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Changing the display name of a file

How can I change the display name of a file using Python?
Details:
Using Mac OS X Mojave
Python 3.7
To be precise, I want to hide the file extension of a file so that textfile.txt is seen as textfile only, without actually removing the file extension.
EDIT:
The display name of a file looks like this:
And I want it to look like this:

What you want is
import os
print(os.path.splitext("/path/to/textfile.txt")[0])
The output will be
/path/to/textfile
EDIT:
from your last edit i figured that what you're looking for is to hide extensions directly in the OS using Python. Well, this is more a task to do modifying your system settings, i don't think that you will be able to change this type of system settings directly from Python.

how to modify txt file properties with python

I am trying to make a python program that creates and writes in a txt file.
the program works, but I want it to cross the "hidden" thing in the txt file's properties, so that the txt can't be seen without using the python program I made. I have no clues how to do that, please understand I am a beginner in python.

I'm not 100% sure but I don't think you can do this in Python. I'd suggest finding a simple Visual Basic script and running it from your Python file.

Assuming you mean the file-properties, where you can set a file as "hidden". Like in Windows as seen in screenshot below:
Use operating-system's command-line from Python
For example in Windows command-line attrib +h Secret_File.txt to hide a file in CMD.
import subprocess
subprocess.run(["attrib", "+h", "Secret_File.txt"])
See also:
How to execute a program or call a system command?
Directly call OS functions (Windows)
import ctypes
path = "my_hidden_file.txt"
ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetFileAttributesW(path, 2)
See also:
Hide Folders/ File with Python
Rename the file (Linux)
import os
filename = "my_hidden_file.txt"
os.rename(filename, '.'+filename) # the prefix dot means hidden in Linux
See also:
How to rename a file using Python

How to write OS X Finder Comments from python?

I'm working on a python script that creates numerous images files based on a variety of inputs in OS X Yosemite. I am trying to write the inputs used to create each file as 'Finder comments' as each file is created so that IF the the output is visually interesting I can look at the specific input values that generated the file. I've verified that this can be done easily with apple script.
tell application "Finder" to set comment of (POSIX file "/Users/mgarito/Desktop/Random_Pixel_Color/2015-01-03_14.04.21.png" as alias) to {Val1, Val2, Val3} as Unicode text
Afterward, upon selecting the file and showing its info (cmd+i) the Finder comments clearly display the expected text 'Val1, Val2, Val2'.
This is further confirmed by running mdls [File/Path/Name] before and after the applescript is used which clearly shows the expected text has been properly added.
The problem is I can't figure out how to incorporate this into my python script to save myself.
Im under the impression the solution should* be something to the effect of:
VarList = [Var1, Var2, Var3]
Fiele = [File/Path/Name]
file.os.system.add(kMDItemFinderComment, VarList)
As a side note I've also look at xattr -w [Attribute_Name] [Attribute_Value] [File/Path/Name] but found that though this will store the attribute, it is not stored in the desired location. Instead it ends up in an affiliated pList which is not what I'm after.

Here is my way to do that.
First you need to install applescript package using pip install applescript command.
Here is a function to add comments to a file:
def set_comment(file_path, comment_text):
import applescript
applescript.tell.app("Finder", f'set comment of (POSIX file "{file_path}" as alias) to "{comment_text}" as Unicode text')
and then I'm just using it like this:
set_comment('/Users/UserAccountName/Pictures/IMG_6860.MOV', 'my comment')

After more digging, I was able to locate a python applescript bundle: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/py-applescript
This got me to a workable answer, though I'd still prefer to do this natively in python if anyone has a better option?
import applescript
NewFile = '[File/Path/Name]' <br>
Comment = "Almost there.."
AddComment = applescript.AppleScript('''
on run {arg1, arg2}
tell application "Finder" to set comment of (POSIX file arg1 as alias) to arg2 as Unicode text
return
end run
''')
print(AddComment.run(NewFile, Comment))
print("Done")

This is the function to get comment of a file.
def get_comment(file_path):
import applescript
return applescript.tell.app("Finder", f'get comment of (POSIX file "{file_path}" as alias)').out
print(get_comment('Your Path'))

