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How do I convert seconds to hours, minutes and seconds?
(18 answers)
Closed 9 years ago.
How do I convert an int (number of seconds) to the formats mm:ss or hh:mm:ss?
I need to do this with Python code (and if possible in a Django template).
I can't believe any of the many answers gives what I'd consider the "one obvious way to do it" (and I'm not even Dutch...!-) -- up to just below 24 hours' worth of seconds (86399 seconds, specifically):
>>> import time
>>> time.strftime('%H:%M:%S', time.gmtime(12345))
'03:25:45'
Doing it in a Django template's more finicky, since the time filter supports a funky time-formatting syntax (inspired, I believe, from PHP), and also needs the datetime module, and a timezone implementation such as pytz, to prep the data. For example:
>>> from django import template as tt
>>> import pytz
>>> import datetime
>>> tt.Template('{{ x|time:"H:i:s" }}').render(
... tt.Context({'x': datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(12345, pytz.utc)}))
u'03:25:45'
Depending on your exact needs, it might be more convenient to define a custom filter for this formatting task in your app.
>>> a = datetime.timedelta(seconds=65)
datetime.timedelta(0, 65)
>>> str(a)
'0:01:05'
Read up on the datetime module.
SilentGhost's answer has the details my answer leaves out and is reposted here:
>>> a = datetime.timedelta(seconds=65)
datetime.timedelta(0, 65)
>>> str(a)
'0:01:05'
Code that does what was requested, with examples, and showing how cases he didn't specify are handled:
def format_seconds_to_hhmmss(seconds):
hours = seconds // (60*60)
seconds %= (60*60)
minutes = seconds // 60
seconds %= 60
return "%02i:%02i:%02i" % (hours, minutes, seconds)
def format_seconds_to_mmss(seconds):
minutes = seconds // 60
seconds %= 60
return "%02i:%02i" % (minutes, seconds)
minutes = 60
hours = 60*60
assert format_seconds_to_mmss(7*minutes + 30) == "07:30"
assert format_seconds_to_mmss(15*minutes + 30) == "15:30"
assert format_seconds_to_mmss(1000*minutes + 30) == "1000:30"
assert format_seconds_to_hhmmss(2*hours + 15*minutes + 30) == "02:15:30"
assert format_seconds_to_hhmmss(11*hours + 15*minutes + 30) == "11:15:30"
assert format_seconds_to_hhmmss(99*hours + 15*minutes + 30) == "99:15:30"
assert format_seconds_to_hhmmss(500*hours + 15*minutes + 30) == "500:15:30"
You can--and probably should--store this as a timedelta rather than an int, but that's a separate issue and timedelta doesn't actually make this particular task any easier.
You can calculate the number of minutes and hours from the number of seconds by simple division:
seconds = 12345
minutes = seconds // 60
hours = minutes // 60
print "%02d:%02d:%02d" % (hours, minutes % 60, seconds % 60)
print "%02d:%02d" % (minutes, seconds % 60)
Here // is Python's integer division.
If you use divmod, you are immune to different flavors of integer division:
# show time strings for 3800 seconds
# easy way to get mm:ss
print "%02d:%02d" % divmod(3800, 60)
# easy way to get hh:mm:ss
from functools import reduce
print "%02d:%02d:%02d" % \
reduce(lambda ll,b : divmod(ll[0],b) + ll[1:],
[(3800,),60,60])
# function to convert floating point number of seconds to
# hh:mm:ss.sss
def secondsToStr(t):
return "%02d:%02d:%02d.%03d" % \
reduce(lambda ll,b : divmod(ll[0],b) + ll[1:],
[(round(t*1000),),1000,60,60])
print secondsToStr(3800.123)
Prints:
63:20
01:03:20
01:03:20.123
Just be careful when dividing by 60: division between integers returns an integer ->
12/60 = 0 unless you import division from future.
The following is copy and pasted from Python 2.6.2:
IDLE 2.6.2
>>> 12/60
0
>>> from __future__ import division
>>> 12/60
0.20000000000000001
Not being a Python person, but the easiest without any libraries is just:
total = 3800
seconds = total % 60
total = total - seconds
hours = total / 3600
total = total - (hours * 3600)
mins = total / 60
If you need to do this a lot, you can precalculate all possible strings for number of seconds in a day:
try:
from itertools import product
except ImportError:
def product(*seqs):
if len(seqs) == 1:
for p in seqs[0]:
yield p,
else:
for s in seqs[0]:
for p in product(*seqs[1:]):
yield (s,) + p
hhmmss = []
for (h, m, s) in product(range(24), range(60), range(60)):
hhmmss.append("%02d:%02d:%02d" % (h, m, s))
Now conversion of seconds to format string is a fast indexed lookup:
print hhmmss[12345]
prints
'03:25:45'
EDIT:
Updated to 2020, removing Py2 compatibility ugliness, and f-strings!
