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How to pass an HTTP request as a parameter of a python function?

I'm calling a python function and passing an HTTP request as a parameter but it's not working. I created the function in a View and called it in another, but the parameter fails.
Here's the function I'm calling
def load_colmeias(request):
apiario = request.GET.get('apiario')
if apiario != "":
colmeias = Colmeia.objects.filter(apiario=apiario)
return render(request, 'colmeias_choices.html', {'colmeias': colmeias})
else:
return render(request, 'colmeias_choices.html')
Here I call her
load_colmeias(request)
But the following error occurs
NameError: name 'request' is not defined
I already imported the "urlib" and "requests" libraries but it always gives the same error:
AttributeError: module has no attribute 'GET'
Can someone help me ?? I'm new to Python/Django and I'm still learning how to do things

Check if you have requests installed:
import requests
r=requests.get("https://automatetheboringstuff.com/files/rj.txt")
print(len(r.text))
Now, check:
In load_colmeias(request), make sure the parameter is actually request and not requests throughout.
Your filename is not requests.py; otherwise you would be importing your own file.

request and requests are two different things, one without 's' is a parameter and with 's' is a method. to use requests you have to import requests library this is a third party library to fetch data from an API.
if you want to call this function you have to make a request through an API. create an API for this function and then make a request.
your views.py file:
def load_colmeias(request):
apiario = request.GET.get('apiario')
if apiario != "":
colmeias = Colmeia.objects.filter(apiario=apiario)
return render(request, 'colmeias_choices.html', {'colmeias': colmeias})
else:
return render(request, 'colmeias_choices.html')
Your urls.py file:
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('load_colmeias', views.load_colmeias)
]
Now your API is:
http://127.0.0.1:8000/load_colmeias?apiario=1234
make sure you have used the correct port in the api and have started the server before making the request and pass the correct value of apiario.
There is another way to call this function by using requests library:
import requests
res = requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:8000/load_colmeias?apiario=1234')
print(res.text)
you can use this in any file and call your function like this using this library again the server must be running and pass the correct value of apiario.
Well if you are passing a request parameter then you have to make the request. You can't call it the way you have shown.

I SOLVED THE PROBLEM !! Basically, I just created a function that calls another function and passed the same argument to both... As can be seen below:
def load_colmeias(request):
return carregar_colmeia(request)
I don't know if it's recommended, but it solved my problem of having to rewrite the same code in multiple views.

python/chatterbot: get_response different behaviour on print and saving in dict

Currently I'm having a problem setting up a simple REST service with flask and a chatterbot. You can see the full code here.
The goal is, that the service returns a json with a response from the chatbot to a given request.
The problem is, that when I want to save the response from the chatbot in a dict:
dialog = {
"id": 1,
"usersay": request,
# chatterbot function to get a response from the bot
"botsay": chatbot.get_response(request)
}
It will be saved as a chatterbot special Statement Object like which will then look like this:
"botsay": <Statement text:bot response>
When I try to jsonify a dict with this object I get the following error:
TypeError: Can't convert 'Statement' object to str implicitly
I searched online to find a solution but havent found anything helpful. In addition, I'm not experienced with python.
What is absolutely unexplainable for me is, when I use
>>> request = "Hi"
>>> print(chatbot.get_response(request))
I will get the correct output
> Hello
I just want to save the plain response in the dict so can I return it as a json to the client.
Could anyone explain the problem?
Thanks in advance!

Problem solved by simple accessing the "text" attribute of the Statement Object with the . notation (see heere).
>>> response = chatterbot.get_response("Hi")
>>> dialog = { ..., "botsay" = response.text, ... }
>>> print dialog
{ ..., "botsay": "Hello", ...}

