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How can I overwrite a text after it's printed a few lines before?

I want to make a task/time manager. I want the list of tasks to be at the top and a question to add a new task if the user wants, but the problem is that I can't keep my to-do list in the top and I can't make it updated. What should I do?
This is my code, this is the form I want and the code I've written:
TASKS:(I want this to be updated)
1)--------
2)----------
3)----------
|
v
do you want to add a task(YES/NO):
when do you want to start the task (HOUR:MINUTE):
task_num = 0
k = False
print("YOUR TASKS")
if k == True:
print("\r", tasks)
print("tasks" + ":" + str(task_num), "\n\n")
active = True
while active:
add_task = input("do you want to add a task(YES/NO):",)
if add_task != 'YES':
active = False
else:
k = True
start_time = input("when do you want to start the task (HOUR:MINUTE):")
end_time = input("when do you want to complete it:")
task_name = input("what do you want to call it:")
start_h, start_m = start_time.split(":")
end_h, end_m = end_time.split(":")
duration = str(abs(int(end_h) - int(start_h))) + ":" + str(abs(int(end_m) - int(start_m)))
task = {"task name": task_name, "start time": start_time, "end time": end_time, "duration": duration}
task_num += 1
tasks[task_num] = task
for key in tasks.keys():
task_key = tasks[key]
print(key,end=")")
for key1 in task_key.keys():
print(key1, ":", task_key[key1], end='|',)
print('\n')

On POSIX systems clear -x command works like a charm. It preserves the current scroll buffer and produces almost zero flickering. Combine that with hiding the cursor, ah it is marvelous.
import sys
import subprocess
try:
sys.stdout.write('\033[?25l') # hide cursor
subprocess.run(['clear', '-x'])
finally:
sys.stdout.write('\033[?25h') # show cursor
sys.stdout.flush()
On Windows, on the other hand, you'll probably need colorama package installed and initialized.See https://github.com/tartley/colorama
On Windows cmd:
import sys
import shutil
height = shutil.get_terminal_size().lines
h = height * '\n'
# move cursor down and up.
sys.stdout.write(f'{h}\033[{height}A')
sys.stdout.flush()
On Windows Terminal and other modern terminal emulators:
import sys
import shutil
height = shutil.get_terminal_size().lines
# clear the screen with the ANSI sequence.
sys.stdout.write((height - 1) * '\n' + '\033[2J')
sys.stdout.flush()
Play with them and see what works for you.

