I am trying to get a printed output which would be everything from the beginning of the string, to the end, which is until it reaches a certain series of characters like "TAA", "TAG", or "TGA".
I can't get it to work and was wondering if anyone here can help me??
def get_orf(dna):
'''Function should take an argument (string) and find an ORF'''
stopVar = "TAA" or "TGA" or "TAG"
if argument[0:3] == "ATG":
return
else:
return ""
if stopVar in argument:
return argument[:argument.find(stopVar)]
else:
return argument
return
# Test Cases
#
# You may wish to add more test cases here
argument = 'ATGTGAA'
computed_result = get_orf( argument )
expected_result = 'ATG'
if ( computed_result == expected_result ):
print ("Test Case 1: Passed")
else:
print ("Test Case 1: Failed")
print ("Expected Result:", expected_result)
print ("Computed Result:", computed_result)
This works although I am not sure whether you want to return something if the case 'ATG' is found, it is good practice that if one of your returns in a function returns something, then they all should even if it is None:
def get_orf(dna):
"""Function should take an argument (string) and find an ORF."""
stopVar = "TAA" or "TGA" or "TAG"
if dna[0:3] == "ATG":
return "ATG"
elif stopVar in dna:
return dna[:dna.find(stopVar)]
else:
return dna
# Test Cases
#
# You may wish to add more test cases here
argument = 'ATGTGAA'
computed_result = get_orf(argument)
expected_result = 'ATG'
if (computed_result == expected_result):
print ("Test Case 1: Passed")
else:
print ("Test Case 1: Failed")
print ("Expected Result:", expected_result)
print ("Computed Result:", computed_result)
With argument = 'ATGTGAA':
Test Case 1: Passed
With argument = 'GATGTGAA':
Test Case 1: Failed
Expected Result: ATG
Computed Result: GATGTGAA
The docstring for functions is with """Text.""" rather then single quotes too so I changed that.
Related
I am writing a program that has multiple functions to execute, and the user selects which one runs by inputting a number. I also want the user to be able to let the user cancel the request by typing "cancel".
Right now this is my code:
func = input("Requested Operation: ")
if func == 'Cancel' or func == 'cancel':
break
elif func == '' or func == ' ' or func == '0':
func = 0
elif type(int(func)) is int:
func = int(func)
else:
fail = True
Context: Function 0 displays a list of the available items to choose from, so I want whitespace or 0 to work as displaying the project list. If the user types "Cancel" or "cancel" it will end the program.
The problem I am having is line 6 (the 2nd elif). My goal is to set the fail variable to True if the user inputs a string that isn't a cancel command, so the code breaks right there and starts over. The problem is, how do I preemptively check if a string can be converted to an integer in the first place? My current iteration returns the error invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'asdg' (asdg being the random nonsense that should make fail = True).
Also, I understand this method is probably super inefficient. Essentially, I want the conditional to be "if func is cancel, break. If func is whitespace or '0', then it equals 0. If func is some non-0 integer, convert the string to an integer and continue. Otherwise, set fail to True and break."
My knowledge of python is minimal so I would very much appreciate a full explanation or link to documentation so I can learn as much as possible.
Thanks in advance :)
Edit: This is the entire module
import projects.dice_app as dice_app
import projects.text_to_math as text_to_math
def main():
f = open("readme_files/index.txt")
p = open("readme_files/projects.txt")
print(f.read())
func = 0
while True:
fail = False
func = input("Requested Operation: ")
if func == 'Cancel' or func == 'cancel':
break
elif func == '' or func == ' ' or func == '0':
func = 0
elif type(int(func)) is int:
func = int(func)
else:
fail = True
break
if func == 0:
p = open("readme_files/projects.txt")
print(p.read())
elif func == 1:
dice_app.dice_func()
elif func == 2:
text_to_math.ttm_func()
else:
print("Invalid operation. Please try again.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
fail = False
main()
while fail == True:
main()
elif func.isnumeric():
func = int(func)
try :
func = int(func)
except ValueError:
print('not a number')
This should work
I am implementing the scenario in which i have multiple if,elif,else loops.My problem is when the condition met ,its coming out of the program and exits the program .
Expected Behavior - After successful completion it should not exit but rather again show me the options to select .Only after pressing something like cntrl+c it should exit out the program.
class Manager:
def __init__(self):
self.not_useful_tests = []
self.sdsf
def sdsf(self):
try:
input = raw_input()
if input == 'x':
self.not_useful_tests.append(0)
else:
if input == 1:
verify = self.ABC()
return verify
if input == 2:
verify = self.xyz()
return verify
if input == 3:
verify = self.hyg()
return verify
if input == 4:
verify = self.fgh()
return verify
if input == 5:
verify = self.qwe()
return verify
except KeyboardInterrupt as e:
print "Exception caught : " + str(e)
return None
How to achieve this beahvior ? What to add in the code so as to achieve the task ?
