Programmatically generate video or animated GIF in Python? - python

I have a series of images that I want to create a video from. Ideally I could specify a frame duration for each frame but a fixed frame rate would be fine too. I'm doing this in wxPython, so I can render to a wxDC or I can save the images to files, like PNG. Is there a Python library that will allow me to create either a video (AVI, MPG, etc) or an animated GIF from these frames?
Edit: I've already tried PIL and it doesn't seem to work. Can someone correct me with this conclusion or suggest another toolkit? This link seems to backup my conclusion regarding PIL: http://www.somethinkodd.com/oddthinking/2005/12/06/python-imaging-library-pil-and-animated-gifs/

I'd recommend not using images2gif from visvis because it has problems with PIL/Pillow and is not actively maintained (I should know, because I am the author).
Instead, please use imageio, which was developed to solve this problem and more, and is intended to stay.
Quick and dirty solution:
import imageio
images = []
for filename in filenames:
images.append(imageio.imread(filename))
imageio.mimsave('/path/to/movie.gif', images)
For longer movies, use the streaming approach:
import imageio
with imageio.get_writer('/path/to/movie.gif', mode='I') as writer:
for filename in filenames:
image = imageio.imread(filename)
writer.append_data(image)

Here's how you do it using only PIL (install with: pip install Pillow):
import glob
import contextlib
from PIL import Image
# filepaths
fp_in = "/path/to/image_*.png"
fp_out = "/path/to/image.gif"
# use exit stack to automatically close opened images
with contextlib.ExitStack() as stack:
# lazily load images
imgs = (stack.enter_context(Image.open(f))
for f in sorted(glob.glob(fp_in)))
# extract first image from iterator
img = next(imgs)
# https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/handbook/image-file-formats.html#gif
img.save(fp=fp_out, format='GIF', append_images=imgs,
save_all=True, duration=200, loop=0)
See docs: https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/handbook/image-file-formats.html#gif

Well, now I'm using ImageMagick. I save my frames as PNG files and then invoke ImageMagick's convert.exe from Python to create an animated GIF. The nice thing about this approach is I can specify a frame duration for each frame individually. Unfortunately this depends on ImageMagick being installed on the machine. They have a Python wrapper but it looks pretty crappy and unsupported. Still open to other suggestions.

As of June 2009 the originally cited blog post has a method to create animated GIFs in the comments. Download the script images2gif.py (formerly images2gif.py, update courtesy of #geographika).
Then, to reverse the frames in a gif, for instance:
#!/usr/bin/env python
from PIL import Image, ImageSequence
import sys, os
filename = sys.argv[1]
im = Image.open(filename)
original_duration = im.info['duration']
frames = [frame.copy() for frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im)]
frames.reverse()
from images2gif import writeGif
writeGif("reverse_" + os.path.basename(filename), frames, duration=original_duration/1000.0, dither=0)

I used images2gif.py which was easy to use. It did seem to double the file size though..
26 110kb PNG files, I expected 26*110kb = 2860kb, but my_gif.GIF was 5.7mb
Also because the GIF was 8bit, the nice png's became a little fuzzy in the GIF
Here is the code I used:
__author__ = 'Robert'
from images2gif import writeGif
from PIL import Image
import os
file_names = sorted((fn for fn in os.listdir('.') if fn.endswith('.png')))
#['animationframa.png', 'animationframb.png', 'animationframc.png', ...] "
images = [Image.open(fn) for fn in file_names]
print writeGif.__doc__
# writeGif(filename, images, duration=0.1, loops=0, dither=1)
# Write an animated gif from the specified images.
# images should be a list of numpy arrays of PIL images.
# Numpy images of type float should have pixels between 0 and 1.
# Numpy images of other types are expected to have values between 0 and 255.
#images.extend(reversed(images)) #infinit loop will go backwards and forwards.
filename = "my_gif.GIF"
writeGif(filename, images, duration=0.2)
#54 frames written
#
#Process finished with exit code 0
Here are 3 of the 26 frames:
shrinking the images reduced the size:
size = (150,150)
for im in images:
im.thumbnail(size, Image.ANTIALIAS)

To create a video, you could use opencv,
#load your frames
frames = ...
#create a video writer
writer = cvCreateVideoWriter(filename, -1, fps, frame_size, is_color=1)
#and write your frames in a loop if you want
cvWriteFrame(writer, frames[i])

