I'm trying to run my flask app with "python app.py" instead of "flask run" command.
My goal is to launch the app on cpanel server and just about every tutorial requires the applications to be called using the "python" method.
Here is my folder structure:
project
webapp
init.py
templates
static
auth.py
main.py
app.py <-------------- I want this to be called with python instead of flask run command outside the folder
Here is my init_.py file:
from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_login import LoginManager
# init SQLAlchemy so we can use it later in our models
db = SQLAlchemy()
def create_app():
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = '9OLWxND4o83j4iuopO'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///db.sqlite'
db.init_app(app)
login_manager = LoginManager()
login_manager.login_view = 'auth.login'
login_manager.init_app(app)
from .models import User
#login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
# since the user_id is just the primary key of our user table, use it in the query for the user
return User.query.get(int(user_id))
# blueprint for auth routes in our app
from .auth import auth as auth_blueprint
app.register_blueprint(auth_blueprint)
# blueprint for non-auth parts of app
from .main import main as main_blueprint
app.register_blueprint(main_blueprint)
return app
And app.py is:
from webapp import app
I'm a newbie in flask, any help is appreciated
Insert the call to create_app at the end of init.py:
if __name__ == '__main__':
create_app().run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000, debug=True)
The if statement avoid calling the app many times. It can only be called directly. Flask default host is 127.0.0.1 (localhost). Use 0.0.0.0 at production for better traffic monitoring. Default port is also 5000, so it's up to you to include. For better readability, you should explicit it.
Then call it
python webapp/init.py
Related
I have looked at similar questions to this one and haven't found a solution yet. My flask app (a personal website) runs with full functionality on the local server but when I try to run it on the IP address at port 5000 the contactme page (the only page with forms) returns the runtime error in the title. I have my secret key in the directory /etc/config.json and my config.py, __init__.py, and run.py code is below:
run.py
from personalwebsite import create_app
app = create_app()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
init.py:
from flask import Flask
from flask_mail import Mail # this package allows us to send an email when the contact form is filled out
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy # Package for our database ORM
from personalwebsite.config import Config
# Instantiate/Create the database
db = SQLAlchemy()
mail = Mail() # Instantiate our Mail object
def create_app(config_class=Config):
app = Flask(__name__) # Instantiate the app
app.config.from_object(Config)
# Imports all routes from the routes.py file
db.init_app(app)
mail.init_app(app)
from personalwebsite.contact.routes import contacts
from personalwebsite.main.routes import main
from personalwebsite.projects.routes import projects
from personalwebsite.resume.routes import resume
app.register_blueprint(contacts)
app.register_blueprint(main)
app.register_blueprint(projects)
app.register_blueprint(resume)
return app
And config.py:
import os
import json
with open('/etc/config.json') as config_file:
config=json.load(config_file)
class Config:
SECRET_KEY = config.get('SECRETKEY')
SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = "sqlite:///site.db"
MAIL_SERVER = 'smtp.googlemail.com'
MAIL_PORT = 587
MAIL_USE_TLS = True
MAIL_USERNAME = config.get('EMAILUSERNAME')
MAIL_PASSWORD = config.get('EMAILKEY')
I'm not really sure what is wrong here and have been trying to deploy this simple website for the last few days. Any help is appreciated!
I've been trying to deploy my Flask app to Heroku for over a day, watching/reading several tutorials, and digging through all the stackoverflow questions i could find and still haven't found a solution for my issue. When i deploy my app, I get the error "gunicorn.errors.AppImportError: Failed to find attribute 'app' in 'app'." I've changed my Procfile many times to get heroku to run my app but i always get the same error.
