In the code below, pressing the space bar twice results in two successive beeps. I want to avoid this and instead disable the key while the first beep is happening. I thought unbinding the space key might work, but it doesn't. It's strange that only two beeps seem to stack up rather than more. I'm guessing maybe the cause of the issue is that winsound.Beep is non-blocking so the rebinding occurs almost instantly.
Any suggestion on how to get this to work please?
import winsound
from tkinter import *
def beep(e):
frame.unbind("<space>")
winsound.Beep(440, 1000)
frame.bind("<space>", beep)
root = Tk()
frame = Frame(root, width=100, height=100)
frame.bind("<space>", beep)
frame.pack()
frame.focus_set()
root.mainloop()
Here is a solution that takes the focus away from the widget, so the binding wont get triggered:
import winsound
from tkinter import *
def beep(event):
dummy.focus_set() #setting focus to dummy
winsound.Beep(440, 1000) #playing it
root.after(1000,frame.focus_set) #setting focus back after playing for 1000 ms
root = Tk()
dummy = Label() #making a dummy widget
dummy.pack()
frame = Frame(root, width=100, height=100)
frame.bind("<space>",beep)
frame.pack()
frame.focus_set()
root.mainloop()
I've commented it to understand better, but this is just a way around and its not that complicated to understand either.
Also keep in mind, in all cases of using winsound, as long as that beep has started and finished playing, the GUI will be unresponsive, that is, GUI will be unresponsive for 1 sec(in your case).
This should fix it however you have to download keyboard module with pip install keyboard :
import winsound
from tkinter import *
import keyboard
from _thread import start_new_thread
def beep():
while True:
if keyboard.is_pressed('space'):
winsound.Beep(440, 1000)
root = Tk()
frame = Frame(root, width=100, height=100)
start_new_thread(beep, ())
frame.pack()
frame.focus_set()
root.mainloop()
First start_new_thread()(syntax is important) makes beep() threaded (runs in background?) and its a while loop so it runs continuously and whenever you press space it will beep and even if you spam space it will still just run one beep. However there is a downside. It will run while script is not terminated so if you focus out it will still beep if you press spacebar
You can use the elapsed time since the last successful keypress to decide if the beep should be produced or not.
maybe like this: I do not have access to winsound, so I am using an os feature to mimic a beep. You can comment this out, and uncomment the calls to winsound
# import winsound
import os
import tkinter as tk
import time
def beep(e, time_limit=1, timer=[0]):
t0 = timer[0]
t1 = time.time()
delta_t = t1 - t0
if delta_t < time_limit:
return
# winsound.Beep(440, 1000)
os.system('say "Beep"')
timer[0] = t1
root = tk.Tk()
frame = tk.Frame(root, width=100, height=100)
frame.bind("<space>", beep)
frame.pack()
frame.focus_set()
root.mainloop()
You can bind back the event via after_idle():
def beep(e):
e.widget.unbind('<space>')
winsound.Beep(440, 1000)
e.widget.after_idle(e.widget.bind, '<space>', beep)
explanation:
The callback passed to after_idle() will be executed when tkinter mainloop is idle, i.e. no pending works/events to be handled. So if the spacebar is pressed many times, the first press triggers beep() in which tkinter unbinds the event, beep and then schedules the rebind. After beep() returns, tkinter keeps handling the pending tasks, i.e. handle the rest spacebar events (but at that moment, no bind is active) and then do the after_idle schedule task which is the rebind.
Related
I am trying to delete text inside a text box after waiting 5 seconds, but instead the program wont run and does sleep over everything else. Also is there a way for me to just make my textbox sleep so i can run other code while the text is frozen?
from time import time, sleep
from Tkinter import *
def empty_textbox():
textbox.insert(END, 'This is a test')
sleep(5)
textbox.delete("1.0", END)
root = Tk()
frame = Frame(root, width=300, height=100)
textbox = Text(frame)
frame.pack_propagate(0)
frame.pack()
textbox.pack()
empty_textbox()
root.mainloop()
You really should be using something like the Tkinter after method rather than time.sleep(...).
There's an example of using the after method at this other stackoverflow question.