I came across this post and none of the solutions worked, so here is my solution that does work
Problems with other solutions thus far:
1) No explicit solution as to how the duration is modified
2) No solution for the out of order directory iteration, which is essential for GIFs
3) No explanation of how to install imageio for python 3
install imageio like this: python3 -m pip install imageio
Note: you'll want to make sure your frames have some sort of index in the filename so they can be sorted, otherwise you'll have no way of knowing where the GIF starts or ends
import imageio
import os
path = '/Users/myusername/Desktop/Pics/' # on Mac: right click on a folder, hold down option, and click "copy as pathname"
image_folder = os.fsencode(path)
filenames = []
for file in os.listdir(image_folder):
filename = os.fsdecode(file)
if filename.endswith( ('.jpeg', '.png', '.gif') ):
filenames.append(filename)
filenames.sort() # this iteration technique has no built in order, so sort the frames
images = list(map(lambda filename: imageio.imread(filename), filenames))
imageio.mimsave(os.path.join('movie.gif'), images, duration = 0.04) # modify duration as needed

Like Warren said last year, this is an old question. Since people still seem to be viewing the page, I'd like to redirect them to a more modern solution. Like blakev said here, there is a Pillow example on github.
import ImageSequence
import Image
import gifmaker
sequence = []
im = Image.open(....)
# im is your original image
frames = [frame.copy() for frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im)]
# write GIF animation
fp = open("out.gif", "wb")
gifmaker.makedelta(fp, frames)
fp.close()
Note: This example is outdated (gifmaker is not an importable module, only a script). Pillow has a GifImagePlugin (whose source is on GitHub), but the doc on ImageSequence seems to indicate limited support (reading only)

Old question, lots of good answers, but there might still be interest in another alternative...
The numpngw module that I recently put up on github (https://github.com/WarrenWeckesser/numpngw) can write animated PNG files from numpy arrays. (Update: numpngw is now on pypi: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/numpngw.)
For example, this script:
import numpy as np
import numpngw
img0 = np.zeros((64, 64, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
img0[:32, :32, :] = 255
img1 = np.zeros((64, 64, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
img1[32:, :32, 0] = 255
img2 = np.zeros((64, 64, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
img2[32:, 32:, 1] = 255
img3 = np.zeros((64, 64, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
img3[:32, 32:, 2] = 255
seq = [img0, img1, img2, img3]
for img in seq:
img[16:-16, 16:-16] = 127
img[0, :] = 127
img[-1, :] = 127
img[:, 0] = 127
img[:, -1] = 127
numpngw.write_apng('foo.png', seq, delay=250, use_palette=True)
creates:
You'll need a browser that supports animated PNG (either directly or with a plugin) to see the animation.

As one member mentioned above, imageio is a great way to do this. imageio also allows you to set the frame rate, and I actually wrote a function in Python that allows you to set a hold on the final frame. I use this function for scientific animations where looping is useful but immediate restart isn't. Here is the link and the function:
How to make a GIF using Python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import os
import imageio
def gif_maker(gif_name,png_dir,gif_indx,num_gifs,dpi=90):
# make png path if it doesn't exist already
if not os.path.exists(png_dir):
os.makedirs(png_dir)
# save each .png for GIF
# lower dpi gives a smaller, grainier GIF; higher dpi gives larger, clearer GIF
plt.savefig(png_dir+'frame_'+str(gif_indx)+'_.png',dpi=dpi)
plt.close('all') # comment this out if you're just updating the x,y data
if gif_indx==num_gifs-1:
# sort the .png files based on index used above
images,image_file_names = [],[]
for file_name in os.listdir(png_dir):
if file_name.endswith('.png'):
image_file_names.append(file_name)
sorted_files = sorted(image_file_names, key=lambda y: int(y.split('_')[1]))
# define some GIF parameters
frame_length = 0.5 # seconds between frames
end_pause = 4 # seconds to stay on last frame
# loop through files, join them to image array, and write to GIF called 'wind_turbine_dist.gif'
for ii in range(0,len(sorted_files)):
file_path = os.path.join(png_dir, sorted_files[ii])
if ii==len(sorted_files)-1:
for jj in range(0,int(end_pause/frame_length)):
images.append(imageio.imread(file_path))
else:
images.append(imageio.imread(file_path))
# the duration is the time spent on each image (1/duration is frame rate)
imageio.mimsave(gif_name, images,'GIF',duration=frame_length)

It's not a python library, but mencoder can do that: Encoding from multiple input image files. You can execute mencoder from python like this:
import os
os.system("mencoder ...")

