How to install a module on Python? - python

Okay, so, I'm actually a beginner in programming Python, and I only found out yesterday how you were supposed to encode pip install ModuleName in the Python command line and not in the interactive shell. I'm trying to download a lot of modules, such as the Send2Trash module, Pyperclip, Requests, Beautiful Soup, and Selenium.
Before I checked the forums about installing modules, I found out how we needed to have the pip tool. I'm a Windows user, but for some reason, I didn't have the 'Scripts' folder installed when I downloaded Python. I didn't know we needed it, so I used raw scripts from GitHub, setup.py, and copy pasted the script into the File Editor in Python, ran it in the interactive shell, and tried to import the module I needed. It worked for the Pyperclip and the Requests module; no errors popped up after I imported them using import pyperclip or import requests, but when I tried the same procedure for the rest of the modules I needed, there were some errors.
Also, when I tried to download the modules on pypi.python.org, I tried to open it using the interactive shell, but then something pops up, 'The file's encoding is invalid for Python3.x...', and when I click 'OK', it's going to say 'Failed to Decode', and close everything.
So, after reading forum after forum, I found out how to download pip, and was also able to download setuptools and wheel. I'm not sure if it's really already downloaded, but I was able to get the 'Scripts' folder that wasn't there before, so I guess so. I also already went into my PATH using the edit environment for your account thing, and I edited the Path variable so its value would lead to my 'Scripts' folder. Please do tell me if I did the right thing here.
So, following the advice of the forums, I tried to install the modules I needed by typing pip install ModuleName in the Python command line instead of the interactive shell, but it still gave me a Syntax Error. I also tried it in Command Prompt, typing the same code pip install ModuleName, but when I clicked Enter, nothing happens; no errors or anything. It seemed like my install was accepted, but when I tried importing the module in the interactive shell, it still gave an Import Error.
Please tell me what I did wrong throughout my process, and how to properly install the modules I need. I would include pictures into this, but it seems I can only add two before my reputation becomes 10, and I'm pretty new here, so... If there's anything I need to elaborate on about my problem, don't hesitate to ask, and I'll try my best.

You say you use windows so you need to understand pip.
pip is a program that installs python modules. You can even use easy_install instead of pip.
some pip commands
pip list -- lists out already installed modules.
pip search <module name> -- searches new modules.
pip -h -- more pip commands you want.
pip installs modules from CMD prompt not from python shell.
Even after installing modules some modules doesn't run as import module
they need to be imported as from module import function.
refer the pip help command and install modules.
DO NOT SAVE SCRIPT FILES IN PYTHON ROOT FOLDER YOU MAY FACE SOME PROBLEMS
Happy Programming!!!

After a whole lot of searching and trying out, I found the solution to my problem. For future Python users who encounter the same thing: always install your modules in the root folder.
In my case, my Command Prompt was automatically inside the C:\Users folder, which caused some problems because I couldn't download my module in there. Once I typed in cd C:\Python34, which was my root folder, I could successfully download the modules I needed using pip install ModuleName.

Related

No module named 'stix2' [duplicate]

