to show
└──...
Thanks
put your html files in a folder called "templates" in the same directory as the python file that serves
I have a Flask project where the entry point is application.py and then I have several other modules like, e.g. variant.py, etc.
The project structure is:
>my_app_dir/
application.py
views/
__init__.py
users.py
variant.py
...
For variant.py, it's a function like:
import ...
from views import *
def variant(variant_id, subset='all', language='en'):
...
if subset == 'all':
return json.dumps(x)
return json.dumps([{subset: y[subset]} for y in x])
The point is I want to use variant.py like an API, so I am testing via iPython, something like, but it's returning an error:
from views import variant as v
aa = v.variant('22-38212762-A-G')
...
RuntimeError: Working outside of request context.
This typically means that you attempted to use functionality that needed
an active HTTP request. Consult the documentation on testing for
information about how to avoid this problem.
I've tried googling but couldn't find any similar case, yet I experimented several things for no avail.
In the end, I found out a way to get what I was looking for:
from views import application, autocomplete
from views.variant import variant
ctx = application.test_request_context(path='/login',method='POST', data={'user':'demo','password':'demo123'})
ctx.push()
variant('22-38212762-A-G')[:50]
autocomplete.autocomplete('ttll','gene').json
So, essentially, the trick bit is:
ctx = application.test_request_context(path='/login',method='POST', data={'user':'demo','password':'demo123'})
ctx.push()
The directory structure is like so:
AppCenter/
main.pyw
|
|
_apps/
__init__.py
TabularApp.py
UserAdministrationApp.py
RegisterApp.py
FnAdminApp.py
PyUi/
The contents of __init__.py:
import sys
sys.path.insert(1, '.')
__all__ = ['TabularApp',
'UserAdministrationApp',
'RegisterApp',
'FnAdminApp']
The problems pop up:
When main.pyw tries to from _apps import *.
In UserAdministrationApp.py i am trying to dynamically add tooltips to some QListWidget items like so:
for app in self.__APPS__:
app_icon = str(os.path.join(app_icons, f"{app}.png")).replace('\\', '/')
icon = QIcon(app_icon)
if app != self.__class__:
ttip_txt = eval(f'_apps.{app}.__doc__')
else:
ttip_txt = self.__doc__
item = QListWidgetItem(icon, app)
item.setText(app)
item.setToolTip(ttip_txt)
wdg.addItem(item)
The self.__APPS__ is just a copy of _apps.__all__.
The first problem I encountered was that i would get an AttributeError saying module x has no attribute y in ttip_txt = eval(f'_apps.{app}.__doc__') I resolved this by from _apps import * in UserAdministrationApp module. At this point I had already renamed this module for testing purposes and everything worked, but when I changed the name back to UserAdministrationApp.py I got another AttributeError saying module __apps has no attribute UserAdministrationApp.
Questions
I tried reading the python import docs but nothing in it really spoke to me.
I am sensing it has something to do with the script trying to import itself.
But i am still intrigued by these questions:
Why did the import fail in the first case, when i have import _apps?
Why in the second case does it not at least see itself and then produce an ImportError instead of AtributeError?
What is the optimal way to handle these types of situations?
Okay I found a solution, and though i think it is a bit dirty and not in best style, it works.
First
remove the from _apps import * and just from _apps import __all__.
Then
In initialization of the main class from the module UserAdministrationApp import in a loop skipping self.__class_.__name__
self.__APPS__ = _apps.__all__
self.class_name = self.__class__.__name__
for app in self.__APPS__:
if self.class_name != app:
exec(f'import _apps.{app}')
Finally
for app in self.__APPS__:
app_icon = str(os.path.join(app_icons, f"{app}.png")).replace('\\', '/')
icon = QIcon(app_icon)
if app != self.class_name:
ttip_txt = eval(f'_apps.{app}.__doc__')
else:
ttip_txt = self.__doc__
Having found the solution, I would still like to hear why the error was in the first place, for educational purposes.
So if anybody at any time glances over this and knows how to...you are more than welcome.
first off, a disclaimer: I'm not well versed in python or flask, so bear with me.
I'm trying to put together a minimal API using flask, i was planning to dynamically generate routes and their associated procs from the contents of a subdirectory.
The code looks something like this:
from flask import Flask
import os
app = Flask(__name__)
configs = os.getcwd() + "/configs"
for i in os.listdir(configs):
if i.endswith(".json"):
call = "/" + os.path.splitext(i)[0]
#app.route(call, methods=['POST'])
def call():
return jsonify({"status": call + "Success"}), 200
The plan being to iterate over a bunch of config files and use their naes to define the routes. Now, this works for a single config file, but wont work for multiple files as I end up trying to overwrite the function call that is used by each route.
I can factor out most of the code to a separate function as long as i can pass in the call name. However it seems that however i go about this i need to dynamically name the function generated and mapped to the route.
So, my question is: how can use the contents of a variable, such as 'call' to be the function name?
i.e. something like
call = "getinfo"
def call(): # Effectively being evaled as def getinfo():
Everything i've tried hasn't worked, and i'm not confident enough in my python syntax to know if it's because i'm just doing something silly.
Alternatively is there another way to do what i'm trying to achieve?
Thanks for all and any feedback!
Thanks for the help. I've moved to one route and one handler and building up the file list, and handling of the request paths, etc separately.
This is a sanitized version of the model i now have:
from flask import Flask
import os
calls = []
cfgs = {}
app = Flask(__name__)
configs = os.getcwd() + "/configs"
for i in os.listdir(configs):
if i.endswith(".json"):
cfgs[call] = os.path.splitext(i)[0]
calls.extend([call])
#app.route('/<call>', methods=['POST'])
def do(call):
if call not in calls:
abort(400, "invalid call")
# Do stuff
return jsonify({"status": call + "Success"}), 200
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
So, thanks to the above comments this is doing what i'm after. Still curious to know if there is any way to use variables in function names?
I am new to Python and Web.py, but I am tearing my hair out over this issue. I have a code layout where I have my app.py file in the root of my site. All the pages are in a sub director, named pages. Here is my app.py code
import web
import page.index
urls = (
'/', 'page.index.index',
)
render = web.template.render('templates/', base = "layout") # Start the template
app = web.application(urls, globals()) # Start the app
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run()
Now, it executes perfectly. Now, in the index.py file, this is my code:
class index:
def GET(self):
testing = 'Hello World'
return render.index(testing)
The error I am getting is this:
<type 'exceptions.NameError'> at /
global name 'render' is not defined
Python /Volumes/Local Disk 2/Work/Casting Board/com/index.py in GET, line 3
Web GET http://127.0.0.1:8080/
Basically, I am trying to access the function ( or it is method or class. Just coming from PHP so don't know the terminally) render from a moucle called page.index. How can I get around this?
In the index.py page, should you include from web.template import render ?
Presuming web.template.render() returns an object containing an index() method (I'm not familiar with web.py), you'll need to tell Python where to find this object.
In index.py:
import app
Then:
return app.render.index(testing)
You can just include you index class (index.py) within your app.py file. Importing the web module then will bring in the definition of the function "render" at the beginning of your code.