import sys
from itertools import product
hhmmss = [f"{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}"
for h, m, s in product(range(24), range(60), range(60))]
# we can still just index into the list, but define as a function
# for common API with code below
seconds_to_str = hhmmss.__getitem__
print(seconds_to_str(12345))
How much memory does this take? sys.getsizeof of a list won't do, since it will just give us the size of the list and its str refs, but not include the memory of the strs themselves:
# how big is a list of 24*60*60 8-character strs?
list_size = sys.getsizeof(hhmmss) + sum(sys.getsizeof(s) for s in hhmmss)
print("{:,}".format(list_size))
prints:
5,657,616
What if we just had one big str? Every value is exactly 8 characters long, so we can slice into this str and get the correct str for second X of the day:
hhmmss_str = ''.join([f"{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}"
for h, m, s in product(range(24),
range(60),
range(60))])
def seconds_to_str(n):
loc = n * 8
return hhmmss_str[loc: loc+8]
print(seconds_to_str(12345))
Did that save any space?
# how big is a str of 24*60*60*8 characters?
str_size = sys.getsizeof(hhmmss_str)
print("{:,}".format(str_size))
prints:
691,249
Reduced to about this much:
print(str_size / list_size)
prints:
0.12218026108523448
On the performance side, this looks like a classic memory vs. CPU tradeoff:
import timeit
print("\nindex into pre-calculated list")
print(timeit.timeit("hhmmss[6]", '''from itertools import product; hhmmss = [f"{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}"
for h, m, s in product(range(24),
range(60),
range(60))]'''))
print("\nget slice from pre-calculated str")
print(timeit.timeit("hhmmss_str[6*8:7*8]", '''from itertools import product; hhmmss_str=''.join([f"{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}"
for h, m, s in product(range(24),
range(60),
range(60))])'''))
print("\nuse datetime.timedelta from stdlib")
print(timeit.timeit("timedelta(seconds=6)", "from datetime import timedelta"))
print("\ninline compute of h, m, s using divmod")
print(timeit.timeit("n=6;m,s=divmod(n,60);h,m=divmod(m,60);f'{h:02d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}'"))
On my machine I get:
index into pre-calculated list
0.0434853
get slice from pre-calculated str
0.1085147
use datetime.timedelta from stdlib
0.7625738
inline compute of h, m, s using divmod
2.0477764
Besides the fact that Python has built in support for dates and times (see bigmattyh's response), finding minutes or hours from seconds is easy:
minutes = seconds / 60
hours = minutes / 60
Now, when you want to display minutes or seconds, MOD them by 60 so that they will not be larger than 59
Related
I have a function that returns information in seconds, but I need to store that information in hours:minutes:seconds.
Is there an easy way to convert the seconds to this format in Python?
You can use datetime.timedelta function:
>>> import datetime
>>> str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=666))
'0:11:06'
By using the divmod() function, which does only a single division to produce both the quotient and the remainder, you can have the result very quickly with only two mathematical operations:
m, s = divmod(seconds, 60)
h, m = divmod(m, 60)
And then use string formatting to convert the result into your desired output:
print('{:d}:{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(h, m, s)) # Python 3
print(f'{h:d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}') # Python 3.6+
I can hardly name that an easy way (at least I can't remember the syntax), but it is possible to use time.strftime, which gives more control over formatting:
from time import strftime
from time import gmtime
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(666))
'00:11:06'
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(60*60*24))
'00:00:00'
gmtime is used to convert seconds to special tuple format that strftime() requires.
Note: Truncates after 23:59:59
Using datetime:
With the ':0>8' format:
from datetime import timedelta
"{:0>8}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=66)))
# Result: '00:01:06'
"{:0>8}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=666777)))
# Result: '7 days, 17:12:57'
"{:0>8}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=60*60*49+109)))
# Result: '2 days, 1:01:49'
Without the ':0>8' format:
"{}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=66)))
# Result: '00:01:06'
"{}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=666777)))
# Result: '7 days, 17:12:57'
"{}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=60*60*49+109)))
# Result: '2 days, 1:01:49'
Using time:
from time import gmtime
from time import strftime
# NOTE: The following resets if it goes over 23:59:59!
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(125))
# Result: '00:02:05'
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(60*60*24-1))
# Result: '23:59:59'
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(60*60*24))
# Result: '00:00:00'
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(666777))
# Result: '17:12:57'
# Wrong
This is my quick trick:
from humanfriendly import format_timespan
secondsPassed = 1302
format_timespan(secondsPassed)
# '21 minutes and 42 seconds'
For more info Visit:
https://humanfriendly.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html#humanfriendly.format_timespan
The following set worked for me.
