How to change x-y perspective in PyGame? - python

I want to rotate my x-y perspective as my car rotates in PyGame.
When I rotate my car to turn it, I want my x-y perspective to change too so the forward and backward movement of the car are unaffected.

Use pygame.transform.rotate to rotate an image respectively pygame.Surface object by 90°:
car_image = pygame.image.load("filname.png")
car_image = pygame.transform.rotate(car_image , 90)
PyGame uses a coordinate system where the top left corner is (0, 0). The y-axis points down and the x-axis points to the right. That cannot be changed.

Related

Detect the angle of a surface in real-time

My project is about image detection. I am using 1 camera and have 2 shapes (rectangle and triangle) placed on a flat surface. I have successfully been able to:
Detect the contours
Detect the area of the contours
Make a relation between both areas and the distances, to be able to calculate both distances from the camera
Calculate the lengths, corner coordinates and the angle of each corner in both shapes
Now I need to calculate the angle of rotation of the whole surface when rotated around the x-axis (up & down), y-axis (left & right) and both axes (oblique). This can be seen in the gif I provided. The default angle (0 degrees) is when the surface is parallel to the camera, and any rotation would mean that an angle around 1 or both axes is present.
P.S When the surface is rotating around both axes (oblique), both angles have to be detected separately. For example, I would get 14° x-axis & 27° y-axis.
Any help would be appreciated.

how to make a sprite a circle for collisions [duplicate]

I am using pygame to make a simple game. I am having issues with circle collisions. I am getting the following error:
"AttributeError: 'pygame.Rect' object has no attribute 'rect'"
Here is the particular code I am having issues with below:
if pygame.sprite.collide_circle(hero_circle, enemy_circle):
gameover()
Use pygame.mask to create a collision mesh for your objects and use the mesh to do collision detections.
In more detail:
Create an image file for both of your circles and set the bg color to something you will not use anywhere else.
Set that color to "transparent" in your image editor.
Import the images.
Create a mesh for them with pygame.mask and set it to make transparent pixels non-collidable.
Use the generated mask as your collision detection mesh.
PROFIT
(Technically this is just doing collision detection of a circle shaped area on a rectangle, but who cares!)
pygame.draw.rect()
draw a rectangle shape
rect(Surface, color, Rect, width=0) -> Rect
Draws a rectangular shape on the Surface. The given Rect is the area of the rectangle. The width argument is the thickness to draw the outer edge. If width is zero then the rectangle will be filled.
Keep in mind the Surface.fill() method works just as well for drawing filled rectangles. In fact the Surface.fill() can be hardware accelerated on some platforms with both software and hardware display modes.
The best way I've found to check circle collision detection is to calculate the distance between the center points of two circles. If the distance is less than the sum of the two circle's radii, then you've collided.
Just like how gmk said it but if your are using circles instead of rectangles, you should use this pygame function :
pygame.draw.circle(surface, color, center_point, radius, width)
This draws a circle on your surface (which would go in the surface area). Clearly the color requires a list of numbers (RGB anyone?). Your center_point decides the location of your circle since it will be the location of the center of your circle. The radius will need a number to set the radius of the circle (using the number like 25 will set your radius at 25 pixels/diameter at 50 pixels). the width section is optional as it sets the thickness of the perimeter of your circle (having 0 will have none at all). If you are not using circles, you should change your title... But anyways, I hope this helps you!

Circle transformation outside of circle

I'm trying to rotate a rectangle based on the position of the mouse inside or outside of the circle.
The way I see it, if I can determine the point on the circle that is closest to the position of the mouse, I can then transform the rectangle along the circle using that point as the target.
I cannot however, figure out how to find that position. I thought that perhaps by using y=mx+b to follow the line from the mouse pos until it hits the point on the circle.
The problem with this however is that I do not have all of the points on the circle and there are hundreds if not thousands of points on the circle.
If the mouse position is outside of a circle, how do I find the point on the circle closest to the mouse-position?
Use math.atan2() to get the angle of the cursor from the center. The circle will be a fixed distance from the center, so you can just convert the angle and distance to a point on the circle with more trig.
angle = math.atan2(ymouse - ycenter, xmouse - xcenter)

How does one draw a tilted ellipse in ImageDraw?

I am trying to draw a tilted ellipse in image draw. However, I am not sure how to define it, since while the scheme below would move the points, I think this would just squish the ellipse, not rotate it (also I think there is something slightly wrong with the transformation in any case). I am feeding the output of this function into the ellipse command and adding it to an existing picture, so any methods that would rotate the entire image are no good. OD is just a square offset to the coordinate center I am using.
def ellipsebound(major, minor, tilt=0, offset=0, angle=0):
#creates a bound for an ellispe, defined with tilt meaning to rotate the orthogonal axis and angle corresponds to rotating the ellipse position
angle = radians(angle)
tilt = radians(tilt)
box=(
1 + int(ceil((OD+offset*cos(angle)+(major*cos(tilt)+minor*sin(tilt)))/conv)),
1 + int(ceil((OD+offset*sin(angle)+(major*sin(tilt)-minor*cos(tilt)))/conv)),
int(ceil((2*OD-(OD-offset*cos(angle)-(major*cos(tilt)+minor*sin(tilt)))/conv))),
int(ceil((2*OD-(OD-offset*sin(angle)-(major*sin(tilt)-minor*cos(tilt)))/conv)))
) #create bounding box
return box
Does anyone know how to accomplish this?
It looks like the 'box' that is being used to draw the ellipse has no rotation associated with it. It is simply defined by the (left, top, right, bottom) extents.
One possible workaround (depending on what you need to do) is to draw the ellipse (sized correctly, but without the rotation) onto an intermediary image, use the image.rotate() method, and then paste it into your target image.
I hope that helps.

Negative coordinates in pygame

What would be the best way to use negative coordinates in pygame?
At the moment I have a surface that is 1.5 times the original surface then everything that needs to be drawn is shifted up by a certain amount (to ensure the negative coordinates become positive) and drawn.
Is there an easier/alternate way of doing this?
A simple solution is to write a linear mapping function from world coordinates to pygame screen coordinates
def coord(x,y):
"Convert world coordinates to pixel coordinates."
return 320+170*x, 400-170*y
and use it when drawing all world objects. Have a look here for a complete example.
There is no way to move the origin of a surface from 0,0.
Implement your own drawing class which transforms all the coordinates passed in into the space of the surface.
If it's similar to an RPG map situation, where you have world coordinates and screen coordinates:
use a function that translates world to local, and vice versa.
But I wasn't sure I'd you were looking for Rect's properties?
rect.bottomright = (width, height) # bottom right at window corner
If you want to use center coordinates to blit, vs top left being (0,0)
ship.rect.center = (20, 30) # don't need to translate by adding w/2 to topleft
See also: Rect.move_ip()

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