How to convert suds object to xml string

This is a duplicate to this question:
How to convert suds object to xml
But the question has not been answered: "totxt" is not an attribute on the Client class.
Unfortunately I lack of reputation to add comments. So I ask again:
Is there a way to convert a suds object to its xml?
I ask this because I already have a system that consumes wsdl files and sends data to a webservice. But now the customers want to alternatively store the XML as files (to import them later manually). So all I need are 2 methods for writing data: One writes to a webservice (implemented and tested), the other (not implemented yet) writes to files.
If only I could make something like this:
xml_as_string = My_suds_object.to_xml()
The following code is just an example and does not run. And it's not elegant. Doesn't matter. I hope you get the idea what I want to achieve:
I have the function "write_customer_obj_webservice" that works. Now I want to write the function "write_customer_obj_xml_file".
import suds
def get_customer_obj():
wsdl_url = r'file:C:/somepathhere/Customer.wsdl'
service_url = r'http://someiphere/Customer'
c = suds.client.Client(wsdl_url, location=service_url)
customer = c.factory.create("ns0:CustomerType")
return customer
def write_customer_obj_webservice(customer):
wsdl_url = r'file:C:/somepathhere/Customer.wsdl'
service_url = r'http://someiphere/Customer'
c = suds.client.Client(wsdl_url, location=service_url)
response = c.service.save(someparameters, None, None, customer)
return response
def write_customer_obj_xml_file(customer):
output_filename = r'C\temp\testxml'
# The following line is the problem. "to_xml" does not exist and I can't find a way to do it.
xml = customer.to_xml()
fo = open(output_filename, 'a')
try:
fo.write(xml)
except:
raise
else:
response = 'All ok'
finally:
fo.close()
return response
# Get the customer object always from the wsdl.
customer = get_customer_obj()
# Since customer is an object, setting it's attributes is very easy. There are very complex objects in this system.
customer.name = "Doe J."
customer.age = 42
# Write the new customer to a webservice or store it in a file for later proccessing
if later_processing:
response = write_customer_obj_xml_file(customer)
else:
response = write_customer_obj_webservice(customer)

I found a way that works for me. The trick is to create the Client with the option "nosend=True".
In the documentation it says:
nosend - Create the soap envelope but don't send. When specified, method invocation returns a RequestContext instead of sending it.
The RequestContext object has the attribute envelope. This is the XML as string.
Some pseudo code to illustrate:
c = suds.client.Client(url, nosend=True)
customer = c.factory.create("ns0:CustomerType")
customer.name = "Doe J."
customer.age = 42
response = c.service.save(someparameters, None, None, customer)
print response.envelope # This prints the XML string that would have been sent.

You have some issues in write_customer_obj_xml_file function:
Fix bad path:
output_filename = r'C:\temp\test.xml'
The following line is the problem. "to_xml" does not exist and I can't find a way to do it.
What's the type of customer? type(customer)?
xml = customer.to_xml() # to be continued...
Why mode='a'? ('a' => append, 'w' => create + write)
Use a with statement (file context manager).
with open(output_filename, 'w') as fo:
fo.write(xml)
Don't need to return a response string: use an exception manager. The exception to catch can be EnvironmentError.
Analyse
The following call:
customer = c.factory.create("ns0:CustomerType")
Construct a CustomerType on the fly, and return a CustomerType instance customer.
I think you can introspect your customer object, try the following:
vars(customer) # display the object attributes
help(customer) # display an extensive help about your instance
Another way is to try the WSDL URLs by hands, and see the XML results.
You may obtain the full description of your CustomerType object.
And then?
Then, with the attributes list, you can create your own XML. Use an XML template and fill it with the object attributes.
You may also found the magic function (to_xml) which do the job for you. But, not sure the XML format matches your need.

client = Client(url)
client.factory.create('somename')
# The last XML request by client
client.last_sent()
# The last XML response from Web Service
client.last_received()

Getting specific value from dict

I have a view for getting a soap response (using suds)
The output I get is formatted like this:
('birthdate', None)('updated', datetime.date(2014, 7, 11))('connected_to', Test1,Test2)
My view code is like this:
def view_webservice(request):
#Url to WSDL file
url = 'https://www.domain.com/webservices.nsf/MemberService?WSDL'
imp = Import('http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/')
doctor = ImportDoctor(imp)
client = Client(url, username='****', password='****', doctor=doctor)
user_id='000001'
result = client.service.readMember(userId=user_id)
return HttpResponse(result) #Output: ('birthdate', None)('updated', datetime.date(2014, 7, 11))('connected_to', Test1,Test2)
I have tried getting a value like this:
birthdate = result.get('birthdate') (error: MemberRead instance has no attribute 'get') birthdate = result('birthdate') (error: MemberRead instance has no call method)
What is the correct way of getting the value?
Edit:
My traceback of result is:
(MedlemRead){
birthdate = None
updated = 2014-07-11
connected_to = "Test1,Test2"
}
Edit 2:
The answer was doing: result.birthdate

SOAP is Simple Object Access Protocol, so the things you get back are objects. That's why the WSDL has such strict definitions of types of values to be sent and what to expect back.
Luckily, suds and other SOAP libraries take care of the mundane details for you and return to you a fully animated object of the correct type.
To access any values, you need to treat the response as an object; which means in your case the answer is result.birthdate.
Keep in mind that the returned object will have the correct types of data as well. So if you are expecting a custom nested object, you'll have to access it correctly.