def sec_to_hours(seconds):
a=str(seconds//3600)
b=str((seconds%3600)//60)
c=str((seconds%3600)%60)
d=["{} hours {} mins {} seconds".format(a, b, c)]
return d
print(sec_to_hours(10000))
# ['2 hours 46 mins 40 seconds']
print(sec_to_hours(60*60*24+105))
# ['24 hours 1 mins 45 seconds']
A bit off topic answer but maybe useful to someone
def time_format(seconds: int) -> str:
if seconds is not None:
seconds = int(seconds)
d = seconds // (3600 * 24)
h = seconds // 3600 % 24
m = seconds % 3600 // 60
s = seconds % 3600 % 60
if d > 0:
return '{:02d}D {:02d}H {:02d}m {:02d}s'.format(d, h, m, s)
elif h > 0:
return '{:02d}H {:02d}m {:02d}s'.format(h, m, s)
elif m > 0:
return '{:02d}m {:02d}s'.format(m, s)
elif s > 0:
return '{:02d}s'.format(s)
return '-'
Results in:
print(time_format(25*60*60 + 125))
>>> 01D 01H 02m 05s
print(time_format(17*60*60 + 35))
>>> 17H 00m 35s
print(time_format(3500))
>>> 58m 20s
print(time_format(21))
>>> 21s
This is how I got it.
def sec2time(sec, n_msec=3):
''' Convert seconds to 'D days, HH:MM:SS.FFF' '''
if hasattr(sec,'__len__'):
return [sec2time(s) for s in sec]
m, s = divmod(sec, 60)
h, m = divmod(m, 60)
d, h = divmod(h, 24)
if n_msec > 0:
pattern = '%%02d:%%02d:%%0%d.%df' % (n_msec+3, n_msec)
else:
pattern = r'%02d:%02d:%02d'
if d == 0:
return pattern % (h, m, s)
return ('%d days, ' + pattern) % (d, h, m, s)
Some examples:
$ sec2time(10, 3)
Out: '00:00:10.000'
$ sec2time(1234567.8910, 0)
Out: '14 days, 06:56:07'
$ sec2time(1234567.8910, 4)
Out: '14 days, 06:56:07.8910'
$ sec2time([12, 345678.9], 3)
Out: ['00:00:12.000', '4 days, 00:01:18.900']
hours (h) calculated by floor division (by //) of seconds by 3600 (60 min/hr * 60 sec/min)
minutes (m) calculated by floor division of remaining seconds (remainder from hour calculation, by %) by 60 (60 sec/min)
similarly, seconds (s) by remainder of hour and minutes calculation.
Rest is just string formatting!
def hms(seconds):
h = seconds // 3600
m = seconds % 3600 // 60
s = seconds % 3600 % 60
return '{:02d}:{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(h, m, s)
print(hms(7500)) # Should print 02h05m00s
If you need to get datetime.time value, you can use this trick:
my_time = (datetime(1970,1,1) + timedelta(seconds=my_seconds)).time()
You cannot add timedelta to time, but can add it to datetime.
UPD: Yet another variation of the same technique:
my_time = (datetime.fromordinal(1) + timedelta(seconds=my_seconds)).time()
Instead of 1 you can use any number greater than 0. Here we use the fact that datetime.fromordinal will always return datetime object with time component being zero.
dateutil.relativedelta is convenient if you need to access hours, minutes and seconds as floats as well. datetime.timedelta does not provide a similar interface.
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
rt = relativedelta(seconds=5440)
print(rt.seconds)
print('{:02d}:{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(
int(rt.hours), int(rt.minutes), int(rt.seconds)))
Prints
40.0
01:30:40
Here is a way that I always use: (no matter how inefficient it is)
seconds = 19346
def zeroes (num):
if num < 10: num = "0" + num
return num
def return_hms(second, apply_zeroes):
sec = second % 60
min_ = second // 60 % 60
hrs = second // 3600
if apply_zeroes > 0:
sec = zeroes(sec)
min_ = zeroes(min_)
if apply_zeroes > 1:
hrs = zeroes(hrs)
return "{}:{}:{}".format(hrs, min_, sec)
print(return_hms(seconds, 1))
RESULT:
5:22:26
Syntax of return_hms() function
The return_hms() function is used like this:
The first variable (second) is the amount of seconds you want to convert into h:m:s.
The second variable (apply_zeroes) is formatting:
0 or less: Apply no zeroes whatsoever
1: Apply zeroes to minutes and seconds when they're below 10.
2 or more: Apply zeroes to any value (including hours) when they're below 10.
Here is a simple program that reads the current time and converts it to a time of day in hours, minutes, and seconds
import time as tm #import package time
timenow = tm.ctime() #fetch local time in string format
timeinhrs = timenow[11:19]
t=tm.time()#time.time() gives out time in seconds since epoch.
print("Time in HH:MM:SS format is: ",timeinhrs,"\nTime since epoch is : ",t/(3600*24),"days")
The output is
Time in HH:MM:SS format is: 13:32:45
Time since epoch is : 18793.335252338384 days
You can divide seconds by 60 to get the minutes
import time
seconds = time.time()
minutes = seconds / 60
print(minutes)
When you divide it by 60 again, you will get the hours
In my case I wanted to achieve format
"HH:MM:SS.fff".