Installation
pip install imageio-ffmpeg
pip install imageio
Code
import imageio
images = []
for filename in filenames:
images.append(imageio.imread(filename))
imageio.mimsave('movie.mp4', images)
Quality is raised and size is reduced from 8Mb to 80Kb when saving as mp4 than gif

from PIL import Image
import glob #use it if you want to read all of the certain file type in the directory
imgs=[]
for i in range(596,691):
imgs.append("snap"+str(i)+'.png')
print("scanned the image identified with",i)
starting and ending value+1 of the index that identifies different file names
imgs = glob.glob("*.png") #do this if you want to read all files ending with .png
my files were: snap596.png, snap597.png ...... snap690.png
frames = []
for i in imgs:
new_frame = Image.open(i)
frames.append(new_frame)
Save into a GIF file that loops forever
frames[0].save('fire3_PIL.gif', format='GIF',
append_images=frames[1:],
save_all=True,
duration=300, loop=0)
I found flickering issue with imageio and this method fixed it.

Have you tried PyMedia? I am not 100% sure but it looks like this tutorial example targets your problem.

With windows7, python2.7, opencv 3.0, the following works for me:
import cv2
import os
vvw = cv2.VideoWriter('mymovie.avi',cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc('X','V','I','D'),24,(640,480))
frameslist = os.listdir('.\\frames')
howmanyframes = len(frameslist)
print('Frames count: '+str(howmanyframes)) #just for debugging
for i in range(0,howmanyframes):
print(i)
theframe = cv2.imread('.\\frames\\'+frameslist[i])
vvw.write(theframe)

The easiest thing that makes it work for me is calling a shell command in Python.
If your images are stored such as dummy_image_1.png, dummy_image_2.png ... dummy_image_N.png, then you can use the function:
import subprocess
def grid2gif(image_str, output_gif):
str1 = 'convert -delay 100 -loop 1 ' + image_str + ' ' + output_gif
subprocess.call(str1, shell=True)
Just execute:
grid2gif("dummy_image*.png", "my_output.gif")
This will construct your gif file my_output.gif.

The task can be completed by running the two line python script from the same folder as the sequence of picture files. For png formatted files the script is -
from scitools.std import movie
movie('*.png',fps=1,output_file='thisismygif.gif')

I was looking for a single line code and found the following to work for my application. Here is what I did:
First Step: Install ImageMagick from the link below
https://www.imagemagick.org/script/download.php
Second Step: Point the cmd line to the folder where the images (in my case .png format) are placed
Third Step: Type the following command
magick -quality 100 *.png outvideo.mpeg
Thanks FogleBird for the idea!

Addition to Smart Manoj answers: Make a .mp4 movie from all images in a folder
Installation:
pip install imageio-ffmpeg
pip install imageio
Code:
import os
import imageio
root = r'path_to_folder_with_images'
images = []
for subdir, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
for file in files:
images.append(imageio.imread(os.path.join(root,file)))
savepath = r'path_to_save_folder'
imageio.mimsave(os.path.join(savepath,'movie.mp4'), images)
PS: Make sure your "files" list is sorted the way you want, you will save some time if you already save your images accordingly

A simple function that makes GIFs:
import imageio
import pathlib
from datetime import datetime
def make_gif(image_directory: pathlib.Path, frames_per_second: float, **kwargs):
"""
Makes a .gif which shows many images at a given frame rate.
All images should be in order (don't know how this works) in the image directory
Only tested with .png images but may work with others.
:param image_directory:
:type image_directory: pathlib.Path
:param frames_per_second:
:type frames_per_second: float
:param kwargs: image_type='png' or other
:return: nothing
"""
assert isinstance(image_directory, pathlib.Path), "input must be a pathlib object"
image_type = kwargs.get('type', 'png')
timestampStr = datetime.now().strftime("%y%m%d_%H%M%S")
gif_dir = image_directory.joinpath(timestampStr + "_GIF.gif")
print('Started making GIF')
print('Please wait... ')
images = []
for file_name in image_directory.glob('*.' + image_type):
images.append(imageio.imread(image_directory.joinpath(file_name)))
imageio.mimsave(gif_dir.as_posix(), images, fps=frames_per_second)
print('Finished making GIF!')
print('GIF can be found at: ' + gif_dir.as_posix())
def main():
fps = 2
png_dir = pathlib.Path('C:/temp/my_images')
make_gif(png_dir, fps)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