After installing mechanize, I don't seem to be able to import it.
I have tried installing from pip, easy_install, and via python setup.py install from this repo: https://github.com/abielr/mechanize. All of this to no avail, as each time I enter my Python interactive I get:
Python 2.7.3 (default, Aug 1 2012, 05:14:39)
[GCC 4.6.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import mechanize
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named mechanize
>>>
The installations I ran previously reported that they had completed successfully, so I expect the import to work. What could be causing this error?
In my case, it is permission problem. The package was somehow installed with root rw permission only, other user just cannot rw to it!
I had the same problem: script with import colorama was throwing an ImportError, but sudo pip install colorama was telling me "package already installed".
My fix: run pip without sudo: pip install colorama. Then pip agreed it needed to be installed, installed it, and my script ran. Or even better, use python -m pip install <package>. The benefit of this is, since you are executing the specific version of python that you want the package in, pip will unequivocally install the package into the "right" python. Again, don't use sudo in this case... then you get the package in the right place, but possibly with (unwanted) root permissions.
My environment is Ubuntu 14.04 32-bit; I think I saw this before and after I activated my virtualenv.
I was able to correct this issue with a combined approach. First, I followed Chris' advice, opened a command line and typed 'pip show packagename'
This provided the location of the installed package.
Next, I opened python and typed 'import sys', then 'sys.path' to show where my python searches for any packages I import. Alas, the location shown in the first step was NOT in the list.
Final step, I typed 'sys.path.append('package_location_seen_in_step_1'). You optionally can repeat step two to see the location is now in the list.
Test step, try to import the package again... it works.
The downside? It is temporary, and you need to add it to the list each time.
It's the python path problem.
In my case, I have python installed in:
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/bin/python,
and there is no site-packages directory within the python2.6.
The package(SOAPpy) I installed by pip is located
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/
And site-package is not in the python path, all I did is add site-packages to PYTHONPATH permanently.
Open up Terminal
Type open .bash_profile
In the text file that pops up, add this line at the end:
export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/
Save the file, restart the Terminal, and you're done
The Python import mechanism works, really, so, either:
Your PYTHONPATH is wrong,
Your library is not installed where you think it is
You have another library with the same name masking this one
I have been banging my head against my monitor on this until a young-hip intern told me the secret is to "python setup.py install" inside the module directory.
For some reason, running the setup from there makes it just work.
To be clear, if your module's name is "foo":
[burnc7 (2016-06-21 15:28:49) git]# ls -l
total 1
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 118 Jun 21 15:22 foo
[burnc7 (2016-06-21 15:28:51) git]# cd foo
[burnc7 (2016-06-21 15:28:53) foo]# ls -l
total 2
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 93 Jun 21 15:23 foo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 416 May 31 12:26 setup.py
[burnc7 (2016-06-21 15:28:54) foo]# python setup.py install
<--snip-->
If you try to run setup.py from any other directory by calling out its path, you end up with a borked install.
DOES NOT WORK:
python /root/foo/setup.py install
DOES WORK:
cd /root/foo
python setup.py install
I encountered this while trying to use keyring which I installed via sudo pip install keyring. As mentioned in the other answers, it's a permissions issue in my case.
What worked for me:
Uninstalled keyring:
sudo pip uninstall keyring
I used sudo's -H option and reinstalled keyring:
sudo -H pip install keyring
In PyCharm, I fixed this issue by changing the project interpreter path.
File -> Settings -> Project -> Project Interpreter
File -> Invalidate Caches… may be required afterwards.
I couldn't get my PYTHONPATH to work properly. I realized adding export fixed the issue:
(did work)
export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:~/test/site-packages
vs.
(did not work)
PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:~/test/site-packages
This problem can also occur with a relocated virtual environment (venv).
I had a project with a venv set up inside the root directory. Later I created a new user and decided to move the project to this user. Instead of moving only the source files and installing the dependencies freshly, I moved the entire project along with the venv folder to the new user.
After that, the dependencies that I installed were getting added to the global site-packages folder instead of the one inside the venv, so the code running inside this env was not able to access those dependencies.
To solve this problem, just remove the venv folder and recreate it again, like so:
$ deactivate
$ rm -rf venv
$ python3 -m venv venv
$ source venv/bin/activate
$ pip install -r requirements.txt
Something that worked for me was:
python -m pip install -user {package name}
The command does not require sudo. This was tested on OSX Mojave.
In my case I had run pip install Django==1.11 and it would not import from the python interpreter.
Browsing through pip's commands I found pip show which looked like this:
> pip show Django
Name: Django
Version: 1.11
...
Location: /usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages
...
Notice the location says '3.4'. I found that the python-command was linked to python2.7
/usr/bin> ls -l python
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Mar 14 15:48 python -> python2.7
Right next to that I found a link called python3 so I used that. You could also change the link to python3.4. That would fix it, too.
In my case it was a problem with a missing init.py file in the module, that I wanted to import in a Python 2.7 environment.