Here's a modified version of your script that uses the after method:
from time import time, sleep
from Tkinter import *
def empty_textbox():
textbox.delete("1.0", END)
root = Tk()
frame = Frame(root, width=300, height=100)
textbox = Text(frame)
frame.pack_propagate(0)
frame.pack()
textbox.pack()
textbox.insert(END, 'This is a test')
textbox.after(5000, empty_textbox)
root.mainloop()
You can emulate time.sleep in tkinter. For this we still need to use the .after method to run our code alongside the mainloop, but we could add readability to our code with a sleep function. To add the desired behavior, tkinter provides another underestimated feature, wait_variable. wait_variable stops the codeblock till the variable is set and thus can be scheduled with after.
def tksleep(t):
'emulating time.sleep(seconds)'
ms = int(t*1000)
root = tk._get_default_root('sleep')
var = tk.IntVar(root)
root.after(ms, var.set, 1)
root.wait_variable(var)
Real world examples:
update a Label to display a clock while-loop
animated writing nested for-loops
Limitation:
tkinter does not quit while tksleep is used.
Make sure there is no pending tksleep by exiting the application.
Using tksleep casually can lead to unintended behavior
UPDATE
TheLizzard worked out something superior to the code above here. Instead of tkwait command he uses the mainloop and this overcomes the bug of not quitting the process as described above, but still can lead to unintended output, depending on what you expect:
import tkinter as tk
def tksleep(self, time:float) -> None:
"""
Emulating `time.sleep(seconds)`
Created by TheLizzard, inspired by Thingamabobs
"""
self.after(int(time*1000), self.quit)
self.mainloop()
tk.Misc.tksleep = tksleep
# Example
root = tk.Tk()
root.tksleep(2)
I am trying to delete text inside a text box after waiting 5 seconds, but instead the program wont run and does sleep over everything else. Also is there a way for me to just make my textbox sleep so i can run other code while the text is frozen?
from time import time, sleep
from Tkinter import *
def empty_textbox():
textbox.insert(END, 'This is a test')
sleep(5)
textbox.delete("1.0", END)
root = Tk()
frame = Frame(root, width=300, height=100)
textbox = Text(frame)
frame.pack_propagate(0)
frame.pack()
textbox.pack()
empty_textbox()
root.mainloop()
You really should be using something like the Tkinter after method rather than time.sleep(...).
There's an example of using the after method at this other stackoverflow question.
Here's a modified version of your script that uses the after method:
from time import time, sleep
from Tkinter import *
def empty_textbox():
textbox.delete("1.0", END)
root = Tk()
frame = Frame(root, width=300, height=100)
textbox = Text(frame)
frame.pack_propagate(0)
frame.pack()
textbox.pack()
textbox.insert(END, 'This is a test')
textbox.after(5000, empty_textbox)
root.mainloop()
You can emulate time.sleep in tkinter. For this we still need to use the .after method to run our code alongside the mainloop, but we could add readability to our code with a sleep function. To add the desired behavior, tkinter provides another underestimated feature, wait_variable. wait_variable stops the codeblock till the variable is set and thus can be scheduled with after.
def tksleep(t):
'emulating time.sleep(seconds)'
ms = int(t*1000)
root = tk._get_default_root('sleep')
var = tk.IntVar(root)
root.after(ms, var.set, 1)
root.wait_variable(var)
Real world examples:
update a Label to display a clock while-loop
animated writing nested for-loops
Limitation:
tkinter does not quit while tksleep is used.
Make sure there is no pending tksleep by exiting the application.
Using tksleep casually can lead to unintended behavior
UPDATE
TheLizzard worked out something superior to the code above here. Instead of tkwait command he uses the mainloop and this overcomes the bug of not quitting the process as described above, but still can lead to unintended output, depending on what you expect:
import tkinter as tk
def tksleep(self, time:float) -> None:
"""
Emulating `time.sleep(seconds)`
Created by TheLizzard, inspired by Thingamabobs
"""
self.after(int(time*1000), self.quit)
self.mainloop()
tk.Misc.tksleep = tksleep
# Example
root = tk.Tk()
root.tksleep(2)
I am working in a program where I use Tkinter for the UI. I am writing a code to play an audio repeatedly. I am using pygame.mixer.music() for playing audio.