Another approach is to use appscript, a high-level Apple event bridge that is sadly no longer officially supported but still works (and saw an updated release in Jan. 2021). Here is an example of reading and setting the comment on a file:
import appscript
import mactypes
# Get a handle on the Finder.
finder = appscript.app('Finder')
# Tell Finder to select the file.
file = finder.items[mactypes.Alias("/path/to/a/file")]
# Print the current comment
comment = file.comment()
print("Current comment: " + comment)
# Set a new comment.
file.comment.set("New comment")
# Print the current comment again to verify.
comment = file.comment()
print("Current comment: " + comment)
Despite that the author of appscript recommends against using it in new projects, I used it recently to create a command-line utility called Urial for the specialized purpose of writing and updating URIs in Finder comments. Perhaps its code can serve as an an additional example of using appscript to manipulate Finder comments.

Read registry value with python problems

I feel like I am taking crazy pills. So for security on an api at work I am using, I have to read 2 things from the registry, that I then pass to suds. The problem is with reading the registry values. No matter what I do, I get "Error2 the system cannot find the file specified". I know that the registry file is there, yet it won't let me read it. I have tried the code below on 2 different 2008 r2 servers. On one windows 7 box, I am able to read the values...but only on one machine. Below is the code, with the actual directory I need changed(to protect anonymity)
from _winreg import *
key = OpenKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, r"Software\a\b", 0, KEY_ALL_ACCESS)
devguid = QueryValueEx(key, "DeviceID")
devid = QueryValueEx(key, "DeviceGUID")
devnm = socket.gethostname()
If I change the directory to something other than \a\b, it works fine. I have verified that the permissions on these directories are the exact same as directories I can read from.
Also, I can run the following command from cmd and get the output I need:
reg query HKLM\software\a\b /v DeviceGUID
But when I run it from a python script, it says cannot find file specified.
import os
cmd = "reg query HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\software\a\b /v DeviceGUID"
a = os.system(cmd)
print a
Running my script as admin or anything doesn't help. For some reason, python is unable to try and ready registry....

First of all you do need to make sure that your backslashes are suitably escaped, or use raw strings as per the first code sample. I'm going to assume that you've done that.
The most likely explanation is that you use 32 bit Python on a 64 bit system. And so are subject to the registry redirector serving up the 32 bit view of the registry.
Either use 64 bit Python, or specifically open they key with a 64 bit view. Do the latter by specifying the KEY_WOW64_64KEY flag.

Finding the user's "My Documents" path

I have this small program and it needs to create a small .txt file in their 'My Documents' Folder. Here's the code I have for that:
textfile=open('C:\Users\MYNAME\Documents','w')
lines=['stuff goes here']
textfile.writelines(lines)
textfile.close()
The problem is that if other people use it, how do I change the MYNAME to their account name?

Use os.path.expanduser(path), see http://docs.python.org/library/os.path.html
e.g. expanduser('~/filename')
This works on both Unix and Windows, according to the docs.
Edit: forward slash due to Sven's comment.

This works without any extra libs:
import ctypes.wintypes
CSIDL_PERSONAL = 5 # My Documents
SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT = 0 # Get current, not default value
buf= ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(ctypes.wintypes.MAX_PATH)
ctypes.windll.shell32.SHGetFolderPathW(None, CSIDL_PERSONAL, None, SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT, buf)
print(buf.value)
Also works if documents location and/or default save location is changed by user.

On Windows, you can use something similar what is shown in the accepted answer to the question: Python, get windows special folders for currently logged-in user.
For the My Documents folder path, useshellcon.CSIDL_PERSONALin the shell.SHGetFolderPath() function call instead of shellcon.CSIDL_MYPICTURES.
So, assuming you have the PyWin32 extensions1 installed, this might work (see caveat in Update section below):
>>> from win32com.shell import shell, shellcon
>>> shell.SHGetFolderPath(0, shellcon.CSIDL_PERSONAL, None, 0)
u'<path\\to\\folder>'
Update: I just read something that said that CSIDL_PERSONAL won't return the correct folder if the user has changed the default save folder in the Win7 Documents library. This is referring to what you can do in library's Properties dialog:
The checkmark means that the path is set as the default save location.
I currently am unware of a way to call the SHLoadLibraryFromKnownFolder() function through PyWin32 (there currently isn't a shell.SHLoadLibraryFromKnownFolder. However it should be possible to do so using the ctypes module.
1Installers for the latest versions of the Python for Windows Extensions are currently available from: http://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32