SUDS - programmatic access to methods and types

I'm investigating SUDS as a SOAP client for python. I want to inspect the methods available from a specified service, and the types required by a specified method.
The aim is to generate a user interface, allowing users to select a method, then fill in values in a dynamically generated form.
I can get some information on a particular method, but am unsure how to parse it:
client = Client(url)
method = client.sd.service.methods['MyMethod']
I am unable to programmaticaly figure out what object type I need to create to be able to call the service
obj = client.factory.create('?')
res = client.service.MyMethod(obj, soapheaders=authen)
Does anyone have some sample code?

Okay, so SUDS does quite a bit of magic.
A suds.client.Client, is built from a WSDL file:
client = suds.client.Client("http://mssoapinterop.org/asmx/simple.asmx?WSDL")
It downloads the WSDL and creates a definition in client.wsdl. When you call a method using SUDS via client.service.<method> it's actually doing a whole lot of recursive resolve magic behind the scenes against that interpreted WSDL. To discover the parameters and types for methods you'll need to introspect this object.
For example:
for method in client.wsdl.services[0].ports[0].methods.values():
print '%s(%s)' % (method.name, ', '.join('%s: %s' % (part.type, part.name) for part in method.soap.input.body.parts))
This should print something like:
echoInteger((u'int', http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema): inputInteger)
echoFloatArray((u'ArrayOfFloat', http://soapinterop.org/): inputFloatArray)
echoVoid()
echoDecimal((u'decimal', http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema): inputDecimal)
echoStructArray((u'ArrayOfSOAPStruct', http://soapinterop.org/xsd): inputStructArray)
echoIntegerArray((u'ArrayOfInt', http://soapinterop.org/): inputIntegerArray)
echoBase64((u'base64Binary', http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema): inputBase64)
echoHexBinary((u'hexBinary', http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema): inputHexBinary)
echoBoolean((u'boolean', http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema): inputBoolean)
echoStringArray((u'ArrayOfString', http://soapinterop.org/): inputStringArray)
echoStruct((u'SOAPStruct', http://soapinterop.org/xsd): inputStruct)
echoDate((u'dateTime', http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema): inputDate)
echoFloat((u'float', http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema): inputFloat)
echoString((u'string', http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema): inputString)
So the first element of the part's type tuple is probably what you're after:
>>> client.factory.create(u'ArrayOfInt')
(ArrayOfInt){
_arrayType = ""
_offset = ""
_id = ""
_href = ""
_arrayType = ""
}
Update:
For the Weather service it appears that the "parameters" are a part with an element not a type:
>>> client = suds.client.Client('http://www.webservicex.net/WeatherForecast.asmx?WSDL')
>>> client.wsdl.services[0].ports[0].methods.values()[0].soap.input.body.parts[0].element
(u'GetWeatherByZipCode', http://www.webservicex.net)
>>> client.factory.create(u'GetWeatherByZipCode')
(GetWeatherByZipCode){
ZipCode = None
}
But this is magic'd into the parameters of the method call (a la client.service.GetWeatherByZipCode("12345"). IIRC this is SOAP RPC binding style? I think there's enough information here to get you started. Hint: the Python command line interface is your friend!

According to suds documentation, you can inspect service object with __str()__. So the following gets a list of methods and complex types:
from suds.client import Client;
url = 'http://www.webservicex.net/WeatherForecast.asmx?WSDL'
client = Client(url)
temp = str(client);
The code above produces following result (contents of temp):
Suds ( https://fedorahosted.org/suds/ ) version: 0.3.4 (beta) build: R418-20081208
Service ( WeatherForecast ) tns="http://www.webservicex.net"
Prefixes (1)
ns0 = "http://www.webservicex.net"
Ports (2):
(WeatherForecastSoap)
Methods (2):
GetWeatherByPlaceName(xs:string PlaceName, )
GetWeatherByZipCode(xs:string ZipCode, )
Types (3):
ArrayOfWeatherData
WeatherData
WeatherForecasts
(WeatherForecastSoap12)
Methods (2):
GetWeatherByPlaceName(xs:string PlaceName, )
GetWeatherByZipCode(xs:string ZipCode, )
Types (3):
ArrayOfWeatherData
WeatherData
WeatherForecasts
This would be much easier to parse. Also every method is listed with their parameters along with their types. You could, probably, even use just regular expression to extract information you need.