In the UI I created two buttons ("Start" and "Stop"). I attached a method which contains the loop structure to the start button, so that when the Start button is pressed the loop will be executed and starts playing audio repeatedly. Now I don't know how to attach the Stop button. Like, when Stop button is pressed the control should exit the loop. Can I use interrupts or some other thing like that? Iam totaly new to the concept of interrupts. To proceed with that, help me with what kind of interrupt, what is the library for that, etc. If not please help me how to proceed with the stop button.
Here is my code:
from pygame import *
from Tkinter import *
import time
root = Tk()
root.geometry("1000x200")
root.title("sampler")
m=1
n=1
mixer.init()
def play():
while m==1:
print 'playing'
mixer.music.load('audio 1.mp3')
mixer.music.play()
time.sleep(n)
start = Button(root, text="play", command = play)
start.pack()
stop = Button(root, text="Stop")
stop.pack()
mainloop()
n defines how long the audio should be played for each loop.
Python doesn't exactly support interrupts, the closest thing would probably be some sort of signal handler, which are supported via its signal library. However they may not work well with Tkinter (or pygame), so I don't think that would be a good approach—and they're not really necessary anyway because what you want to do can be handled within Tkinter's mainloop().
Although it may seem somewhat complex, the way I would suggest implementing it would be to encapsulate most of the playing control functionality within a single Python class. This will reduce the use of global variables, which will make the program easier to debug and develop further (because of the many advantages of Object-Oriented Programming — aka as OOP).
Below illustrates what I mean. Note, I'm using Python 3, so had to make a few additional changes to your code in order for it would work with that version. I'm not sure, but this version ought to work in Python 2, as well, except you'll need to change the import of the Tkinter module as indicated.
from pygame import *
from tkinter import * # Change to "from Tkinter import *" for Python 2.x.
class PlayController(object):
def __init__(self, mixer, music_filename, polling_delay):
self.mixer = mixer
self.music_filename = music_filename
self.polling_delay = polling_delay # In milliseconds.
self.playing = False
def play(self):
if self.playing:
self.stop()
self.mixer.music.load(self.music_filename)
self.mixer.music.play(-1) # -1 means to loop indefinitely.
self.playing = True
root.after(self.polling_delay, self.check_status) # Start playing check.
def stop(self):
if self.playing:
self.mixer.music.stop()
self.playing = False
def check_status(self):
if self.playing:
print('playing')
root.after(self.polling_delay, self.check_status) # Repeat after delay.
root = Tk()
root.geometry("1000x200")
root.title("Sampler")
mixer.init()
play_control = PlayController(mixer, 'tone.wav', 1000)
Button(root, text="Play", command=play_control.play).pack()
Button(root, text="Stop", command=play_control.stop).pack()
mainloop()
You need to add a command to your button... stop = Button(root, text="Stop", command=stop)
Just adding a stop command probably wont work because the way your infinite loop is structured, you can't interact with the tkinter interface while play is clicked. Try restructuring your program like this:
from Tkinter import *
from pygame import *
import time
import threading
switch = True
root = Tk()
n = 1
mixer.init()
root.geometry("1000x200")
root.title("sampler")
def play():
def run():
while switch:
print 'playing'
mixer.music.load('audio 1.mp3')
mixer.music.play()
time.sleep(n)
if not switch:
break
thread = threading.Thread(target=run)
thread.start()
def switch_on():
global switch
switch = True
play()
def switch_off():
global switch
switch = False
def kill():
root.destroy()
onbutton = Button(root, text="Play", command=switch_on)
onbutton.pack()
offbutton = Button(root, text="Stop", command=switch_off)
offbutton.pack()
killbutton = Button(root, text="Kill", command=kill)
killbutton.pack()
root.mainloop()
This way the tkinter buttons are running on separate threads, so while one is looping you can still interact with the other.
I am trying to delete text inside a text box after waiting 5 seconds, but instead the program wont run and does sleep over everything else. Also is there a way for me to just make my textbox sleep so i can run other code while the text is frozen?
from time import time, sleep
from Tkinter import *
def empty_textbox():
textbox.insert(END, 'This is a test')
sleep(5)
textbox.delete("1.0", END)
root = Tk()
frame = Frame(root, width=300, height=100)
textbox = Text(frame)
frame.pack_propagate(0)
frame.pack()
textbox.pack()
empty_textbox()
root.mainloop()
You really should be using something like the Tkinter after method rather than time.sleep(...).