I just tried the following and was very useful:
First Download the libraries Figtodat and images2gif to your local directory.
Secondly Collect the figures in an array and convert them to an animated gif:
import sys
sys.path.insert(0,"/path/to/your/local/directory")
import Figtodat
from images2gif import writeGif
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy
figure = plt.figure()
plot = figure.add_subplot (111)
plot.hold(False)
# draw a cardinal sine plot
images=[]
y = numpy.random.randn(100,5)
for i in range(y.shape[1]):
plot.plot (numpy.sin(y[:,i]))
plot.set_ylim(-3.0,3)
plot.text(90,-2.5,str(i))
im = Figtodat.fig2img(figure)
images.append(im)
writeGif("images.gif",images,duration=0.3,dither=0)

I came upon PIL's ImageSequence module, which offers for a better (and more standard) GIF aninmation. I also use Tk's after() method this time, which is better than time.sleep().
from Tkinter import *
from PIL import Image, ImageTk, ImageSequence
def stop(event):
global play
play = False
exit()
root = Tk()
root.bind("<Key>", stop) # Press any key to stop
GIFfile = {path_to_your_GIF_file}
im = Image.open(GIFfile); img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(im)
delay = im.info['duration'] # Delay used in the GIF file
lbl = Label(image=img); lbl.pack() # Create a label where to display images
play = True;
while play:
for frame in ImageSequence.Iterator(im):
if not play: break
root.after(delay);
img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(frame)
lbl.config(image=img); root.update() # Show the new frame/image
root.mainloop()

It's really incredible ... All are proposing some special package for playing an animated GIF, at the moment that it can be done with Tkinter and the classic PIL module!
Here is my own GIF animation method (I created a while ago). Very simple:
from Tkinter import *
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
from time import sleep
def stop(event):
global play
play = False
exit()
root = Tk()
root.bind("<Key>", stop) # Press any key to stop
GIFfile = {path_to_your_GIF_file}
im = Image.open(GIFfile); img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(im)
delay = float(im.info['duration'])/1000; # Delay used in the GIF file
lbl = Label(image=img); lbl.pack() # Create a label where to display images
play = True; frame = 0
while play:
sleep(delay);
frame += 1
try:
im.seek(frame); img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(im)
lbl.config(image=img); root.update() # Show the new frame/image
except EOFError:
frame = 0 # Restart
root.mainloop()
You can set your own means to stop the animation. Let me know if you like to get the full version with play/pause/quit buttons.
Note: I am not sure if the consecutive frames are read from memory or from the file (disk). In the second case it would be more efficient if they all read at once and saved into an array (list). (I'm not so interested to find out! :)

I understand you asked about converting images to a gif; however, if the original format is MP4, you could use FFmpeg:
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 output.gif