Run Script as parallel Subprocess

i'm pretty new to python, so my knowledge is quiet basic. (i'm a system engineer)
i have a raspberry pi, an led strip and a python script to simulate a fire on the led strip :D
now i want to start the script by pressing my flic button. i found the fliclib sdk on github and installed it. my problem is now, how to handle the event correctly. i successfully can start the script, but i'd like to stop it by doublepress the flic button. but it seems like i'm stuck in the fire.py script as soon as i press the button once. can anybody help me how to set this up correctly please? :-)
Edit after suggestion:
i just edited my scripts as the following. i can see when the button is pressed once or twice with this output:
Starting Fire
Stopping Fire
but the led wont turn on, seems like, fire.py isn't opened or something like that.. when i set button=1 in fire.py itself, the fire turns on.
main.py
#!/usr/bin/env /usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import flicbutton
import fire
button = 0
flicbutton.py
#!/usr/bin/env /usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import fliclib
client = fliclib.FlicClient("localhost")
MyButton1 = '80:e4:da:71:83:42' #turquoise flic button
def got_button(bd_addr):
cc = fliclib.ButtonConnectionChannel(bd_addr)
cc.on_button_single_or_double_click_or_hold = some_handler
cc.on_connection_status_changed = \
lambda channel, connection_status, disconnect_reason: \
print(channel.bd_addr + " " + str(connection_status) + (" " + str(disconnect_reason) if connection_status == fliclib.ConnectionStatus.Disconnected else ""))
client.add_connection_channel(cc)
def got_info(items):
print(items)
for bd_addr in items["bd_addr_of_verified_buttons"]:
got_button(bd_addr)
def some_handler(channel, click_type, was_queued, time_diff):
if channel.bd_addr == MyButton1:
try:
if click_type == fliclib.ClickType.ButtonSingleClick:
print("Starting Fire")
button=1
if click_type == fliclib.ClickType.ButtonDoubleClick:
print("Stopping Fire")
button=2
if click_type == fliclib.ClickType.ButtonHold:
print("ButtonHold has not been assigned an action")
except Exception:
import datetime
print('An error occured: {:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S}'.format(datetime.datetime.now()))
client.get_info(got_info)
client.on_new_verified_button = got_button
client.handle_events()
fire.py
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import threading
import time
import random
import math
R = 17
G = 22
pwms = []
intensity = 1.0
def initialize_gpio():
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setup([17,22], GPIO.OUT)
def red_light():
p = GPIO.PWM(R, 300)
p.start(100)
pwms.append(p)
while True:
p.ChangeDutyCycle(min(random.randint(50, 100) * math.pow(intensity + 0.1, 0.75), 100) if intensity > 0 else 0)
rand_flicker_sleep()
def green_light():
global green_dc
p = GPIO.PWM(G, 300)
p.start(0)
pwms.append(p)
while True:
p.ChangeDutyCycle(random.randint(5, 10) * math.pow(intensity, 2) if intensity > 0 else 0)
rand_flicker_sleep()
def rand_flicker_sleep():
time.sleep(random.randint(3,10) / 100.0)
def fan_the_flame(_):
global intensity
intensity = min(intensity + 0.25, 1.0)
def light_candle():
threads = [
threading.Thread(target=red_light),
threading.Thread(target=green_light),
## threading.Thread(target=burning_down)
]
for t in threads:
t.daemon = True
t.start()
for t in threads:
t.join()
def startfire():
try:
initialize_gpio()
print("\nPress ^C (control-C) to exit the program.\n")
light_candle()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
finally:
for p in pwms:
p.stop()
def stopfire():
GPIO.cleanup()
#if __name__ == '__main__':
# main()
if button == 1:
startfire()
if button == 2:
stopfire()

Have a common (global variable) that both codes can read, you can put this in a standalone file that both codes can access. So script 1 updates this variable like
if(single press): variable=1
elif(double press): variable=2
then in fire.py you can poll the variable.
if(varaible==1): start/stop fire
elif(variable==2): stop/start fire
else: #throw error
I'm sure there are more efficient ways to do this, but this method should be the easiest to understand.

How To Read File Input In pySimpleGUI Then Pass It On To A Number-Crunching Processor

I would like to take input from pySimpleGUI, feed it into a normal Python var, then feed it into a music processor as I love music.
I had already tried to use wxPython for this but was unable to even get a simple fileDialog without crashing.
from pydub import AudioSegment
from os import listdir
import numpy as np
import math
import PySimpleGUI as sg
class Dankify():
song_dir = "songs"
attenuate_db = 0
accentuate_db = 2
yeet = sg.Window('Dankify ALL THE THINGS!'). Layout([[sg.Text('Filename')], [sg.Input(), sg.FileBrowse()], [sg.OK(), sg.Cancel()] ]).Read()
event, values = yeet.Read()
yeet1 = event, values
def bass_line_freq(track):
sample_track = list(track)
# c-value
est_mean = np.mean(sample_track)
# a-value
est_std = 3 * np.std(sample_track) / (math.sqrt(2))
bass_factor = int(round((est_std - est_mean) * 0.005))
return bass_factor
songfile = yeet1
for filename in listdir(songfile):
sample = AudioSegment.from_mp3(songfile)
filtered = sample.low_pass_filter(bass_line_freq(sample.get_array_of_samples()))
combined = (sample - attenuate_db).overlay(filtered + accentuate_db)
combined.export("exports/" + filename.replace(".mp3", "") + "-export.mp3", format="mp3")
However, it just does nothing, not even processing it. A reminder that I am using some open-source code and that I'm a beginner which knows nothing about how all this works and am trying to build real stuff to gain experience. Thanks!