There's an example of using the after method at this other stackoverflow question.
Here's a modified version of your script that uses the after method:
from time import time, sleep
from Tkinter import *
def empty_textbox():
textbox.delete("1.0", END)
root = Tk()
frame = Frame(root, width=300, height=100)
textbox = Text(frame)
frame.pack_propagate(0)
frame.pack()
textbox.pack()
textbox.insert(END, 'This is a test')
textbox.after(5000, empty_textbox)
root.mainloop()
You can emulate time.sleep in tkinter. For this we still need to use the .after method to run our code alongside the mainloop, but we could add readability to our code with a sleep function. To add the desired behavior, tkinter provides another underestimated feature, wait_variable. wait_variable stops the codeblock till the variable is set and thus can be scheduled with after.
def tksleep(t):
'emulating time.sleep(seconds)'
ms = int(t*1000)
root = tk._get_default_root('sleep')
var = tk.IntVar(root)
root.after(ms, var.set, 1)
root.wait_variable(var)
Real world examples:
update a Label to display a clock while-loop
animated writing nested for-loops
Limitation:
tkinter does not quit while tksleep is used.
Make sure there is no pending tksleep by exiting the application.
Using tksleep casually can lead to unintended behavior
UPDATE
TheLizzard worked out something superior to the code above here. Instead of tkwait command he uses the mainloop and this overcomes the bug of not quitting the process as described above, but still can lead to unintended output, depending on what you expect:
import tkinter as tk
def tksleep(self, time:float) -> None:
"""
Emulating `time.sleep(seconds)`
Created by TheLizzard, inspired by Thingamabobs
"""
self.after(int(time*1000), self.quit)
self.mainloop()
tk.Misc.tksleep = tksleep
# Example
root = tk.Tk()
root.tksleep(2)
I am trying to delete text inside a text box after waiting 5 seconds, but instead the program wont run and does sleep over everything else. Also is there a way for me to just make my textbox sleep so i can run other code while the text is frozen?
from time import time, sleep
from Tkinter import *
def empty_textbox():
textbox.insert(END, 'This is a test')
sleep(5)
textbox.delete("1.0", END)
root = Tk()
frame = Frame(root, width=300, height=100)
textbox = Text(frame)
frame.pack_propagate(0)
frame.pack()
textbox.pack()
empty_textbox()
root.mainloop()
You really should be using something like the Tkinter after method rather than time.sleep(...).
There's an example of using the after method at this other stackoverflow question.
Here's a modified version of your script that uses the after method:
from time import time, sleep
from Tkinter import *
def empty_textbox():
textbox.delete("1.0", END)
root = Tk()
frame = Frame(root, width=300, height=100)
textbox = Text(frame)
frame.pack_propagate(0)
frame.pack()
textbox.pack()
textbox.insert(END, 'This is a test')
textbox.after(5000, empty_textbox)
root.mainloop()
You can emulate time.sleep in tkinter. For this we still need to use the .after method to run our code alongside the mainloop, but we could add readability to our code with a sleep function. To add the desired behavior, tkinter provides another underestimated feature, wait_variable. wait_variable stops the codeblock till the variable is set and thus can be scheduled with after.
def tksleep(t):
'emulating time.sleep(seconds)'
ms = int(t*1000)
root = tk._get_default_root('sleep')
var = tk.IntVar(root)
root.after(ms, var.set, 1)
root.wait_variable(var)
Real world examples:
update a Label to display a clock while-loop
animated writing nested for-loops
Limitation:
tkinter does not quit while tksleep is used.
Make sure there is no pending tksleep by exiting the application.
Using tksleep casually can lead to unintended behavior
UPDATE
TheLizzard worked out something superior to the code above here. Instead of tkwait command he uses the mainloop and this overcomes the bug of not quitting the process as described above, but still can lead to unintended output, depending on what you expect:
import tkinter as tk
def tksleep(self, time:float) -> None:
"""
Emulating `time.sleep(seconds)`
Created by TheLizzard, inspired by Thingamabobs
"""
self.after(int(time*1000), self.quit)
self.mainloop()
tk.Misc.tksleep = tksleep
# Example
root = tk.Tk()
root.tksleep(2)