Here's a quick script I wrote based on the above information to list the input methods suds reports as available on a WSDL. Pass in the WSDL URL. Works for the project I'm currently on, I can't guarantee it for yours.
import suds
def list_all(url):
client = suds.client.Client(url)
for service in client.wsdl.services:
for port in service.ports:
methods = port.methods.values()
for method in methods:
print(method.name)
for part in method.soap.input.body.parts:
part_type = part.type
if(not part_type):
part_type = part.element[0]
print(' ' + str(part.name) + ': ' + str(part_type))
o = client.factory.create(part_type)
print(' ' + str(o))

You can access suds's ServiceDefinition object. Here's a quick sample:
from suds.client import Client
c = Client('http://some/wsdl/link')
types = c.sd[0].types
Now, if you want to know the prefixed name of a type, it's also quite easy:
c.sd[0].xlate(c.sd[0].types[0][0])
This double bracket notation is because the types are a list (hence a first [0]) and then in each item on this list there may be two items. However, suds's internal implementation of __unicode__ does exactly that (i.e. takes only the first item on the list):
s.append('Types (%d):' % len(self.types))
for t in self.types:
s.append(indent(4))
s.append(self.xlate(t[0]))
Happy coding ;)

Once you created WSDL method object you can get information about it from it's __metadata__, including list of it's arguments' names.
Given the argument's name, you can access it's actual instance in the method created. That instance also contains it's information in __metadata__, there you can get it's type name
# creating method object
method = client.factory.create('YourMethod')
# getting list of arguments' names
arg_names = method.__metadata__.ordering
# getting types of those arguments
types = [method.__getitem__(arg).__metadata__.sxtype.name for arg in arg_names]
Disclaimer: this only works with complex WSDL types. Simple types, like strings and numbers, are defaulted to None

from suds.client import Client
url = 'http://localhost:1234/sami/2009/08/reporting?wsdl'
client = Client(url)
functions = [m for m in client.wsdl.services[0].ports[0].methods]
count = 0
for function_name in functions:
print (function_name)
count+=1
print ("\nNumber of services exposed : " ,count)

i needed an example of using suds with objects.
beside the answers found here, i found a very good article
that answered my question even further.
here is a short summary:
first, print the client to see an overview of it's content.
from suds.client import Client client =
Client("https://wsvc.cdiscount.com/MarketplaceAPIService.svc?wsdl")
print client
second, create an instance of a type (using it's name including it's prefix ns*.), and print it, to see it's member data.
HeaderMessage = client.factory.create('ns0:HeaderMessage')
print HeaderMessage
to fill your object's data members, either assign them a scalar value for scalar members, or a dict, to object members.
HeaderMessage.Context = {
"CatalogID": "XXXXX"
"CustomerID": 'XXXXX'
"SiteID": 123
}
members whose type name start with ArrayOf expect a list of objects of the type mentioned in the rest of the type name.
ArrayOfDomainRights = client.factory.create('ns0:ArrayOfDomainRights')
ArrayOfDomainRights.DomainRights = [XXXXXXXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXXX]

i needed an example of using suds with objects.
beside the answers found here, i found a very good article
that answered my question even further.
here is a short summary:
first, print the client to see an overview of it's content.
from suds.client import Client client =
Client("https://wsvc.cdiscount.com/MarketplaceAPIService.svc?wsdl")
print client
second, create an instance of a type (using it's name including it's prefix ns*.), and print it, to see it's member data.
HeaderMessage = client.factory.create('ns0:HeaderMessage')
print HeaderMessage
to fill your object's data members, either assign them a scalar value for scalar members, or a dict, to object members.
HeaderMessage.Context = {
"CatalogID": "XXXXX"
"CustomerID": 'XXXXX'
"SiteID": 123
}
members whose type name start with ArrayOf expect a list of objects of the type mentioned in the rest of the type name.
ArrayOfDomainRights = client.factory.create('ns0:ArrayOfDomainRights')
ArrayOfDomainRights.DomainRights = [XXXXXXXXXXXXX, XXXXXXXXXXXX]