I guess you are missing the "event loop".
Try something like this, hope it helps.
import sys
if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
import PySimpleGUI as sg
else:
import PySimpleGUI27 as sg
layout = [[sg.Text('Your typed chars appear here:'), sg.Text('', key='_OUTPUT_') ],
[sg.Input(do_not_clear=True, key='_IN_')],
[sg.Button('Show'), sg.Button('Exit')]]
window = sg.Window('Window Title').Layout(layout)
while True: # Event Loop
event, values = window.Read()
print(event, values)
if event is None or event == 'Exit':
break
if event == 'Show':
# change the "output" element to be the value of "input" element
window.FindElement('_OUTPUT_').Update(values['_IN_'])
window.Close()

You're doing 2 Read calls.
Try changing to this:
yeet = sg.Window('Dankify ALL THE THINGS!').Layout(
[[sg.Text('Filename')], [sg.Input(), sg.FileBrowse()], [sg.OK(), sg.Cancel()]])
event, values = yeet.Read()
Without the Read on the end of the first statement.
You are instantiating this class, right?
d = Dankify()

Python Memory leak in pyautogui, unsure the cause

I have a memory leak in my pyautogui script I made. I have no idea where it's coming from or what might be causing it.
The script is made to perfectly press space for a skill check in a game. So it just checks for when a pixel (out of an array) turns white and then changes color indicating the skill check bar has passed over it.
I don't feel like I'm doing anything unusual here that would cause a memory leak, it wouldn't be on the pyautogui side would it?
import pyautogui as auto
import keyboard
import random
import time
import random
circleLocations = [(1023, 522), (1025, 527), (1025, 537), (1024, 548), (1022, 560), (1018, 568)]
def delay(value1 = 0.05, value2 = 0.2):
return random.uniform(value1,value2)
def perfectSpacePress(x, y):
while auto.pixelMatchesColor(x, y, (255,255,255)):
print("waiting")
time.sleep(delay(0.1,0.15 ))
auto.press(' ')
print("PressedCircleSpace")
def checkCircle():
for location in circleLocations:
if auto.pixelMatchesColor(location[0], location[1], (255,255,255)):
perfectSpacePress(location[0], location[1])
try:
while True:
checkCircle()
time.sleep(0.1)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print('\nDone.')

How to play a sound when a value increases by 1 between loops? What does the code look like that identifies the increment by 1?

