This is probably a very simple question for some, but it has me stumped. Can you use variables within python's triple-quotes?
In the following example, how do use variables in the text:
wash_clothes = 'tuesdays'
clean_dishes = 'never'
mystring =""" I like to wash clothes on %wash_clothes
I like to clean dishes %clean_dishes
"""
print(mystring)
I would like it to result in:
I like to wash clothes on tuesdays
I like to clean dishes never
If not what is the best way to handle large chunks of text where you need a couple variables, and there is a ton of text and special characters?
The preferred way of doing this is using str.format() rather than the method using %:
This method of string formatting is the new standard in Python 3.0, and should be preferred to the % formatting described in String Formatting Operations in new code.
Example:
wash_clothes = 'tuesdays'
clean_dishes = 'never'
mystring =""" I like to wash clothes on {0}
I like to clean dishes {1}
"""
print mystring.format(wash_clothes, clean_dishes)
Yes! Starting from Python 3.6 you can use the f strings for this: They're interpolated in place, so mystring would have the desired value after the mystring = ... line:
wash_clothes = 'tuesdays'
clean_dishes = 'never'
mystring = f"""I like to wash clothes on {wash_clothes}
I like to clean dishes {clean_dishes}
"""
print(mystring)
Should you need to add a literal { or } in the string, you would just double it:
if use_squiggly:
kind = 'squiggly'
else:
kind = 'curly'
print(f"""The {kind} brackets are:
- '{{', or the left {kind} bracket
- '}}', or the right {kind} bracket
""")
would print, depending on the value of use_squiggly, either
The squiggly brackets are:
- '{', or the left squiggly bracket
- '}', or the right squiggly bracket
or
The curly brackets are:
- '{', or the left curly bracket
- '}', or the right curly bracket
One of the ways in Python 2 :
>>> mystring =""" I like to wash clothes on %s
... I like to clean dishes %s
... """
>>> wash_clothes = 'tuesdays'
>>> clean_dishes = 'never'
>>>
>>> print mystring % (wash_clothes, clean_dishes)
I like to wash clothes on tuesdays
I like to clean dishes never
Also look at string formatting
http://docs.python.org/library/string.html#string-formatting
Yes. I believe this will work.
do_stuff = "Tuesday"
mystring = """I like to do stuff on %(tue)s""" % {'tue': do_stuff}
EDIT: forgot an 's' in the format specifier.
I think the simplest way is str.format() as others have said.
However, I thought I'd mention that Python has a string.Template class starting in Python2.4.
Here's an example from the docs.
>>> from string import Template
>>> s = Template('$who likes $what')
>>> s.substitute(who='tim', what='kung pao')
'tim likes kung pao'
One of the reasons I like this is the use of a mapping instead of positional arguments.
Also note that you don't need the intermediate variable:
name = "Alain"
print """
Hello %s
""" % (name)
Pass multiple args in simple way
wash_clothes = 'tuesdays'
clean_dishes = 'never'
a=""" I like to wash clothes on %s I like to clean dishes %s"""%(wash_clothes,clean_dishes)
print(a)
Related
I'm looking for a package or any other approach (other than manual replacement) for the templates within string formatting.
I want to achieve something like this (this is just an example so you could get the idea, not the actual working code):
text = "I {what:like,love} {item:pizza,space,science}".format(what=2,item=3)
print(text)
So the output would be:
I love science
How can I achieve this? I have been searching but cannot find anything appropriate. Probably used wrong naming terms.
If there isnt any ready to use package around I would love to read some tips on the starting point to code this myself.
I think using list is sufficient since python lists are persistent
what = ["like","love"]
items = ["pizza","space","science"]
text = "I {} {}".format(what[1],items[2])
print(text)
output:
I love science
My be use a list or a tuple for what and item as both data types preserve insertion order.
what = ['like', 'love']
item = ['pizza', 'space', 'science']
text = "I {what} {item}".format(what=what[1],item=item[2])
print(text) # I like science
or even this is possible.
text = "I {what[1]} {item[2]}".format(what=what, item=item)
print(text) # I like science
Hope this helps!