Related

Pysimplegui resizing images

I'm trying to resize images in pysimplegui however it crops the images instead of resizing.
My image element is written as:
ui.Image('{filename}'), size=(50,50)))
Which results to something like:
While the original looks like:
I've seen somewhere else that suggests PIL (link). However, this looks a lot longer than i liked and was wondering if there is an easier way to do this.
Peace
hi
to resize an image you need to take advantage of the pillow library, but you need to import other libraries too in order to convert it into bytes if needed, here is an example:
import PIL.Image
import io
import base64
def resize_image(image_path, resize=None): #image_path: "C:User/Image/img.jpg"
if isinstance(image_path, str):
img = PIL.Image.open(image_path)
else:
try:
img = PIL.Image.open(io.BytesIO(base64.b64decode(image_path)))
except Exception as e:
data_bytes_io = io.BytesIO(image_path)
img = PIL.Image.open(data_bytes_io)
cur_width, cur_height = img.size
if resize:
new_width, new_height = resize
scale = min(new_height/cur_height, new_width/cur_width)
img = img.resize((int(cur_width*scale), int(cur_height*scale)), PIL.Image.ANTIALIAS)
bio = io.BytesIO()
img.save(bio, format="PNG")
del img
return bio.getvalue()
ui.Image(key="-PHOTO-",size=(50,50) #after some change
elif event == "-IMG-": # the"-IMG-" key is in [ui.I(key="IMG",enable_events=True), ui.FileBrowse()]
window['-PHOTO-'].update(data=resize_image(value["-IMG-"],resize=(50,50)))
I hope this helps
Helloooo, heres my workaround to resize images in pysimplegui:
read the image stored in the path 'old_path'.
resize this image to my desired dimensions.
store the resized image in a folder as a 'png' file.
finally display the resized image.
old_path = os.path.join(
values["-FOLDER-"], values["-FILE LIST-"][0]
)
# read image using old_path
im = cv2.imread(old_path)
# resize image to desired dimensions
im = cv2.resize(im,[700,500])
# save image to temporary folder (new_path) as png
new_path ='temp_storage/image_to_show.png'
cv2.imwrite(new_path,im)
# update window with new resized image
window["-IMAGE-"].update(new_path)
if you need the full code let me know. The image storing folder only stores the image to be shown, it will override every time you choose a new image so no worries about images pilling up.
cv2 needed for reading, resizing and writing. (or PIL)
Goodluck!

Convert .IMG (Classic Disk Image) to .PNG/.JPG in Python

I have a dataset of 1,00,000+ .IMG files that I need to convert to .PNG / .JPG format to apply CNN for a simple classification task.
I referred to this answer and the solution works for me partially. What I mean is that some images are not properly converted. The reason for that, according to my understanding is that some images have a Pixel Depth of 16 while some have 8.
for file in fileList:
rawData = open(file, 'rb').read()
size = re.search("(LINES = \d\d\d\d)|(LINES = \d\d\d)", str(rawData))
pixelDepth = re.search("(SAMPLE_BITS = \d\d)|(SAMPLE_BITS = \d)", str(rawData))
size = (str(size)[-6:-2])
pixelDepth = (str(pixelDepth)[-4:-2])
print(int(size))
print(int(pixelDepth))
imgSize = (int(size), int(size))
img = Image.frombytes('L', imgSize, rawData)
img.save(str(file)+'.jpg')
Data Source: NASA Messenger Mission
.IMG files and their corresponding converted .JPG Files
Files with Pixel Depth of 8 are successfully converted:
Files with Pixel Depth of 16 are NOT properly converted:
Please let me know if there's any more information that I should provide.
Hopefully, from my other answer, here, you now have a better understanding of how your files are formatted. So, the code should look something like this:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import sys
import re
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
import cv2
rawData = open('EW0220137564B.IMG', 'rb').read()
# File size in bytes
fs = len(rawData)
bitDepth = int(re.search("SAMPLE_BITS\s+=\s+(\d+)",str(rawData)).group(1))
bytespp = int(bitDepth/8)
height = int(re.search("LINES\s+=\s+(\d+)",str(rawData)).group(1))
width = int(re.search("LINE_SAMPLES\s+=\s+(\d+)",str(rawData)).group(1))
print(bitDepth,height,width)
# Offset from start of file to image data - assumes image at tail end of file
offset = fs - (width*height*bytespp)
# Check bitDepth
if bitDepth == 8:
na = np.frombuffer(rawData, offset=offset, dtype=np.uint8).reshape(height,width)
elif bitDepth == 16:
dt = np.dtype(np.uint16)
dt = dt.newbyteorder('>')
na = np.frombuffer(rawData, offset=offset, dtype=dt).reshape(height,width).astype(np.uint8)
else:
print(f'ERROR: Unexpected bit depth: {bitDepth}',file=sys.stderr)
# Save either with PIL
Image.fromarray(na).save('result.jpg')
# Or with OpenCV may be faster
cv2.imwrite('result.jpg', na)
If you have thousands to do, I would recommend GNU Parallel which you can easily install on your Mac with homebrew using:
brew install parallel
You can then change my program above to accept a filename as parameter in-place of the hard-coded filename and the command to get them all done in parallel is:
parallel --dry-run script.py {} ::: *.IMG
For a bit more effort, you can get it done even faster by putting the code above in a function and calling the function for each file specified as a parameter. That way you can avoid starting a new Python interpreter per image and tell GNU Parallel to pass as many files as possible to each invocation of your script like this:
parallel -X --dry-run script.py ::: *.IMG
The structure of the script then looks like this:
def processOne(filename):
open, read, search, extract, save as per my code above
# Main - process all filenames received as parameters
for filename in sys.argv[1:]:
processOne(filename)

