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exception error rising in installing virtualenv

I'm trying to install python virtualenv.
So i ran the command
pip install virtualenv
and I met these errors.
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-9.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-9.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/commands/install.py", line 342, in run
prefix=options.prefix_path,
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-9.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_set.py", line 784, in install
**kwargs
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-9.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_install.py", line 851, in install
self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root, prefix=prefix)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-9.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_install.py", line 1064, in move_wheel_files
isolated=self.isolated,
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-9.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/wheel.py", line 345, in move_wheel_files
clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-9.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/wheel.py", line 323, in clobber
shutil.copyfile(srcfile, destfile)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 83, in copyfile
with open(dst, 'wb') as fdst:
IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/virtualenv.py'

You are installing the virtualenv package in a system level directory of a Mac. Mac uses an older Python (2.7.10) that comes pre-installed. To install the virtualenv package in the system directory you identified, you need to use sudo because writing to a system directory requires elevated privileges.
sudo pip install virtualenv
Another option is to install it to a user directory using the --user option.
pip install --user virtualenv

Try running it with sudo:
sudo pip install virtualenv
or else explicitly calling the python command
python -m pip install virtualenv

Error upgrading pip on Mac: IOError: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted: '/bin/pip'

I'm on OS X El Capitan 10.11.6 with homebrew installed python 2.7. I've removed and re-installed python via homebrew with no joy. pip can neither install site-packages or update itself.
Trying to upgrade pip and receive the following error:
$ pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
Using cached pip-9.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: pip
Found existing installation: pip 8.1.2
Uninstalling pip-8.1.2:
Successfully uninstalled pip-8.1.2
Rolling back uninstall of pip
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 317, in run
prefix=options.prefix_path,
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 742, in install
**kwargs
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 831, in install
self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root, prefix=prefix)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 1032, in move_wheel_files
isolated=self.isolated,
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 463, in move_wheel_files
generated.extend(maker.make(spec))
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py", line 372, in make
self._make_script(entry, filenames, options=options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py", line 276, in _make_script
self._write_script(scriptnames, shebang, script, filenames, ext)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py", line 250, in _write_script
self._fileop.write_binary_file(outname, script_bytes)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/util.py", line 405, in write_binary_file
with open(path, 'wb') as f:
IOError: [Errno 1] Operation not permitted: '/bin/pip'
You are using pip version 8.1.2, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

Found the answer here: Python: pip tries to install to /bin directory
I had a .pydistutils.cfg file in my home directory that was a workaround for something else (I forget what) and once removed it solved all my pip problems.

Python Version Dependency Issue - pip uninstall

I'm getting an error when I'm trying to uninstall matplotlib or upgrade pip. For example:
%pip install --upgrade pip
After it downloads pip and installs it, it tries to uninstall the old version. I get the error:
You are using pip version 7.1.0, however version 8.0.2 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
Collecting pip
Downloading pip-8.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.2MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.2MB 506kB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Found existing installation: pip 7.1.0
Uninstalling pip-7.1.0:
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/basecommand.py", line 223, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/commands/install.py", line 299, in run
root=options.root_path,
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_set.py", line 640, in install
requirement.uninstall(auto_confirm=True)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_install.py", line 726, in uninstall
paths_to_remove.remove(auto_confirm)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/req/req_uninstall.py", line 125, in remove
renames(path, new_path)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/pip/utils/__init__.py", line 314, in renames
shutil.move(old, new)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 300, in move
rmtree(src)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 247, in rmtree
rmtree(fullname, ignore_errors, onerror)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 252, in rmtree
onerror(os.remove, fullname, sys.exc_info())
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 250, in rmtree
os.remove(fullname)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-7.1.0-py2.7.egg/EGG-INFO/dependency_links.txt'
Any guidance would be appreciated.

Try this : sudo pip install --upgrade pip
Why sudo ? sudo is always run with superuser privileges (as root). Thus sudo has the ability to do some privileged tasks like calling system functions only allowed for root. Since you are getting a permission denied error, running the same command using sudo will not ask for permission since you are root

pip install permission error

I just recently re-installed Python 2 and Python 3 via homebrew and everything looked ok. However I updated pip3 as well as pip after installing python and then, when trying to install virtualenv, I get the below errors:
~> pip install virtualenv Collecting virtualenv Downloading virtualenv-13.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.7MB) 100% |
████████████████████████████████| 1.7MB 361kB/s Installing collected
packages: virtualenv Exception: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 211, in main status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 311, in run root=options.root_path, File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 646, in install **kwargs
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 803, in install self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 998, in move_wheel_files isolated=self.isolated, File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 479, in move_wheel_files maker.make_multiple(['%s = %s' % kv for kv in console.items()]) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py", line 364, in make_multiple filenames.extend(self.make(specification, options))
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py", line 353, in make self._make_script(entry, filenames, options=options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py", line 257, in _make_script self._write_script(scriptnames, shebang, script, filenames, ext) File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/scripts.py", line 231, in _write_script self._fileop.write_binary_file(outname, script_bytes)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pip/_vendor/distlib/util.py", line 388, in write_binary_file with open(path, 'wb') as f:
PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/bin/virtualenv'
pip freeze then seems to think virtualenv is installed but none of it's commands work.
Interestingly if I try to uninstall virtualenv it seems to have it attached to the Python 3 installed by brew installed of the Python 2 version brew installed.
Uninstalling virtualenv-13.1.2:
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/__pycache__/virtualenv.cpython-34.pyc
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv-13.1.2.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv-13.1.2.dist-info/METADATA
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv-13.1.2.dist-info/RECORD
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv-13.1.2.dist-info/WHEEL
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv-13.1.2.dist-info/entry_points.txt
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv-13.1.2.dist-info/metadata.json
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv-13.1.2.dist-info/pbr.json
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv-13.1.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv.py
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv_support/__init__.py
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv_support/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-34.pyc
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv_support/argparse-1.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv_support/setuptools-18.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/virtualenv_support/wheel-0.24.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Proceed (y/n)?
pip freeze gives me:
~> pip freeze
pbr==1.6.0
virtualenv==13.1.2
virtualenv-clone==0.2.6
wheel==0.24.0
so virtualenv already installed but doesn't work for some reason.

For python 2.7 I believe pip is referenced by pip2. Your permission error is easily fixed by running the command as sudo.

Ubuntu Installing Boto error

I've installed Python 2.7.9, and I'm trying to install Boto with pip install boto, but I receive this error:
Collecting boto
Using cached boto-2.36.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: boto
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 232, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 347, in run
root=options.root_path,
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 549, in install
**kwargs
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 754, in install
self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 963, in move_wheel_files
isolated=self.isolated,
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 234, in move_wheel_files
clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 205, in clobber
os.makedirs(destdir)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/boto'
I'm a first time Linux/Ubuntu user.

Try running the command as follows:
sudo pip install boto

First you need to install PIP then install boto library
If you want to use boto v2 then use
sudo apt-get install python-pip
pip install boto
If you want to install boto v3 which is latest and more powerful then use below command
pip install boto3
If you are using Python 3 and want to use the latest pip then use below commands
sudo apt-get install python3-pip
pip3 install boto