Equality of dynamically changing variable counts - python

I am a newbie in Python so I made a code that checks multiple long numbers and finds which digits of the numbers are common.
print('Counts:')
count = int(input())
print('Lengths:')
nm_len = int(input())
numbers = []
print('Input numbers:')
numbers = [int(input()) for i in range(count)]
print('Numbers stored!')
print(numbers)
for n in range(count):
globals()['nm%s' % n] = [int(d) for d in str(numbers[n])]
print('Same numbers:')
for j in range(nm_len):
if nm0[j] == nm1[j] == nm2[j]:
print(j+1,'. number is same')
The program just works fine except for the last part which is the equality checking. With this code, it works if you input 3 for the counts at the first step but does not work if you but more or less than 3.
Is there any way to make the last if equality work dynamically? I mean if I input for example 5 for the counts at the first step, then the program will know it and makes the if just like nm0[j] == nm1[j] == nm2[j] == nm3[j] == nm4[j].

Perhaps you can start here. It seems silly to ask for the number of digits, especially if you don't enforce that. We just keep everything as a list. Very general purpose.
count = int(input("How many: "))
print('Input numbers:')
numbers = [int(input()) for _ in range(count)]
print('Numbers stored!')
print(numbers)
nm = [str(n) for n in numbers]
print('Same digits:')
for i,x in enumerate(zip(*nm)):
if all(x[0] == j for j in x):
print('Digit', i+1,'is the same')
Don't use globals(). Except in very specialized circumstances, it is never the right answer.

Related

Whats the better way of doing this

I've only been coding in python for a month and I tried making something that searches for duplicates in a user made list...
List = []
count = 0
Val = 0
usernum = int(input("How many numbers are in your list: "))
for i in range(0, usernum):
values = int(input("What is the number on the list: "))
List.append(values)
for i in range(0, len(List)):
if List[i] == List[Val]:
print("There are duplicates")
count += 1
if count == len(List):
Val += 1
continue
Your code does not work for various reasons:
You're missing your main variable: the list. Add it like this
List = []
BTW: List with a capital L is not an awesome choice, but still a much better choice than list with a lower case L which could cause all kinds of problems.
With that added, enter 1 and 1 and you'll find that even for a single number it will print "There are duplicates". That is because you compare
List[i] == List[Val]
where both i and Val are 0. The item compares against itself. That must no be the case.
All the if-logic is weird. It's unclear to me what you wanted to achieve. A common approach would be a nested loop in order to compare each item against each following item. Note how j starts at i+1
for i in range(0, len(List)):
for j in range(i+1, len(List)):
if List[i] == List[j]:
print("There are duplicates")
An even better approach would be to not implement that yourself at all but use other techniques like
if len(set(List)) < len(List):
print("There are duplicates")
where set() will give you the unique numbers only. If numbers have been removed because they were not unique (aka. duplicate), that set will have less numbers than the list.

Python: Find Prime Number Algorithm

Recently I was given a challenge to my coding skills by my teacher since he saw that I was already knowledgeable in what he was teaching. The question is as follows.
Create a program that prompts the user for 2 numbers. The program will then display all the prime numbers in between the two given numbers, including the given numbers. Note: You cannot assume the first input is bigger than the second input.
So I took this question and built a fairly simple algorithm and ran it and it worked. I opened it today to find out for some reason my output is occasionally wrong, for example when you input 8 and 29 I get 27. I am looking for HINTS as to what is wrong with my logic because I cannot for the life of me figure out what Im doing wrong. I dont want straight up fixes because I would like to learn as much from this and doing it as much as possible by myself.
numbers = [int(input("First Number")), int(input("Second Number"))]
numbers.sort()
numList = []
#Removing Even Numbers
for num in range(numbers[0],numbers[1] + 1):
if num % 2 != 0:
numList.append(num)
#Checking For Prime Numbers
for currNum in numList:
#Set Start number to divide
i = 2
while i < currNum:
#Checks if the currNum can be divisble by i and is a whole number
if currNum % i != 0:
i = i + 1
else :
numList.remove(currNum)
break
print(numList)
From what I have learned from testing this out it seems like 27 is never checked during my for loop or while loop even though it is in the numList array.
Never remove items form a list you are iterating over.
Instead create a new list:
numbers = [int(input("First Number")), int(input("Second Number"))]
numbers.sort()
primes = []
for num in range(numbers[0], numbers[1] + 1):
#Set Start number to divide
i = 2
while i < num:
#Checks if the currNum can be divisble by i and is a whole number
if num % i == 0:
break
i += 1
else:
primes.append(num)
print(primes)