To repeat something while some condition is true, use a while loop:
while True:
input = raw_input()
if input == 1:
return 'some value'
if input == 2:
return 'some other value'
If you don't want to return a function result, but rather want to continue execution outside of the loop, i.e. 'break out of the loop' use break:
while True:
input = raw_input()
if input == 1
print('doing something')
break
if input == 2
print('doing something else')
break
print('Continuing here')
And if that's what you want, you can also set a condition to end the loop like this:
result = None
while result is None:
input = raw_input()
if input == 1:
result = 'x'
if input == 2:
result = 'y'
print('will continue here if result has a value')
I keep getting a list index out of range exception when I check the length of the list a. The error pops up for either the if or elif part of the second if statement, depending on what the user inputs. I know that when the user input is split the list is created correctly because I print it out... So I'm a little lost about why I'm getting that error.
if __name__ == '__main__':
for line in sys.stdin:
s = line.strip()
if not s: break
if (str(s) is "quit") == True: quit()
elif (str(s) is "quit") == False:
a = s.split()
print(a)
if (len(a) == 2) == True: first(a)
elif (len(a) == 3) == True: first(a)
else: print("Invalid Input. Please Re-enter.")
The first method is: (The methods it calls in the if statement just print things out at the moment)
def first(self, a = list()):
word = a[0]
if word is ls:
ls(a[1])
elif word is format:
form(a[1]) # EDIT: was format
elif word is reconnect:
reconnect(a[1])
elif word is mkfile:
mkfile(a[1])
elif word is mkdir:
mkdir(a[1])
elif word is append:
append(a[1], a[2])
elif word is delfile:
delfile(a[1])
elif word is deldir:
deldir(a[1])
else:
print("Invalid Prompt. Please Re-enter.")
Other methods:
def reconnect(one = ""):
print("Reconnect")
def ls(one = ""):
print("list")
def mkfile(one = ""):
print("make file")
def mkdir(one = ""):
print("make drive")
def append(one = "", two = ""):
print("append")
def form(one = ""):
print("format")
def delfile(one = ""):
print("delete file")
def deldir(one = ""):
print("delete directory")
def quit():
print("quit")
sys.exit(0)
The problem seems to be the definition of first(). You invoke it as a function:
if (len(a) == 2) == True: first(a)
elif (len(a) == 3) == True: first(a)
But you define it as a method:
def first(self, a = list()):
The array of command and argument gets put into self and a is always an empty list which you attempt to index and fail. Also, you shouldn't use a mutable type like list() as a default value unless you're certain what you are doing. I suggest simply:
def first(a):
As far as your __main__ code goes, simplify:
if __name__ == '__main__':
for line in sys.stdin:
string = line.strip()
if not string:
break
if string == "quit":
quit()
tokens = string.split()
length = len(tokens)
if 2 <= length <= 3:
first(tokens)
else:
print("Invalid Input. Please Re-enter.")
Real issue:
To solve your error you have to remove the self parameter of the first function
def first(a=list())
Basically the self is only used for object orientation creating methods.
Function like yours can't use self otherwise you will passing the first parameter to self not to a which you want to.
My second issue I can point out is that, You are trying to compare using is between a string and a function.
def first(a = list()):
word = a[0]
if word is "ls":
ls(a[1])
elif word is "format":
format(a[1])
elif word is "reconnect":
reconnect(a[1])
elif word is "mkfile":
mkfile(a[1])
elif word is "mkdir":
mkdir(a[1])
elif word is "append":
append(a[1], a[2])
elif word is "delfile":
delfile(a[1])
elif word is "deldir":
deldir(a[1])
else:
print("Invalid Prompt. Please Re-enter.")
Extra
The is function on built in operations in Python. is compare the equity of the objects.
But this expression:
if (str(s) is "quit") == True:
Can be simpler like:
if str(s) == "quit":
Or:
if str(s) is "quit":
The == True is meaningless either == False you can use not more pythonicly.
def specificChecker(someThing, checker):
if checker == None:
return someThing
elif checker == True:
return not someThing
else:
return None
def whatDoesTheCheckerSay(someThing):
if specificChecker(someThing) == someThing:
return 'The checker value was False on that one.'
elif specificChecker(someThing) == not someThing:
return 'The checker value was True on that one.'
elif specificChecker(someThing) == None:
return 'Something irregular happend. The checker value wasn\'t None or True.'
else:
return 'Something went really wrong. This doesn\'t even not work.'
reallySomeThing = input('Type in really some thing: ')
theChecker = input('Set the checker to something: ')
print(specificChecker(reallySomeThing, theChecker))
print(whatDoesTheCheckerSay(reallySomeThing)) # This can be made more efficient, right?
def one(someShit):
return someShit + ' AWWW YEAH!'
def two(someShit):
return one(someShit)
print(two(input('Type in some kind of stuff: ')))
I'm a self-taught beginner, so surely it's something awkwardly basic. I'm using the IDLE shell and have repeatedly gotten a syntax error at the second definition statement of my codes. Please help?
You cannot use the line:
elif specificChecker(someThing) == not someThing:
This must be written
elif specificChecker(someThing) != someThing:
to be valid Python.