Why not use a dictionary?
options = {'what': ('like', 'love'), 'item': ('pizza', 'space', 'science')}
print("I " + options['what'][1] + ' ' + options['item'][2])
This returns: "I love science"
Or if you wanted a method to rid yourself of having to reformat to accommodate/remove spaces, then incorporate this into your dictionary structure, like so:
options = {'what': (' like', ' love'), 'item': (' pizza', ' space', ' science'), 'fullstop': '.'}
print("I" + options['what'][0] + options['item'][0] + options['fullstop'])
And this returns: "I like pizza."
Since no one have provided an appropriate answer that answers my question directly, I decided to work on this myself.
I had to use double brackets, because single ones are reserved for the string formatting.
I ended up with the following class:
class ArgTempl:
def __init__(self, _str):
self._str = _str
def format(self, **args):
for k in re.finditer(r"{{(\w+):([\w,]+?)}}", self._str,
flags=re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE | re.IGNORECASE):
key, replacements = k.groups()
if not key in args:
continue
self._str = self._str.replace(k.group(0), replacements.split(',')[args[key]])
return self._str
This is a primitive, 5 minute written code, therefore lack of checks and so on. It works as expected and can be improved easly.
Tested on Python 2.7 & 3.6~
Usage:
test = "I {{what:like,love}} {{item:pizza,space,science}}"
print(ArgTempl(test).format(what=1, item=2))
> I love science
Thanks for all of the replies.
I'm trying to get the "real" name of a movie from its name when you download it.
So for instance, I have
Star.Wars.Episode.4.A.New.Hope.1977.1080p.BrRip.x264.BOKUTOX.YIFY
and would like to get
Star Wars Episode 4 A New Hope
So I'm using this regex:
.*?\d{1}?[ .a-zA-Z]*
which works fine, but only for a movie with a number, as in 'Iron Man 3' for example.
I'd like to be able to get movies like 'Interstellar' from
Interstellar.2014.1080p.BluRay.H264.AAC-RARBG
and I currently get
Interstellar 2
I tried several ways, and spent quite a lot of time on it already, but figured it wouldn't hurt asking you guys if you had any suggestion/idea/tip on how to do it...
Thanks a lot!
Given your examples and assuming you always download in 1080p (or know that field's value):
x = 'Interstellar.2014.1080p.BluRay.H264.AAC-RARBG'
y = x.split('.')
print " ".join(y[:y.index('1080p')-1])
Forget the regex (for now anyway!) and work with the fixed field layout. Find a field you know (1080p) and remove the information you don't want (the year). Recombine the results and you get "Interstellar" and "Star Wars Episode 4 A New Hope".
The following regex would work (assuming the format is something like moviename.year.1080p.anything or moviename.year.720p.anything:
.*(?=.\d{4}.*\d{3,}p)
Regex example (try the unit tests to see the regex in action)
Explanation:
\.(?=.*?(?:19|20)\d{2}\b)|(?:19|20)\d{2}\b.*$
Try this with re.sub.See demo.
https://regex101.com/r/hR7tH4/10
import re
p = re.compile(r'\.(?=.*?(?:19|20)\d{2}\b)|(?:19|20)\d{2}\b.*$', re.MULTILINE)
test_str = "Star.Wars.Episode.4.A.New.Hope.1977.1080p.BrRip.x264.BOKUTOX.YIFY\nInterstellar.2014.1080p.BluRay.H264.AAC-RARBG\nIron Man 3"
subst = " "
result = re.sub(p, subst, test_str)
Assuming, there is always a four-digit-year, or a four-digit-resolution notation within the movie's file name, a simple solution replaces the not-wanted parts as this:
"(?:\.|\d{4,4}.+$)"
by a blank, strip()'ing them afterwards ...