How can I display all numbers in range 0-N that are "super numbers"

The program asks the user for a number N.
The program is supposed to displays all numbers in range 0-N that are "super numbers".
Super number: is a number such that the sum of the factorials of its
digits equals the number.
Examples:
12 != 1! + 2! = 1 + 2 = 3 (it's not super)
145 = 1! + 4! + 5! = 1 + 24 + 120 (is super)
The part I seem to be stuck at is when the program displays all numbers in range 0-N that are "super numbers". I have concluded I need a loop in order to solve this, but I do not know how to go about it. So, for example, the program is supposed to read all the numbers from 0-50 and whenever the number is super it displays it. So it only displays 1 and 2 since they are considered super
enter integer: 50
2 is super
1 is super
I have written two functions; the first is a regular factorial program, and the second is a program that sums the factorials of the digits:
number = int(input ("enter integer: "))
def factorial (n):
result = 1
i = n * (n-1)
while n >= 1:
result = result * n
n = n-1
return result
#print(factorial(number))
def breakdown (n):
breakdown_num = 0
remainder = 0
if n < 10:
breakdown_num += factorial(n)
return breakdown_num
else:
while n > 10:
digit = n % 10
remainder = n // 10
breakdown_num += factorial(digit)
#print (str(digit))
#print(str(breakdown_num))
n = remainder
if n < 10 :
#print (str(remainder))
breakdown_num += factorial(remainder)
#print (str(breakdown_num))
return breakdown_num
#print(breakdown(number))
if (breakdown(number)) == number:
print(str(number)+ " is super")
Existing answers already show how to do the final loop to tie your functions together. Alternatively, you can also make use of more builtin functions and libraries, like sum, or math.factorial, and for getting the digits, you can just iterate the characters in the number's string representation.
This way, the problem can be solved in a single line of code (though it might be better to move the is-super check to a separate function).
def issuper(n):
return sum(math.factorial(int(d)) for d in str(n)) == n
N = 1000
res = [n for n in range(1, N+1) if issuper(n)]
# [1, 2, 145]
First I would slightly change how main code is executed, by moving main parts to if __name__ == '__main__', which will execute after running this .py as main file:
if __name__ == '__main__':
number = int(input ("enter integer: "))
if (breakdown(number)) == number:
print(str(number)+ " is super")
After that it seems much clearer what you should do to loop over numbers, so instead of above it would be:
if __name__ == '__main__':
number = int(input ("enter integer: "))
for i in range(number+1):
if (breakdown(i)) == i:
print(str(i)+ " is super")
Example input and output:
enter integer: 500
1 is super
2 is super
145 is super
Small advice - you don't need to call str() in print() - int will be shown the same way anyway.
I haven't done much Python in a long time but I tried my own attempt at solving this problem which I think is more readable. For what it's worth, I'm assuming when you say "displays all numbers in range 0-N" it's an exclusive upper-bound, but it's easy to make it an inclusive upper-bound if I'm wrong.
import math
def digits(n):
return (int(d) for d in str(n))
def is_super(n):
return sum(math.factorial(d) for d in digits(n)) == n
def supers_in_range(n):
return (x for x in range(n) if is_super(x))
print(list(supers_in_range(150))) # [1, 2, 145]
I would create a lookup function that tells you the factorial of a single digit number. Reason being - for 888888 you would recompute the factorial of 8 6 times - looking them up in a dict is much faster.
Add a second function that checks if a number isSuper() and then print all that are super:
# Lookup table for single digit "strings" as well as digit - no need to use a recursing
# computation for every single digit all the time - just precompute them:
faks = {0:1}
for i in range(10):
faks.setdefault(i,faks.get(i-1,1)*i) # add the "integer" digit as key
faks.setdefault(str(i), faks [i]) # add the "string" key as well
def fakN(n):
"""Returns the faktorial of a single digit number"""
if n in faks:
return faks[n]
raise ValueError("Not a single digit number")
def isSuper(number):
"Checks if the sum of each digits faktorial is the same as the whole number"
return sum(fakN(n) for n in str(number)) == number
for k in range(1000):
if isSuper(k):
print(k)
Output:
1
2
145
Use range.
for i in range(number): # This iterates over [0, N)
if (breakdown(number)) == number:
print(str(number)+ " is super")
If you want to include number N as well, write as range(number + 1).
Not quite sure about what you are asking for. From the two functions you write, it seems you have solid knowledge about Python programming. But from your question, you don't even know how to write a simple loop.
By only answering your question, what you need in your main function is:
for i in range(0,number+1):
if (breakdown(i)) == i:
print(str(i)+ " is super")
import math
def get(n):
for i in range(n):
l1 = list(str(i))
v = 0
for j in l1:
v += math.factorial(int(j))
if v == i:
print(i)
This will print all the super numbers under n.
>>> get(400000)
1
2
145
40585
I dont know how efficient the code is but it does produce the desired result :
def facto():
minr=int(input('enter the minimum range :')) #asking minimum range
maxr=int(input('enter the range maximum range :')) #asking maximum range
i=minr
while i <= maxr :
l2=[]
k=str(i)
k=list(k) #if i=[1,4,5]
for n in k: #taking each element
fact=1
while int(n) > 0: #finding factorial of each element
n=int(n)
fact=fact*n
n=n-1
l2.append(fact) #keeping factorial of each element eg : [1,24,120]
total=sum(l2) # taking the sum of l2 list eg 1+24+120 = 145
if total==i: #checking if sum is equal to the present value of i.145=145
print(total) # if sum = present value of i than print the number
i=int(i)
i=i+1
facto()
input : minr =0 , maxr=99999
output :
1
2
145
40585