I solved it like this:
timestamp = 28.97000002861023
str(datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)+timedelta(hours=-1)).split(' ')[1][:12]
'00:00:28.970'
The solutions above will work if you're looking to convert a single value for "seconds since midnight" on a date to a datetime object or a string with HH:MM:SS, but I landed on this page because I wanted to do this on a whole dataframe column in pandas. If anyone else is wondering how to do this for more than a single value at a time, what ended up working for me was:
mydate='2015-03-01'
df['datetime'] = datetime.datetime(mydate) + \
pandas.to_timedelta(df['seconds_since_midnight'], 's')
I looked every answers here and still tried my own
def a(t):
print(f"{int(t/3600)}H {int((t/60)%60) if t/3600>0 else int(t/60)}M {int(t%60)}S")
Results:
>>> a(7500)
2H 5M 0S
>>> a(3666)
1H 1M 6S
Python: 3.8.8
division = 3623 // 3600 #to hours
division2 = 600 // 60 #to minutes
print (division) #write hours
print (division2) #write minutes
PS My code is unprofessional
22:11 + 22:22 = 44:33
varible_A = ('22:11')
varible_B = ('22:11')
the numbers on the left(22) are minutes
the numbers on the right(11) are seconds
I'm trying to add the two numbers to get
total = 44:22
This is a Bonus but would really help me out*
is it possible to treat the digits like time for instance...
varible_A = ('22:50')
varible_B = ('22:30')
I would like to get 45:20
instead of
44:80
Use datetime.timedelta() to model time durations:
from datetime import timedelta
def to_delta(value):
minutes, seconds = map(int, value.split(':'))
return timedelta(minutes=minutes, seconds=seconds)
var_a = to_delta('22:50')
var_b = to_delta('22:30')
var_a + var_b
You can then turn a timedelta() object back to a minutes + seconds representation:
def to_minutes_seconds(delta):
return '{:02.0f}:{:02.0f}'.format(*divmod(delta.total_seconds(), 60))
Demo:
>>> var_a = to_delta('22:50')
>>> var_b = to_delta('22:30')
>>> var_a + var_b
datetime.timedelta(0, 2720)
>>> to_minutes_seconds(var_a + var_b)
'45:20'
Alternatively, the str() result of a timedelta is formatted as HH:MM:SS:
>>> str(var_a + var_b)
'00:45:20'
and may suit your needs too. Note that for deltas that present more than one hour, there is a difference between str() and to_minutes_seconds(); the former shows you hours, minutes and seconds, the latter just shows minutes, where the minutes value can be over 60. Deltas representing more than 24 hours gain an extra prefix for the number of days:
>>> str(timedelta(minutes=65, seconds=10))
'1:05:10'
>>> to_minutes_seconds(timedelta(minutes=65, seconds=10))
'65:10'
>>> str(timedelta(minutes=(60*24)+1, seconds=10))
'1 day, 0:01:10'
I think these should be represented by objects, rather than one line comprehensions etc... As such my suggestion is to use a class like follows:
class Time(object):
def __init__(self,minutes,seconds):
self.minutes = minutes
self.seconds = seconds
def __add__(self,other):
return Time(self.minutes+other.minutes,self.seconds+other.seconds)
def __str__(self):
return "{0}:{1}".format(self.minutes,self.seconds)
A = Time(22,11)
B = Time(22,22)
print(A+B)
Produces
>>>
44:33
You can Use similar function
def add_with_column(*args):
res = (0,0)
for data in args:
nums = map(int, data.split(':'))
res = [i + j for i,j in zip(res, nums)]
return ':'.join([str(res[0] + res[1]/60), str(res[1] % 60)])
>>> add_with_column('22:50', '22:30')
'45:20'
a = '22:50'
b = '22:30'
def add_time(a, b):
a = map(int, a.split(':'))
b = map(int, b.split(':'))
a[1] += b[1]
a[0] += b[0] + a[1]//60
a[1] %= 60
return '{}:{}'.format(*a)
print a, b, add_time(a,b)
Something like this:
>>> def add_time(t1,t2):
h1,s1 = map(int,t1.split(":"))
h2,s2 = map(int,t2.split(":"))
q,r = divmod(s1+s2, 60)
return "{0}:{1:02d}".format( h1+h2+q, r)
...
>>> add_time('22:30','22:50')
'45:20'
>>> add_time('22:30','22:30')
'45:00'
A simple way to do this without importing any external machinery would be:
def add(time1,time2):
t1 = map(int,time1.split(':')) # t1[0] is minutes, t1[1] is seconds
t2 = map(int,time2.split(':')) # map will apply int() to both elements of the array
m = t1[0]+t2[0]+(t1[1]+t2[1])/60 # New minutes; recall that 70/60=1 for integer division
s = (t1[1]+t2[1]) % 60 #new seconds
return str(m)+":"+str(s)
add('22:30','22:50') # prints '45:20'
Of course, you can always import from datetime (which is probably better for practical applications), but if you want to implement time operations by yourself, this is how you can do so.
