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Command window in Pycharm

Is there a interface in Pycharm where we can simply type in some commands and run it ?
Something like in Matlab, we can type in "a = 1; b = 2; c = a+b" then we get ans=3.
Thanks
PS: we know we can create a python file in Pycharm and run it, e.g., "a = 1; b = 2; c = a+b; print(c)" but it is not as convenient as a command window.

Short answer from the docs:
To launch an interactive console
On the main menu, choose Tools | Run Python console.
Description:
REPL console
PyCharm also helps those who love the full control of an
interactive console: on the Tools menu, you can find commands that
launch the interactive Python or Django consoles. Here you can type
commands and execute them immediately. Moreover, PyCharm's interactive
consoles feature syntax highlighting, code completion, and allow
viewing the history of commands (Ctrl+Alt+E or Up/Down arrows while in
the editor).
PyCharm also makes it possible to run in console source code from the
editor — just make your selection, and then press Shift+Alt+E (Execute
selection in console on the context menu of the selection).
Independent of Pycharm, you can also access the REPL in the terminal (or cmd shell on Windows) by typing
python
at the prompt.

In PyCharm, you navigate to the View -> Tool Windows menu and toggle the Terminal window See image here. It will likely show up at the bottom of your IDE window.
Another very good (and more general option) is to use IDLE. From its Wikipedia entry...
IDLE is intended to be a simple IDE and suitable for beginners, especially in an educational environment. To that end, it is cross-platform, and avoids feature clutter.
It ships with basically every standard version of Python since 1.5.2 so I'm pretty sure you have it available on your system (I've checked with Linux and Mac OS X).
To fire up IDLE in Python2, enter: /path/to/python/bin/idle where /path/to/python/bin is where you find the Python executable.
For Python3, use idle3 instead.
You should see a new separate terminal window open up (with syntax highlighting and all!)See image here.

Find the attached screenshot..
You can observe the o/p of the editor in Run window.
You can also find Python Console and Command Terminal at the bottom of the Pycharm.

py2exe: Allow a console window to be either shown or hidden with a sys.argv

I have a python program using PySide. When run normally, it opens up a PySide GUI, but when run with some flags in the command line, it spits some things out in the console window.
I'd like to retain this dual functionality, but it seems with py2exe you have to choose whether to have a console window or not when compiling, with no option for choosing during program execution.
Is what I want to do possible with py2exe, or even with some other python "compiler?"

This is not a py2exe limitation, but a Windows limitation. On Windows, applications are compiled either as Console Applications or GUI Applications. The difference is that Console Applications always open a console window, whilst GUI Applications never do.
As far as I can tell, it's not possible to have an application with dual functionality. As a workaround, I suggest that you simply compile two executables: one for console use and one for GUI use.

Sublime: current file in console python

in Sublime console one can execute arbitrary python code. But how can I select the current file buffer to execute commands on it? Like in a "on the fly" plugin.
EDIT
I wasn't clear in my question. I don't want to execute the Python code I'm programming, and I'm aware of SublimeREPL. I want to manipulate the text I'm writing (being it code or not) with Python, perhaps using Sublime API, to search, replace, manipulate text and so on just like you would do in a Sublime plugin, but one-off, just like you'd do with Elisp in Emacs.

Your best bet is to use SublimeREPL, also available through Package Control. The ST2 console just runs the internal Python version 2.6, and you can't use any third-party modules. SublimeREPL runs any Python interpreter you have installed on your machine, and basically acts just like the command-line version. It utilizes the full syntax highlighting and completion capabilities of ST2, and allows you to transfer bits or whole files of code to the REPL.

Apple Python launcher is acting on command key bindings

I've written a Python utility that uses tkinter. I'm running it on a Macintosh. When it is executed, it runs within an apple-supplied Python launcher program (/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.2/Resources/Python.app).
My code installs its own menus and I bind to the usual Macintosh command-key equivalents for my edit menu (Command-x, command-c, command-x, command-a, command-z) and for quitting (command-q). My problem is that the Python launcher program is responding to the command key bindings. This is inconvenient for things like pasting because it gets done twice. It's a real problem with quitting because the launcher program kills my program before I can save changed files.
Is there some way I can stop the Python launcher program from acting on command key equivalents? I attempted this: "rootWindow.unbind ('<Command-Key-q>')", but to no avail. The launcher program quits before my code can clean up.
I'm using CPython 3.2 on OS X 10.6.6.