This is how my app is structured:
enter image description here
My Procfile includes this statement:
web: gunicorn app:app --preload
I am thinking my issues could be how im creating my app, but could not find a solution. My main app file looks like this:
from venv import create
from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from os.path import join, dirname, realpath
from flask_login import LoginManager
db = SQLAlchemy()
def create_app():
app = Flask(__name__, static_folder='static')
app.debug = True
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'abcde12568901fghij'
#app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///db.sqlite3'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = '[removed for privacy]'
app.config['UPLOAD_DIRECTORY'] = join(dirname(realpath(__file__)), 'uploads/')
app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 16*1024*1024 #16mb
app.config['ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS'] = ['.jpg','.jpeg','.png','.gif','.mp4']
db.init_app(app)
login_manager = LoginManager()
login_manager.login_view = 'auth.login'
login_manager.init_app(app)
from models import User
#login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
# since the user_id is just the primary key of our user table, use it in the query for the user
return User.query.get(int(user_id))
from auth import auth
app.register_blueprint(auth)
from views import main
app.register_blueprint(main)
return app
if __name__ == '__main__':
db.create_all(app=create_app())
Screenshot of full logs:
enter image description here
Any help would be greatly appreciated, thanks all!
app:app tells Gunicorn to look for a variable called app in your app.py file (strictly speaking, in your app module), but you don't have a variable with that name.
Instead, you have a function create_app() that returns your app object. Gunicorn allows you to use that directly:
The variable name can also be a function call. In that case the name will be imported from the module, then called to get the application object. This is commonly referred to as the "application factory" pattern.
Update your Procfile accordingly:
web: gunicorn 'app:create_app()' --preload
Do you have another file in your root directory that is creating the app or is the code above the file that you run to run the app? This will normally just be a Python file with the name of your project, and this will have something like app = create_app().
Then your Procfile needs to look for the app in that file.
For example if that file was called mainApp.py you would then use
web: gunicorn mainApp:app --preload
I'm currently working on learning Flask and create a working page with login functions. Now I want to remove the global app instance and started using blueprints for the submodules.
My project is structured like this:
+ app
+ auth
- __init__.py
- forms.py
- routes.py
+ main
+ models
+ templates
- __init__.py
+ migrations
- index.py
- config.py
No I added a blueprint to the routes.py and used the decorators there:
from flask import render_template, flash, redirect, url_for, request, Blueprint
from app import app, db
from app.auth.forms import LoginForm, RegistrationForm
# ...
from app.models.User import User
blueprint = Blueprint('auth', __name__)
#blueprint.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
return "example login"
The __init__.py of the auth module:
from . import forms, routes
The blueprint gets added in the __init__.py of the app folder:
# ...
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(Config)
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
from app.auth.routes import blueprint as auth_bp
app.register_blueprint(auth_bp)
After using the #blueprint decorators, I don't need #app anymore, but how can I access the db when I want to remove the import app and the from app.models.User import User part?
from . import db
from ..models.User import User
There are two things to understand here. app as a module (the folder) and app the instance of flask inside __init__.py. When you do import app inside authentication blueprint then you are actually importing the whole app module and not the flask instance. When you do from app import app you are actually importing flask instance from app module. This can be confusing to eliminate this I advise you to change the name of app folder to something different like bacher then when you need to import db inside your authentication blueprint use from bacher import db and for User model from bacher.models.User import User
I am trying to implement Flask-PyMongo with blueprints and an application factory and keep getting AttributeError: 'Flask' object has no attribute 'db'
My directory structure looks like
myapp/
myapp.py
config.py
/app
__init__.py
/v1
__init__.py
endpoints.py
In my python script that starts the Flask app I have:
import os
from app import create_app
app = create_app('dev')
In my top level init.py I have:
mongo = PyMongo()
def create_app(config_name):
app = Flask(__name__)
mongo.init_app(app)
app.config.from_object(config[config_name])
from app.v1 import psapi as psapi_bp
app.register_blueprint(psapi_bp, url_prefix='/api')
if not os.path.exists('logs'):
os.mkdir('logs')
In my endpoints.py I have a route that looks like
#myapp.route('/addentry', methods=['POST'])
def addentry():
username = request.json['username']
userid = current_app.db.user_entry.insert({'username':username})
return jsonify({'userid':userid})
I feel like there is something small that I am missing but I am not seeing it.