You want to split the times into their components
def split_time(time):
return time.split(':')
and add them
def add_times(time1, time2):
minutes = time1[0] + time2[0]
seconds = time1[1] + time2[1]
return minutes, seconds
and do modular arithmetic to "carry the minute" when appropriate
def carry_the_minute(minutes, seconds):
minutes += seconds / 60
seconds %= 60
return minutes, seconds
and create a representation of the result
def represent_time(minutes, seconds):
"""Specifies two-character-wide seconds with leading 0."""
return "{0}:{1:02d}".format(minutes, seconds)
Putting it all together will look something like this:
def add_times(time1, time2):
time1 = split_time(time1)
time2 = split_time(time2)
minutes, seconds = add_times(time1, time2)
minutes, seconds = carry_the_minute(minutes, seconds)
print represent_time(minutes, seconds)
Sometimes I get a string like "02:40" indicating 2 hours and 40 minutes. I'd like to parse that string into the number of minutes (160 in this case) using Python.
Sure, I can parse the string and multiply the hours by 60, but is there something in the standard lib that does this?
Personally, I think simply parsing the string is far easier to read:
>>> s = '02:40'
>>> int(s[:-3]) * 60 + int(s[-2:])
160
Note that using negative indexing means it will handle strings without the leading zero on the hour:
>>> s = '2:40'
>>> int(s[:-3]) * 60 + int(s[-2:])
160
You could also use the split() function:
>>> hours, minutes = s.split(':')
>>> int(hours) * 60 + int(minutes)
160
Or use the map() function to convert the pieces to integers:
>>> hours, minutes = map(int, s.split(':'))
>>> hours * 60 + minutes
160
Speed
Using the timeit module indicates it is also faster than other methods proposed here:
>>> import timeit
>>> parsetime = timeit.timeit("mins = int(s[:-3]) * 60 + int(s[-2:])", "s='02:40'", number=100000) / 100000
>>> parsetime
9.018449783325196e-06
The split() method is a bit slower:
>>> splittime = timeit.timeit("hours,minutes = s.split(':'); mins=int(hours)*60 + int(minutes)", "s='02:40'", number=100000)/100000
>>> splittime
1.1217889785766602e-05
>>> splittime/parsetime
1.2438822697120402
And using map() a bit slower again:
>>> splitmaptime = timeit.timeit("hours,minutes = map(int, s.split(':')); mins=hours*60 + minutes", "s='02:40'", number=100000)/100000
>>> splitmaptime
1.3971350193023682e-05
>>> splitmaptime/parsetime
1.5491964282881776
John Machin's map and sum is about 2.4 times slower:
>>> summaptime = timeit.timeit('mins=sum(map(lambda x, y: x * y, map(int, "2:40".split(":")), [60, 1]))', "s='02:40'", number=100000) / 100000
>>> summaptime
2.1276121139526366e-05
>>> summaptime/parsetime
2.43
Chrono Kitsune's strptime()-based answer is ten times slower:
>>> strp = timeit.timeit("t=time.strptime(s, '%H:%M');mins=t.tm_hour * 60 + t.tm_min", "import time; s='02:40'", number=100000)/100000
>>> strp
9.0362770557403569e-05
>>> strp/parsetime
10.019767557444432
Other than the following, string parsing (or if you want to be even slower for something so simple, use the re module) is the only way I can think of if you rely on the standard library. TimeDelta doesn't seem to suit the task.
>>> import time
>>> x = "02:40"
>>> t = time.strptime(x, "%H:%M")
>>> minutes = t.tm_hour * 60 + t.tm_min
>>> minutes
160
See http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:EAuL4vECPBEJ:docs.python.org/library/datetime.html+python+datetime&hl=en&client=firefox-a&gl=us&strip=1 since the main Python site is having problems.
The function you want is datetime.strptime or time.strptime, which create either a datetime or time object from a string with a time and another string describing the format.
If you want to not have to describe the format, use dateutil, http://labix.org/python-dateutil.
from dateutil.parser import parse
>>> d = parse('2009/05/13 19:19:30 -0400')
>>> d
datetime.datetime(2009, 5, 13, 19, 19, 30, tzinfo=tzoffset(None, -14400))
See How to parse dates with -0400 timezone string in python?
>>> sum(map(lambda x, y: x * y, map(int, "2:40".split(":")), [60, 1]))
160
I'm sure you can represent the given time as a TimeDelta object. From there I am sure there is an easy way to represent the TimeDelta in minutes.
There is:
from time import strptime
from calendar import timegm
T = '02:40'
t = timegm(strptime('19700101'+T,'%Y%m%d%H:%M'))
print t
But is this really better than brute calculus ?
.