This is also valid but is perhaps less readable:
elif (specificChecker(someThing)) == (not someThing):
After OP edit:
The new error is the mismatch in arguments (always 1) to a function that requires 2 arguments. You have to pass two arguments to specificChecker not one
Line 12: elif specificChecker(someThing) == not someThing:
If you want to check if some variable is not some variable, used is not for boolean or != for values and strings
I got an error. I did quick googling and it did not help me well.
I added the whole code, well kind of whole code. request from a user.
from derp_node import *
##############################################################################
# parse
##############################################################################
def parse(tokens, i = 0):
"""parse: tuple(String) * int -> (Node, int)
From an infix stream of tokens, and the current index into the
token stream, construct and return the tree, as a collection of Nodes,
that represent the expression.
NOTE: YOU ARE NOT ALLOWED TO MUTATE 'tokens' (e.g. pop())!!! YOU
MUST USE 'i' TO GET THE CURRENT TOKEN OUT OF 'tokens'
"""
if tokens == []:
raise TypeError("Error: Empty List.")
elif tokens[int(i)] == '*':
tokens.remove(int(i))
return mkMultiplyNode(parse(tokens), parse(tokens))
elif tokens[int(i)] == '//':
tokens.remove(int(i))
return mkDivideNode(parse(tokens), parse(tokens))
elif tokens[int(i)] == '+':
tokens.remove(int(i))
return mkAddNode(parse(tokens), parse(tokens))
elif tokens[int(i)] == '-':
tokens.remove(int(i))
return mkSubtractNode(parse(tokens), parse(tokens))
elif tokens[int(i)].isdigit():
return mkLiteralNode(tokens.remove(int(i)))
elif not tokens[int(i)].isdigit():
return mkVariableNode(tokens.remove(int(i)))
else:
raise TypeError("Error: Invalid Input")
##############################################################################
# main
##############################################################################
def main():
"""main: None -> None
The main program prompts for the symbol table file, and a prefix
expression. It produces the infix expression, and the integer result of
evaluating the expression"""
print("Hello Herp, welcome to Derp v1.0 :)")
inFile = input("Herp, enter symbol table file: ")
symTbl = {}
for line in open(inFile):
i = line.split()
symTbl[i[0]] = int(i[1])
print("Derping the symbol table (variable name => integer value)...")
for variable in sorted(symTbl):
print(variable + " => " + str(symTbl[variable]))
# STUDENT: CONSTRUCT AND DISPLAY THE SYMBOL TABLE HERE
print("Herp, enter prefix expressions, e.g.: + 10 20 (RETURN to quit)...")
# input loop prompts for prefix expressions and produces infix version
# along with its evaluation
while True:
prefixExp = input("derp> ")
if prefixExp == "":
break
# STUDENT: GENERATE A LIST OF TOKENS FROM THE PREFIX EXPRESSION
prefixLst = prefixExp.split()
# STUDENT: CALL parse WITH THE LIST OF TOKENS AND SAVE THE ROOT OF
# THE PARSE TREE.
tokens = []
parseLst = parse(prefixLst, tokens)
# STUDENT: GENERATE THE INFIX EXPRESSION BY CALLING infix AND SAVING
# THE STRING
infixLst = infix(parseLst)
print("Derping the infix expression:")
# STUDENT: EVALUTE THE PARSE TREE BY CALLING evaluate AND SAVING THE
# INTEGER RESULT
print("Derping the evaluation:")
print("Goodbye Herp :(")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
The error I received is:
File "derpNew.py", line 31, in parse
if tokens[int(i)] == '*':
TypeError: int() argument must be a string or a number, not 'list'
If I remove the int() from the variable i, then I would get this error: TypeError: list indices must be integers, not list
Am I suppose to convert the list to tuple? Any help would be great. Thank you.
If you guys are curious how I am calling the parse. I put this under main function.
tokens = []
parseLst = parse(tokens, i)
EDIT:
The loop:
while True:
prefixExp = input("derp> ")
if prefixExp == "":
break
prefixLst = prefixExp.split()
tokens = []
parseLst = parse(tokens, i)
parseLst = parse(tokens, i) - this line doesn't make sense unless you define i. If you want to pass default i=0, then just leave it out: parseLst = parse(tokens).
EDIT: After the whole code has been pasted, there is some (apparently irrelevant) i defined before, which is why there was no NameError.
The passed variable i is a list, that's why the errors! Would need more info on the arguments being passed to help you more!
List indices work like this
>>> my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> for index in range(5):
... print my_list[i]
1
2
3
4
5
>>> my_list[3]
4
What are you passing to the method parse(...) as second parameter? If it's a list, it shouldn't. You may want to change the value you are passing to parse.
You may also want to check if tokens is an empty list, before the other ifs, or it will cause another error.
if tokens == []:
raise TypeError("Error: Empty List.")
elif tokens[int(i)] == '*':
tokens.remove(int(i))
return mkMultiplyNode(parse(tokens), parse(tokens))
return mkSubtractNode(parse(tokens), parse(tokens))
elif tokens[int(i)].isdigit():
return mkLiteralNode(tokens.remove(int(i)))
elif not tokens[int(i)].isdigit():
return mkVariableNode(tokens.remove(int(i)))
else:
raise TypeError("Error: Invalid Input")