Find prime numbers less than or equal to the number the user has entered with loops. How do I do that?

With this code, I only get to test if the number the user entered is prime or not.
How do I add another loop to my original code in order to find all the prime numbers less than or equal to the number the user has entered?
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num > 1:
prime = True
for n in range(2, num):
if (num % n) == 0:
print ("Number", num, "is not prime")
break
else:
print("Number", num, "is prime")
You can'not print both in one loop, you can do one thing add a loop above your current loop and display each number like this :
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num > 1:
prime = True
for n in range(2, num):
if (num % n) == 0:
print ("Number", num, "is not prime")
break
else:
print("Number", num, "is prime")
#your current code ends here
for j in range(2, num + 1):
# prime numbers are greater than 1
for i in range(2, j):
if (j % i) == 0:
break
else:
print(j)
Your code only check the number entered is prime or not , but you questioned about to get prime numbers from 2 to n (n = number entered by user) for this you run below code with the help of flag bit it will little bit easy for you. i hope it will help you.
Try This i run this code It will Surely help you to find your answer it work in python 3.0 or above
num = int(input("Enter The Number"))
if num > 1:
num = num+1
list = []
for j in range (2,num,1):
flag = 0
for i in range (2,int(j/2)+1,1):
if(j%i)== 0:
flag = 1
break
if flag==0:
list.append(j)
print(list)
else:
print("Enter Number Greater Than 1")
Aside from small things (unused boolean variable) your prime test is also super inefficient.
Let's go through this step by step.
First: To test if a number is prime, you don't need to check all integers up to the number for divisors. Actually, going up to sqrt(num) turns out to be sufficient. We can write a one-liner function to find out if a number is prime like so:
from numpy import sqrt
def is_prime(n):
return n > 1 and all(n%i for i in range(2,int(sqrt(n))+1))
range(2,some_num) gives an iterator through all numbers from 2 up to some_num-1and the all() function checks if the statement n%i is true everywhere in that iterator and returns a boolean. If you can guarantee to never pass even numbers you can start the range from 3 (of course with the loss of generality). Even if you don't want to use that function, it's cleaner to separate the functionality into a different function, because in a loop of numbers up to your input you will probably have to check each number for being prime separately anyways.
Second: From here, finding all primes smaller or equal than your input should be pretty easy.
num = int(input("Enter a number:"))
assert num>0, "Please provide a positive integer" # stops with an assertion error if num<=0
prime_lst = [2] if num > 1 else []
for x in range(3,num+1,2):
if is_prime(x):
prime_lst.append(x)
The list prime_lst will contain all your sought after prime numbers. I start the loop from 1 such that I can loop through only the odd numbers, even numbers are divisible by two. So this way none of the numbers will be divisible by two. Unfortunately this requires me to check if the number itself may be 2, which is a prime. By the twin-prime conjecture we can not simplify this range further without knowing about the input.
Finally: If you really want to find the primes in one loop, change your loop to something along the lines of:
prime_lst = [2] if num > 1 else []
for x in range(3,num+1,2): # outer loop
for i in range(3,int(sqrt(x))+1): # inner loop for check if x is prime
if x%i == 0:
break # breaks the inner loop, number is not prime
else:
prime_lst.append(x)
Edit: Just saw that the second answer here has a good explanation (and an even better way) of writing the one-liner for finding out if a number is prime.