An exotic solution, that doesn't need importing functions :
T = '02:40'
exec('x = %s' % T.replace(':','*60+'))
print x
edit: corrected second solution to obtain minutes, not seconds
.
Simplest solution
T = '02:40'
print int(T[0:2])*60 + int(T[3:])
Basically I have the inverse of this problem: Python Time Seconds to h:m:s
I have a string in the format H:MM:SS (always 2 digits for minutes and seconds), and I need the integer number of seconds that it represents. How can I do this in python?
For example:
"1:23:45" would produce an output of 5025
"0:04:15" would produce an output of 255
"0:00:25" would produce an output of 25
etc
def get_sec(time_str):
"""Get seconds from time."""
h, m, s = time_str.split(':')
return int(h) * 3600 + int(m) * 60 + int(s)
print(get_sec('1:23:45'))
print(get_sec('0:04:15'))
print(get_sec('0:00:25'))
ts = '1:23:45'
secs = sum(int(x) * 60 ** i for i, x in enumerate(reversed(ts.split(':'))))
print(secs)
Using datetime module
import datetime
t = '10:15:30'
h,m,s = t.split(':')
print(int(datetime.timedelta(hours=int(h),minutes=int(m),seconds=int(s)).total_seconds()))
Output: 36930
Without many checks, and assuming it's either "SS" or "MM:SS" or "HH:MM:SS" (although not necessarily two digits per part):
def to_seconds(timestr):
seconds= 0
for part in timestr.split(':'):
seconds= seconds*60 + int(part, 10)
return seconds
>>> to_seconds('09')
9
>>> to_seconds('2:09')
129
>>> to_seconds('1:02:09')
3729
This is a different “spelling” of FMc's answer :)
Using datetime module is also posible and more robust
import datetime as dt
def get_total_seconds(stringHMS):
timedeltaObj = dt.datetime.strptime(stringHMS, "%H:%M:%S") - dt.datetime(1900,1,1)
return timedeltaObj.total_seconds()
datetime.strptime parses the string according to format %H:%M:%S, and it creates a datetime object as year 1900, month1, day 1, hour H, minute M, and second S.
That's why to get the total of seconds is necessary to subtract the year, month and day.
print(get_total_seconds('1:23:45'))
>>> 5025.0
print(get_total_seconds('0:04:15'))
>>> 255.0
print(get_total_seconds('0:00:25'))
>>>25.0
You can use lambda and reduce a list and the fact that m=60s and h=60m. (see "Reducing a List" at http://www.python-course.eu/lambda.php)
timestamp = "1:23:45"
seconds = reduce(lambda x, y: x*60+y, [int(i) for i in (timestamp.replace(':',',')).split(',')])
You can split the time into a list and add each individual time component, multiplying the hours component by 3600 (the number of seconds in an hour) and the minutes component by 60 (number of seconds in a minute), like:
timeInterval ='00:35:01'
list = timeInterval.split(':')
hours = list[0]
minutes = list[1]
seconds = list[2]
total = (int(hours) * 3600 + int(minutes) * 60 + int(seconds))
print("total = ", total)
For %H:%M:%S.%f
def get_sec(time_str):
h, m, s = time_str.split(':')
return int(h) * 3600 + int(m) * 60 + float(s)
parts = time_string.split(":")
seconds = int(parts[0])*(60*60) + int(parts[1])*60 + int(parts[2])
I didn't really like any of the given answers, so I used the following:
def timestamp_to_seconds(t):
return sum(float(n) * m for n,
m in zip(reversed(time.split(':')), (1, 60, 3600))
)
Expanding on #FMc's solution which embodies half of Horner's method. Advantage of Horner's method: Skip reversing the list, avoid power calculation.
from functools import reduce
timestamp = "1:23:45"
seconds = reduce(lambda s, d: s * 60 + int(d), timestamp.split(":"), 0)
or, if you dislike reduce (as does Guido van Rossum and #0xc0de below):
timestamp = "1:23:45"
seconds = 0
for d in timestamp.split(":"):
seconds = seconds * 60 + int(d)
If you prefer zip (as does #nathan-rice below):
from itertools import accumulate, repeat
from operator import mul
def timestamp_to_seconds(t):
return sum(int(n) * m for n, m in
zip(reversed(t.split(":")), accumulate(repeat(60), func=mul, initial=1)))
Another alternative if you have days on string:
def duration2sec(string):
if "days" in string:
days = string.split()[0]
hours = string.split()[2].split(':')
return int(days) * 86400 + int(hours[0]) * 3600 + int(hours[1]) * 60 + int(hours[2])
else:
hours = string.split(':')
return int(hours[0]) * 3600 + int(hours[1]) * 60 + int(hours[2])
Just a simple generalization to the great response of taskinoor
In the context of my problem the format is similar, but includes AM or PM.