Chunking a directory and applying image blending using PIL. Can't save images correctly with Python

Sorry for the title... So the goal of this script is to take a folder full on images that are listed in a particular order. Then it chunks the images into groups of 3. From there it takes the 3 images and blends them together using PIL. Now the issue that I have is that the code below does a great job of doing what I want. I can show imgbld2 it'll create 4 images in a temporary folder.
Now my problem is that when I go to save the images using imgbld2.save()it will only save the first created image into 4 image files, instead of 4 created images into 4 separate files.
I can fix this issue by pointing another script to retrieve the images from the temp folder by using glob.glob(). But that would require me to make sure to run the script on a freshly restarted computer but that seems to be too messy for my taste.
Is there a better way to achieve what I'm trying to do? Or there a saving method that I'm missing?
Any help would be appreciated, here is the code:
from PIL import Image
import os.path
import glob
#Lists Directory
Dir = os.listdir('/path/to/Directory/of/Images')
#Glob all jpgs
im = glob.glob( '/path/to/Directory/of/Images/*.jpg')
#sort jpg according to name
imsort = sorted(im)
def chunker(imsort,size = 3):
for i in range(0, len(imsort), size):
yield imsort[i:i + size]
print('what does it look like?')
for j in chunker(imsort):
print(j)
img1 = Image.open(j[0])
img2 = Image.open(j[1])
img3 = Image.open(j[2])
imgbld1 = Image.blend(img1, img2, 0.3)
imgbld2 = Image.blend(imgbld1, img3, 0.3)
imgbld2.show()
imgbld2.save('path/to/new/folder/' + 'blended' , 'JPEG')

Using python to save a JPG image that was edited in the script

Referring to the answer to this question, I tried to save my own JPG image files, after some basic image processing. I've only applied a rotation and a shear. This is my code:
import numpy as np
import sys
from skimage import data, io, filter, color, exposure
import skimage.transform as tf
from skimage.transform import rotate, setup, AffineTransform
from PIL import Image
mypath = PATH_TO_FILENAME
readfile = FILENAME
img = color.rgb2gray(io.imread(mypath + readfile))
myimg = rotate(img, angle=10, order=2)
afine_tf = tf.AffineTransform(shear=0.1)
editedimg = tf.warp(myimg, afine_tf)
# IF I UNCOMMENT THE TWO LINES BELOW, I CAN SEE THE EDITED IMAGE AS EXPECTED
#io.imshow(editedimg)
#io.show()
saveimg= np.array(editedimg)
result = Image.fromarray((saveimg).astype(np.uint8))
newfile = "edited_" + readfile
result.save(path+newfile)
I know that the image processing was fine because if I display it before saving, it's just the original image with a bit of rotation and shearing, as expected. But I'm doing something wrong while saving it. I tried without the astype(np.uint8)) part but got an error. Then I removed some of the code from the link mentioned above because I guessed it was particularly for Fourier Transforms, since when I included some of their code, then I got an image that was all gray but with white lines in the direction of the shear I'd applied. But now the image that gets saved is just 2KB of nothing but blackness.
And when I tried something as simple as:
result = Image.fromarray(editedimg)
result.save(path+newfile)
then I got this error:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as JPEG" % im.mode)
IOError: cannot write mode F as JPEG
I don't really need to use PIL, if there's another way to simply save my image, I'm fine with that.
Look into the PIL fork, Pillow, is is not as outdated and what you should probably be using for this.
Also depending on your operating system you may need a few other libraries to compile PIL with JPEG support properly, see here
This may also help Says you need to convert your image to RGB mode before saving.
Image.open('old.jpeg').convert('RGB').save('new.jpeg')