You need to call db on your mongo object, not on the app object
to those who may be facing this problem again :
you should first define mongo oustside create_app to have access to it from inside other files.
then init_app with that like the following:
from flask import Flask, current_app
from flask_pymongo import PyMongo
mongo = PyMongo()
def create_app(config_name):
app = Flask(__name__, instance_relative_config=False)
app.config.from_object(app_config[config_name])
# INIT EXTENSIONS ----------------------
mongo.init_app(app)
return app
then in any file you can import mongo from above file. for example:
from ../factory import mongo
I use supervisor to run my app. It is structured as follows:
My app layout
my_app
__init__.py
my_app
__init__.py
startup
create_app.py
create_users.py
common_settings.py
core
__init__.py
models.py
views.py
Outer __init__.py
from my_app import app
Inner __init__.py
from flask import Flask
from flask_script import Manager
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
app = Flask(__name__) # The WSGI compliant web application object
db = SQLAlchemy(app) # Setup Flask-SQLAlchemy
manager = Manager(app) # Setup Flask-Script
from my_app.startup.create_app import create_app
create_app()
create_app.py
def create_app(extra_config_settings={}):
"""
Initialize Flask applicaton
"""
# ***** Initialize app config settings *****
# Read common settings from 'app/startup/common_settings.py' file
app.config.from_object('app.startup.common_settings')
# Read environment-specific settings from file defined by OS environment variable 'ENV_SETTINGS_FILE'
app.config.from_envvar('ENV_SETTINGS_FILE')
# Load all blueprints with their manager commands, models and views
# Setup Flask-User to handle user account related forms
from my_app.core.models import User
# Setup Flask-User
db_adapter = SQLAlchemyAdapter(db, User) # Setup the SQLAlchemy DB Adapter
user_manager = UserManager(db_adapter, app) # Init Flask-User and bind to app
from my_app import core
return app
my_app/core/__init__.py
from . import models
from . import views
views.py
from my_app import db, app
'''
Register a new user
'''
#app.route('/register', methods = ['POST'])
def register_user():
user_manager = app.user_manager
db_adapter = user_manager.db_adapter
I was trying to follow an example I found online.
I'm creating the variables db_adapter and user_manager in create_app(). Are these the same ones being used in my views.py?
If anyone has any suggestions or links to examples that I can follow to structure my project, it would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks.
Assuming that that's how Flask-User works (sets the user_manager attribute on app), this is trivial to determine, just compare them in the create_app function when you still have a direct reference to the objects.
db_adapter = SQLAlchemyAdapter(db, User)
user_manager = UserManager(db_adapter, app)
assert db_adapter is user_manager.db_adapter
assert user_manager is app.user_manager
However, your entire project layout doesn't make much sense. You should be creating the entire app inside the create_app factory. You should not have an __init__.py file at the top level, that's the project folder not the package. You should use current_app within views to access the app, since it will only be created at runtime by the factory. You should create a manage.py file at the project level to use the factory.
my_project/
my_app/
__init__.py
models.py
views.py
defaults.py
instance/
config.py
manage.py
__init__.py:
from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
db = SQLAlchemy()
def create_app():
app = Flask(__name__, instance_relative_config=True)
app.config.from_object('my_app.defaults')
app.config.from_pyfile('config.py')
db.init_app(app)
from my_app.views import bp
app.register_blueprint(bp)
return app
models.py:
from my_app import db
class User(db.Model):
...
views.py:
from flask import Blueprint, render_template
from my_app.models import User
bp = Blueprint('app', __name__)
#bp.route('/')
def index():
return render_template('index.html')
manage.py:
#!/usr/bin/env python
from flask_script import Manager
from my_app import create_app
Manager(create_app).run()