I have designed and created a program using Python 3 that reads unread messages in my Gmail inbox under two labels.
By using tkinter I have two lovely boxes that display the total messages in each label. One for sales of one particular product and the other for another.
They use the update loop to recheck each label every few seconds.
Then after the business day, I use a cleanup script in Gmail that flushes the inboxes two labels.
The program is for use on my team's sales floor. They can see daily, the number of sales, and get a real-time readout to the success of certain marketing campaigns. It has done wonders for morale.
Now I would like to implement some sounds when sales go up. A cliche bell ring, a "chhaaaching" perhaps, you get the drift.
So, I am currently tackling with my limited knowledge and have searched all throughout StackOverflow and other sites for an answer. My guess is that I need something like the following...
"if an integer value changes on the next loop from it's previous value, by an increment of 1 play soundA, or, play soundB if that value decreases by 1."
I can't for the life of me figure out what would be the term for 'increases by 1', I am also clueless on how to attach a sound to any changes made to the integer on the proceeding loop. Help!!
If I wasn't clear enough, I am more than happy to explain and go into this further.
Thank you so much guys.
Here is my code as it stands so far...
#! /usr/bin/python3
import imaplib
import email
import tkinter as tk
WIDTH = 1000
HEIGHT = 100
def update():
mail=imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('imap.gmail.com',993)
mail.login('email#gmail.com','MyPassword')
mail.select("Submissions")
typ, messageIDs = mail.search(None, "UNSEEN")
FirstDataSetSUBS = str(messageIDs[0], encoding='utf8')
if FirstDataSetSUBS == '':
info1['text'] = 'no submissions'
else:
SecondDataSetSUBS = FirstDataSetSUBS.split(" ")
nosubs = len(SecondDataSetSUBS)
nosubs = int(nosubs)
info1['text'] = '{} submission[s]'.format(nosubs)
subs.after(1000, update)
def update_2():
mail=imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('imap.gmail.com',993)
mail.login('email#gmail.com','MyPassword')
mail.select("Memberships")
typ, messageIDs = mail.search(None, "UNSEEN")
FirstDataSetMSGS = str(messageIDs[0], encoding='utf8')
if FirstDataSetMSGS == '':
info2['text'] = 'no memberships'
else:
SecondDataSetMSGS = FirstDataSetMSGS.split(" ")
memberships = len(SecondDataSetMSGS)
memberships = int(memberships)
info2['text'] = '{} membership[s]'.format(memberships)
membs.after(1000, update_2)
membs = tk.Tk()
subs = tk.Tk()
membs.title('memberships counter')
membs.configure(background="black")
subs.title('submissions counter')
subs.configure(background="black")
x = (subs.winfo_screenwidth()//5) - (WIDTH//5)
y = (subs.winfo_screenheight()//5) - (HEIGHT//5)
subs.geometry('{}x{}+{}+{}'.format(WIDTH, HEIGHT, x, y))
info1 = tk.Label(subs, text='nothing to display', bg="black", fg="green", font="Lucida_Console 40")
info1.pack()
x = (membs.winfo_screenwidth()//2) - (WIDTH//2)
y = (membs.winfo_screenheight()//2) - (HEIGHT//2)
membs.geometry('{}x{}+{}+{}'.format(WIDTH, HEIGHT, x, y))
info2 = tk.Label(membs, text='nothing to display', bg="black", fg="red", font="Lucida_Console 40")
info2.pack()
update()
update_2()
membs.mainloop
subs.mainloop()

for playing audio you can use pyaudio module
in ubuntu, install by pip3 install pyaudio include sudo if required
import pygame
pygame.init()
increased=0
inc_music=pygame.mixer.music
dec_music=pygame.mixer.music
inc_music.load("/home/pratik/Documents/pos.wav")
dec_music.load("/home/pratik/Documents/neg.wav")
def get_inc():
global increased
a=increased
return a
def pl():
global inc_music
global dec_music
while True:
increased=get_inc()
if increased == 1:
inc_music.play()
increased=increased-1
elif increased == -1:
dec_music.play()
increased=increased+1
here increased is a global variable. Make sure whenever your sales is increased it is set to +1 and whenever it is decreased it is set to -1 and call pl function in a separate thread by using threading library in the background. Since, it is a forever loop it will continuosly run in background and ring the bells.
from threading import Thread
th=Thread(target=pl)
th.setDaemon(True)
th.start()
While writing the above I assumed at a moment there is either an increase or a decrease in sales, both dont occour simultaneously. If they do, use another global variable decreased which is also initialised with 0 and decreased by -1 each time decrease in sales. And return both of them from get_inc() .

Below code produces a label that gets updated randomly, and plays the sound files located in "C:\Windows\Media\" based on the change:
import tkinter as tk
import random
from playsound import playsound
def sound(is_positive=True):
if is_positive:
playsound(r"C:\Windows\Media\chimes.wav", False)
else:
playsound(r"C:\Windows\Media\chord.wav", False)
def random_update():
_old = label['text']
_new = random.randint(1, 100)
if _new > _old: # use (_new - _old) == 1 for checking
sound() # increment of 1 exclusively
elif _new < _old: # use (_new - _old) == -1 for checking
sound(False) # decrement of 1 exclusively
label['text'] = _new
label.after(2000, random_update)
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = tk.Tk()
label = tk.Label(root, text=1)
label.after(2000, random_update)
label.pack()
root.mainloop()
playsound is not a built-in package so it needs to be installed separately. You can install using:
pip install playsound
or:
python -m pip install playsound
in the command prompt on windows.