Format 'HH:MM:SS AM' or 'HH:MM:SS PM'
For this case the function changes to:
def get_sec(time_str):
"""Get Seconds from time."""
if 'AM' in time_str:
time_str = time_str.strip('AM')
h, m, s = time_str.split(':')
seconds = int(h) * 3600 + int(m) * 60 + int(s)
if 'PM' in time_str:
time_str = time_str.strip('PM')
h, m, s = time_str.split(':')
seconds = (12 + int(h)) * 3600 + int(m) * 60 + int(s)
return seconds
In Pandas using #JayRizzo 's cool function and a list comprehension:
def get_sec(time_str):
"""Get Seconds from time."""
h, m, s = time_str.split(':')
return int(h) * 3600 + int(m) * 60 + int(s)
df['secs']=[get_sec(x) for x in df['original_time_string']]
I liked tzot's answer above the best for my purposes because my H:M:S are human created and the can have float seconds part
Here is my small modification
def hms_to_seconds(timestr:str)->float:
"""Get seconds from time.
:param timestr: hh:mm:ss.xxx string or mm:s.xxx or simply s.xxx where xxx is the fraction of seconds
:returns: time in float seconds
"""
seconds= 0.
for part in timestr.split(':'):
seconds= seconds*60. + float(part)
return seconds
>>> hms_to_seconds('3.00')
3.0
>>> hms_to_seconds('1:3.00')
63.0
>>> hms_to_seconds('1:0:3.5')
3603.5
I have a function that returns information in seconds, but I need to store that information in hours:minutes:seconds.
Is there an easy way to convert the seconds to this format in Python?
You can use datetime.timedelta function:
>>> import datetime
>>> str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=666))
'0:11:06'
By using the divmod() function, which does only a single division to produce both the quotient and the remainder, you can have the result very quickly with only two mathematical operations:
m, s = divmod(seconds, 60)
h, m = divmod(m, 60)
And then use string formatting to convert the result into your desired output:
print('{:d}:{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(h, m, s)) # Python 3
print(f'{h:d}:{m:02d}:{s:02d}') # Python 3.6+
I can hardly name that an easy way (at least I can't remember the syntax), but it is possible to use time.strftime, which gives more control over formatting:
from time import strftime
from time import gmtime
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(666))
'00:11:06'
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(60*60*24))
'00:00:00'
gmtime is used to convert seconds to special tuple format that strftime() requires.
Note: Truncates after 23:59:59
Using datetime:
With the ':0>8' format:
from datetime import timedelta
"{:0>8}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=66)))
# Result: '00:01:06'
"{:0>8}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=666777)))
# Result: '7 days, 17:12:57'
"{:0>8}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=60*60*49+109)))
# Result: '2 days, 1:01:49'
Without the ':0>8' format:
"{}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=66)))
# Result: '00:01:06'
"{}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=666777)))
# Result: '7 days, 17:12:57'
"{}".format(str(timedelta(seconds=60*60*49+109)))
# Result: '2 days, 1:01:49'
Using time:
from time import gmtime
from time import strftime
# NOTE: The following resets if it goes over 23:59:59!
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(125))
# Result: '00:02:05'
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(60*60*24-1))
# Result: '23:59:59'
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(60*60*24))
# Result: '00:00:00'
strftime("%H:%M:%S", gmtime(666777))
# Result: '17:12:57'
# Wrong
This is my quick trick:
from humanfriendly import format_timespan
secondsPassed = 1302
format_timespan(secondsPassed)
# '21 minutes and 42 seconds'
For more info Visit:
https://humanfriendly.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html#humanfriendly.format_timespan
The following set worked for me.
def sec_to_hours(seconds):
a=str(seconds//3600)
b=str((seconds%3600)//60)
c=str((seconds%3600)%60)
d=["{} hours {} mins {} seconds".format(a, b, c)]
return d
print(sec_to_hours(10000))
# ['2 hours 46 mins 40 seconds']
print(sec_to_hours(60*60*24+105))
# ['24 hours 1 mins 45 seconds']
A bit off topic answer but maybe useful to someone
def time_format(seconds: int) -> str:
if seconds is not None:
seconds = int(seconds)
d = seconds // (3600 * 24)
h = seconds // 3600 % 24
m = seconds % 3600 // 60
s = seconds % 3600 % 60
if d > 0:
return '{:02d}D {:02d}H {:02d}m {:02d}s'.format(d, h, m, s)
elif h > 0:
return '{:02d}H {:02d}m {:02d}s'.format(h, m, s)
elif m > 0:
return '{:02d}m {:02d}s'.format(m, s)
elif s > 0:
return '{:02d}s'.format(s)
return '-'
Results in:
print(time_format(25*60*60 + 125))
>>> 01D 01H 02m 05s
print(time_format(17*60*60 + 35))
>>> 17H 00m 35s
print(time_format(3500))
>>> 58m 20s
print(time_format(21))
>>> 21s
This is how I got it.