For example:
test1 = "Star.Wars.Episode.4.A.New.Hope.1977.1080p.BrRip.x264.BOKUTOX.YIFY"
test2 = "Interstellar.2014.1080p.BluRay.H264.AAC-RARBG"
res1 = re.sub(r"(?:\.|\d{4,4}.+$)",' ',test1).strip()
res2 = re.sub(r"(?:\.|\d{4,4}.+$)",' ',test2).strip()
print(res1, res2, sep='\n')
>>> Star Wars Episode 4 A New Hope
>>> Interstellar
I'm building a reddit bot for practice that converts US dollars into other commonly used currencies, and I've managed to get the conversion part working fine, but now I'm a bit stuck trying to pass the characters that directly follow a dollar sign to the converter.
This is sort of how I want it to work:
def run_bot():
subreddit = r.get_subreddit("randomsubreddit")
comments = subreddit.get_comments(limit=25)
for comment in comments:
comment_text = comment.body
#If comment contains a string that starts with '$'
# Pass the rest of the 'word' to a variable
So for example, if it were going over a comment like this:
"I bought a boat for $5000 and it's awesome"
It would assign '5000' to a variable that I would then put through my converter
What would be the best way to do this?
(Hopefully that's enough information to go off, but if people are confused I'll add more)
You could use re.findall function.
>>> import re
>>> re.findall(r'\$(\d+)', "I bought a boat for $5000 and it's awesome")
['5000']
>>> re.findall(r'\$(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)', "I bought two boats for $5000 $5000.45")
['5000', '5000.45']
OR
>>> s = "I bought a boat for $5000 and it's awesome"
>>> [i[1:] for i in s.split() if i.startswith('$')]
['5000']
If you dealing with prices as in float number, you can use this:
import re
s = "I bought a boat for $5000 and it's awesome"
matches = re.findall("\$(\d*\.\d+|\d+)", s)
print(matches) # ['5000']
s2 = "I bought a boat for $5000.52 and it's awesome"
matches = re.findall("\$(\d*\.\d+|\d+)", s2)
print(matches) # ['5000.52']
So what i am trying to do is to have an input field named a. Then have a line of regex which checks a for 'i am (something)' (note something could be a chain of words.) and then prints How long have you been (something)?
This is my code so far:
if re.findall(r"i am", a):
print('How long have you been {}'.format(re.findall(r"i am", a)))
But this returns me a list of [i, am] not the (something). How do i get it to return me (something?)
Thanks,
A n00b at Python
Do you mean something like this?
>>> import re
>>> a = "I am a programmer"
>>> reg = re.compile(r'I am (.*?)$')
>>> print('How long have you been {}'.format(*reg.findall(a)))
How long have you been a programmer
r'I am (.*?)$' matches I am and then everything else to the end of the string.
To match one word after, you can do:
>>> a = "I am an apple"
>>> reg = re.compile(r'I am (\w+).*?$')
>>> print('How long have you been {}'.format(*reg.findall(a)))
How long have you been an
may be just a simple solution avoiding a weigth and cost regexp
>>> a = "i am foxmask"
>>> print a[5:]
foxmask
My regex needs to match two words in a sentence, but only the second word needs to be replaced. The first word is actually a key to a dictionary where the substitute for the second word is fetched. In PERL it would look something like:
$sentence = "Tom's boat is blue";
my %mydict = {}; # some key-pair values for name => color
$sentence =~ s/(\S+)'s boat is (\w+)/$1's boat is actually $mydict{$1}/;
print $sentence;
How can this be done in python?
Something like this:
>>> sentence = "Tom's boat is blue"
>>> mydict = { 'Tom': 'green' }
>>> import re
>>> re.sub("(\S+)'s boat is (\w+)", lambda m: "{}'s boat is actually {}".format(m.group(1), mydict[m.group(1)]), sentence)
"Tom's boat is actually green"
>>>
though it would look better with the lambda extracted to a named function.