How to create a multiple frame .tif image using Python PIL

How would I go about creating a new image, using python PIL, which has multiple frames in it.
new_Image = Image.new("I;16", (num_pixels,num_rows))
for frame in range((len(final_rows)/num_rows)):
pixels = new_Image.load()
for row in range(num_rows):
row_pixel = final_rows[row].getPixels()
for pixel in range(num_pixels):
pixels[pixel,row] = row_pixel[pixel]
print frame
new_Image.seek(frame)
I tried using the above code but it gives me a EOFError. The code gets the number of frames by dividing the total number of rows that I have by the number of rows per frame. It then uses the data as pixel data. I was trying to seek a new frame but I guess it hasn't been created. How do I create these frames?
Edit: I would like a .tif file format
new_Image is what you have loaded, i.e. read - if it doesn't have more than one frame you can not move on the the next.
For the moment PIL does not have support for creating Multi-Frame GIFs so you would need to switch to pillow which does - there is some sample code on GitHub.
Update
Took the time to investigate further and found a bug fixed version of images2gif so what I did was to use pip install images2gif and then downloaded the bug fixed version from here and overwrote the one installed by pip but you could just download that bug fix version and put it in the same directory as your development file.
I then created a CreateGif.py file:
# coding: utf-8
from __future__ import print_function # Python 2/3 compatibility
import glob
from PIL import Image
from images2gif import writeGif
DELAY=0.75 # How long between frames
FRAMES = [] # Empty list of frames
FIRST_SIZE = None # I am going to say that the first file is the right size
OUT_NAME = "test.gif" # Name to save to
filelist = glob.glob("*.jpg") # For this test I am just using the images in the current directory in the order they are
for fn in filelist: # For each name in the list
img = Image.open(fn) # Read the image
if FIRST_SIZE is None: # Don't have a size
FIRST_SIZE = img.size # So use this one
if img.size == FIRST_SIZE: # Check the current image size if it is OK we can use it
print ("Adding:", fn) # Show some progress
FRAMES.append(img) # Add it to our frames list
else:
print ("Discard:", fn, img.size, "<>", FIRST_SIZE) # You could resize and append here!
print("Writing", len(FRAMES), "frames to", OUT_NAME)
writeGif(OUT_NAME, FRAMES, duration=DELAY, dither=0)
print("Done")
Running this in my test directory resulted in:
F:\Uploads>python CreateGif.py
Adding: Hidden.jpg
Adding: NewJar.jpg
Adding: P1000063.JPG
Adding: P1000065.JPG
Adding: P1000089.JPG
Discard: WiFi_Virgin.jpg (370, 370) <> (800, 600)
Writing 5 frames to test.gif
Done
And produced:
And Now For TiFF files
First I installed tiffile, pip install -U tiffile, I already had numpy installed, then:
# coding: utf-8
from __future__ import print_function # Python 2/3 compatibility
import glob
from PIL import Image
import tifffile
import numpy
def PIL2array(img):
""" Convert a PIL/Pillow image to a numpy array """
return numpy.array(img.getdata(),
numpy.uint8).reshape(img.size[1], img.size[0], 3)
FRAMES = [] # Empty list of frames
FIRST_SIZE = None # I am going to say that the first file is the right size
OUT_NAME = "test.tiff" # Name to save to
filelist = glob.glob("*.jpg") # For this test I am just using the images in the current directory in the order they are
# Get the images into an array
for fn in filelist: # For each name in the list
img = Image.open(fn) # Read the image
if FIRST_SIZE is None: # Don't have a size
FIRST_SIZE = img.size # So use this one
if img.size == FIRST_SIZE: # Check the current image size if it is OK we can use it
print ("Adding:", fn) # Show some progress
FRAMES.append(img) # Add it to our frames list
else:
print ("Discard:", fn, img.size, "<>", FIRST_SIZE) # You could resize and append here!
print("Writing", len(FRAMES), "frames to", OUT_NAME)
with tifffile.TiffWriter(OUT_NAME) as tiff:
for img in FRAMES:
tiff.save(PIL2array(img), compress=6)
print("Done")
Which produced a nice tiff file, but unfortunately the SO viewer does not display multi-page tiff files that windows at least thinks is acceptable as can be seen below.
Start with a PIL image of the first frame, then save that and pass the other frame images in a list to the append_images parameter and save them all. It works with webp, gif, and tiff formats, though tiff appears to ignore the duration and loop parameters:
im1.save(save_to, format="tiff", append_images=[im2], save_all=True, duration=500, loop=0)
See also the documentation.

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