def sec2time(sec, n_msec=3):
''' Convert seconds to 'D days, HH:MM:SS.FFF' '''
if hasattr(sec,'__len__'):
return [sec2time(s) for s in sec]
m, s = divmod(sec, 60)
h, m = divmod(m, 60)
d, h = divmod(h, 24)
if n_msec > 0:
pattern = '%%02d:%%02d:%%0%d.%df' % (n_msec+3, n_msec)
else:
pattern = r'%02d:%02d:%02d'
if d == 0:
return pattern % (h, m, s)
return ('%d days, ' + pattern) % (d, h, m, s)
Some examples:
$ sec2time(10, 3)
Out: '00:00:10.000'
$ sec2time(1234567.8910, 0)
Out: '14 days, 06:56:07'
$ sec2time(1234567.8910, 4)
Out: '14 days, 06:56:07.8910'
$ sec2time([12, 345678.9], 3)
Out: ['00:00:12.000', '4 days, 00:01:18.900']
hours (h) calculated by floor division (by //) of seconds by 3600 (60 min/hr * 60 sec/min)
minutes (m) calculated by floor division of remaining seconds (remainder from hour calculation, by %) by 60 (60 sec/min)
similarly, seconds (s) by remainder of hour and minutes calculation.
Rest is just string formatting!
def hms(seconds):
h = seconds // 3600
m = seconds % 3600 // 60
s = seconds % 3600 % 60
return '{:02d}:{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(h, m, s)
print(hms(7500)) # Should print 02h05m00s
If you need to get datetime.time value, you can use this trick:
my_time = (datetime(1970,1,1) + timedelta(seconds=my_seconds)).time()
You cannot add timedelta to time, but can add it to datetime.
UPD: Yet another variation of the same technique:
my_time = (datetime.fromordinal(1) + timedelta(seconds=my_seconds)).time()
Instead of 1 you can use any number greater than 0. Here we use the fact that datetime.fromordinal will always return datetime object with time component being zero.
dateutil.relativedelta is convenient if you need to access hours, minutes and seconds as floats as well. datetime.timedelta does not provide a similar interface.
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
rt = relativedelta(seconds=5440)
print(rt.seconds)
print('{:02d}:{:02d}:{:02d}'.format(
int(rt.hours), int(rt.minutes), int(rt.seconds)))
Prints
40.0
01:30:40
Here is a way that I always use: (no matter how inefficient it is)
seconds = 19346
def zeroes (num):
if num < 10: num = "0" + num
return num
def return_hms(second, apply_zeroes):
sec = second % 60
min_ = second // 60 % 60
hrs = second // 3600
if apply_zeroes > 0:
sec = zeroes(sec)
min_ = zeroes(min_)
if apply_zeroes > 1:
hrs = zeroes(hrs)
return "{}:{}:{}".format(hrs, min_, sec)
print(return_hms(seconds, 1))
RESULT:
5:22:26
Syntax of return_hms() function
The return_hms() function is used like this:
The first variable (second) is the amount of seconds you want to convert into h:m:s.
The second variable (apply_zeroes) is formatting:
0 or less: Apply no zeroes whatsoever
1: Apply zeroes to minutes and seconds when they're below 10.
2 or more: Apply zeroes to any value (including hours) when they're below 10.
Here is a simple program that reads the current time and converts it to a time of day in hours, minutes, and seconds
import time as tm #import package time
timenow = tm.ctime() #fetch local time in string format
timeinhrs = timenow[11:19]
t=tm.time()#time.time() gives out time in seconds since epoch.
print("Time in HH:MM:SS format is: ",timeinhrs,"\nTime since epoch is : ",t/(3600*24),"days")
The output is
Time in HH:MM:SS format is: 13:32:45
Time since epoch is : 18793.335252338384 days
You can divide seconds by 60 to get the minutes
import time
seconds = time.time()
minutes = seconds / 60
print(minutes)
When you divide it by 60 again, you will get the hours
In my case I wanted to achieve format
"HH:MM:SS.fff".
I solved it like this:
timestamp = 28.97000002861023
str(datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)+timedelta(hours=-1)).split(' ')[1][:12]
'00:00:28.970'
The solutions above will work if you're looking to convert a single value for "seconds since midnight" on a date to a datetime object or a string with HH:MM:SS, but I landed on this page because I wanted to do this on a whole dataframe column in pandas. If anyone else is wondering how to do this for more than a single value at a time, what ended up working for me was:
mydate='2015-03-01'
df['datetime'] = datetime.datetime(mydate) + \
pandas.to_timedelta(df['seconds_since_midnight'], 's')
I looked every answers here and still tried my own
def a(t):
print(f"{int(t/3600)}H {int((t/60)%60) if t/3600>0 else int(t/60)}M {int(t%60)}S")
Results:
>>> a(7500)
2H 5M 0S
>>> a(3666)
1H 1M 6S
Python: 3.8.8
division = 3623 // 3600 #to hours
division2 = 600 // 60 #to minutes
print (division) #write hours
print (division2) #write minutes
PS My code is unprofessional