Finding all numbers that evenly divide a number

So I'm trying to make a program that when I input a number it will give me all the factors(12->1,2,3,4,6,12). I only started programming very recently so there may be some very obvious things. But here's my code
numbers = [1]
newnum = 1
chosen = int(input("Enter what you want the factors of: "))
def factors(numbers,newnum,chosen):
lastnum = numbers[-1]
if (chosen == lastnum):
for number in numbers:
if (number % 1 != 0):
numbers.remove(number)
print (numbers)
else:
factors(numbers,newnum,chosen)
else:
newnum = numbers[-1] + 1
numbers.append(newnum)
print (numbers)
factors(numbers,newnum,chosen)
factors(numbers,newnum,chosen)
Ok, so I don't really need the redundancies addressed but if you see something that would completely stop the program from working please point it out. Sorry I bothered you all with this but I don't know what else to do.
There are lots of problems:
Every integer number modulo 1 is zero because each integer is divisible by one without remainder.
You remove items from the list you're iterating over, that will definetly give wrong results if you don't do it carefully!
You try to do recursion but you don't return the result of the recursive call. That's possible because you operate on a mutable list but it's generally not really good style
You don't have any inline comments explaining what that line is supposed to do, so it's hard to give any reasonable guidance on how to improve the code.
If you want a code that finds all factors, consider something like this:
chosen = int(input("Enter what you want the factors of: "))
def factors(chosen, currentnum=None, numbers=None):
# Recursion start, always append 1 and start with 2
if numbers is None:
numbers = [1]
currentnum = 2
# We're at the last value, it's always divisible by itself so
# append it and return
if currentnum == chosen:
numbers.append(currentnum)
return numbers
else:
# Check if the chosen item is divisible by the current number
if chosen % currentnum == 0:
numbers.append(currentnum)
# Always continue with the next number:
currentnum += 1
return factors(chosen, currentnum, numbers)
>>> factors(chosen)
Enter what you want the factors of: 12
[1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12]
That's not the optimal solution but it uses recursion and gives a proper result. Just don't enter negative values or catch that case in the function at the beginning!
# Two Pointer Approach
ans = []
def divisor(val):
result = []
for i in range(1, val + 1):
ans.append(i)
i = 0
j = len(ans) - 1
while i < j:
if ans[i] * ans[j] == ans[-1]:
result.append(ans[i])
result.append(ans[j])
i += 1
else:
j -= 1
return sorted(result)
print(divisor(12))
# Output
>>> [1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12]

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