Instead of overriding Tkinter's default key bindings, consider re-mapping Tcl's "exit" command to a custom function. (This is called every time you hit command-q or use the "quit" menu item.)
def save_and_exit():
save_changed_files()
sys.exit()
self.createcommand('exit', save_and_exit)
Besides that, I would recommend removing your copy/paste custom keybinds and letting the library do the work for you. If you're still hell-bent on overriding the defaults, Effbot has a nice tutorial on Tkinter events and bindings.

Is there a specific reason why you are using Python.app for launching? This .app is most likely the reason for misbehaving shortcuts.
If I have understood correctly, this launcher is just a wrapper for default python (/usr/bin/python) with special imports.
If you run from terminal (-v is the key here):
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/5.1.1/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python -v
You will see what it imports at the beginning. Adding these lines to your main file should make the command line launching the same as with the .app.
Note also that python.app is in version 5.1.1.
br,
Juha

First off, /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.2/Resources/Python.app is not Apple-supplied. Most likely you installed Python 3.2 using one of the python.org installers here or from some third-party distributor or possibly you built a framework version from source. In any case, Python.app is a dummy application bundle included in each framework version. Its purpose is to ensure that when you invoke python, even from a command line, it is seen by OS X as a full-fledged GUI application. This is particularly important when using tkinter. The default menus and keybindings you see are supplied by Tcl/Tk, not tkinter. As you've discovered, the right way to go about changing these are to remap the default menus. Be aware that there are currently at least three major variants of Tk available on Mac OS X: Aqua Carbon Tk, Aqua Cocoa Tk, and X11 Tk. There are important details, especially with regards to Mac OS X 10.6, about Python and Tcl/Tk on Mac OS X at the python.org website.

Cleanest way to run/debug python programs in windows

Python for Windows by default comes with IDLE, which is the barest-bones IDE I've ever encountered. For editing files, I'll stick to emacs, thank you very much.
However, I want to run programs in some other shell than the crappy windows command prompt, which can't be widened to more than 80 characters.
IDLE lets me run programs in it if I open the file, then hit F5 (to go Run-> Run Module). I would rather like to just "run" the command, rather than going through the rigmarole of closing the emacs file, loading the IDLE file, etc. A scan of google and the IDLE docs doesn't seem to give much help about using IDLE's shell but not it's IDE.
Any advice from the stack overflow guys? Ideally I'd either like
advice on running programs using IDLE's shell
advice on other ways to run python programs in windows outside of IDLE or "cmd".
Thanks,
/YGA

For an interactive interpreter, nothing beats IPython. It's superb. It's also free and open source. On Windows, you'll want to install the readline library. Instructions for that are on the IPython installation documentation.
Winpdb is my Python debugger of choice. It's free, open source, and cross platform (using wxWidgets for the GUI). I wrote a tutorial on how to use Winpdb to help get people started on using graphical debuggers.

You can easily widen the Windows console by doing the following:
click the icon for the console window in the upper right
select Properties from the menu
click the Layout tab
change the Window Size > Width to 140
This can also be saved universally by changing the Defaults on the menu.

Year 2017-2022 Answer:
Try Visual Studio Code, it has great support for Python debugging, auto completion and more!
See this link for details:
https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/languages/python#_debugging

However, I want to run programs in
some other shell than the crappy
windows command prompt, which can't be
widened to more than 80 characters.
Click on the system box (top-left) in the command prompt and click properties. In the layout tab you can set the width and height of the window and the width and height of the screen buffer. I recommend setting the screen buffer height to 9999 so you can scroll back through a long output.

I use eclipse with pydev. Eclipse can be sluggish, but I've become attached to integrated svn/cvs, block indent/unindent and run as unittest features. (Also has F5 run)
If your comfortable in emacs though I don't see any reason to make such a major change.
I suggest instead that you replace your 'crappy command prompt' with powershell. It's not as crappy.
(As mentioned by Soviut and The Dark - you can increase the buffer width/window size to more than 80 by title-bar>right-click>Properties>Buffer Width/Window Size edit even in crappy cmd)

Wing IDE is awesome. They also have a free version.

If you ever graduate to vim, you can just run the following command to start the program you're currently editing in an interactive shell:
:!python -i my_script.py

I edit my Python programs in EditPlus. I've configured a user tool that allows me to run my program and have its output appear in a frame below my editor window. My configuration will even let you double click on an exception lines in the output to jump directly to the file and line where the error occurred. You can grab the user tool configuration I use from here on the EditPlus wiki.
Perhaps there is similar functionality you can configure that allows you to run your program and display its output in your Emacs editor!?

I replaced cmd with Cygwin and Poderosa. May be a little overkill though, if the only problem you have with cmd is that it's a pain to resize.
Although you use Emacs instead of Vim, so I guess you're into overkill... ;-)