Python 3.3+ has Implicit Namespace Packages that allow it to create a packages without an init.py file.
Had this problem too.. the package was installed on Python 3.8.0 but VS Code was running my script using an older version (3.4)
fix in terminal:
py .py
Make sure you're installing the package on the right Python Version
I had colorama installed via pip and I was getting "ImportError: No module named colorama"
So I searched with "find", found the absolute path and added it in the script like this:
import sys
sys.path.append("/usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/")
import colorama
And it worked.
I had just the same problem, and updating setuptools helped:
python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel
After that, reinstall the package, and it should work fine :)
The thing is, the package is built incorrectly if setuptools is old.
If the other answers mentioned do not work for you, try deleting your pip cache and reinstalling the package. My machine runs Ubuntu14.04 and it was located under ~/.cache/pip. Deleting this folder did the trick for me.
Also, make sure that you do not confuse pip3 with pip. What I found was that package installed with pip was not working with python3 and vice-versa.
I had similar problem (on Windows) and the root cause in my case was ANTIVIRUS software! It has "Auto-Containment" feature, that wraps running process with some kind of a virtual machine.
Symptoms are: pip install somemodule works fine in one cmd-line window and import somemodule fails when executed from another process with the error
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'somemodule'
In my case (an Ubuntu 20.04 VM on WIN10 Host), I have a disordered situation with many version of Python installed and variuos point of Shared Library (installed with pip in many points of the File System). I'm referring to 3.8.10 Python version.
After many tests, I've found a suggestion searching with google (but' I'm sorry, I haven't the link). This is what I've done to resolve the problem :
From shell session on Ubuntu 20.04 VM, (inside the Home, in my case /home/hduser), I've started a Jupyter Notebook session with the command "jupyter notebook".
Then, when jupyter was running I've opened a .ipynb file to give commands.
First : pip list --> give me the list of packages installed, and, sympy
wasn't present (although I had installed it with "sudo pip install sympy"
command.
Last with the command !pip3 install sympy (inside jupyter notebook
session) I've solved the problem, here the screen-shot :
Now, with !pip list the package "sympy" is present, and working :
In my case, I assumed a package was installed because it showed up in the output of pip freeze. However, just the site-packages/*.dist-info folder is enough for pip to list it as installed despite missing the actual package contents (perhaps from an accidental deletion). This happens even when all the path settings are correct, and if you try pip install <pkg> it will say "requirement already satisfied".
The solution is to manually remove the dist-info folder so that pip realizes the package contents are missing. Then, doing a fresh install should re-populate anything that was accidentally removed
When you install via easy_install or pip, is it completing successfully? What is the full output? Which python installation are you using? You may need to use sudo before your installation command, if you are installing modules to a system directory (if you are using the system python installation, perhaps). There's not a lot of useful information in your question to go off of, but some tools that will probably help include:
echo $PYTHONPATH and/or echo $PATH: when importing modules, Python searches one of these environment variables (lists of directories, : delimited) for the module you want. Importing problems are often due to the right directory being absent from these lists
which python, which pip, or which easy_install: these will tell you the location of each executable. It may help to know.
Use virtualenv, like #JesseBriggs suggests. It works very well with pip to help you isolate and manage the modules and environment for separate Python projects.
I had this exact problem, but none of the answers above worked. It drove me crazy until I noticed that sys.path was different after I had imported from the parent project. It turned out that I had used importlib to write a little function in order to import a file not in the project hierarchy. Bad idea: I forgot that I had done this. Even worse, the import process mucked with the sys.path--and left it that way. Very bad idea.
The solution was to stop that, and simply put the file I needed to import into the project. Another approach would have been to put the file into its own project, as it needs to be rebuilt from time to time, and the rebuild may or may not coincide with the rebuild of the main project.
I had this problem with 2.7 and 3.5 installed on my system trying to test a telegram bot with Python-Telegram-Bot.
I couldn't get it to work after installing with pip and pip3, with sudo or without. I always got:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "telegram.py", line 2, in <module>
from telegram.ext import Updater
File "$USER/telegram.py", line 2, in <module>
from telegram.ext import Updater
ImportError: No module named 'telegram.ext'; 'telegram' is not a package
Reading the error message correctly tells me that python is looking in the current directory for a telegram.py. And right, I had a script lying there called telegram.py and this was loaded by python when I called import.
Conclusion, make sure you don't have any package.py in your current working dir when trying to import. (And read error message thoroughly).
I had a similar problem using Django. In my case, I could import the module from the Django shell, but not from a .py which imported the module.
The problem was that I was running the Django server (therefore, executing the .py) from a different virtualenv from which the module had been installed.
Instead, the shell instance was being run in the correct virtualenv. Hence, why it worked.
This Works!!!
This often happens when module is installed to an older version of python or another directory, no worries as solution is simple.
- import module from directory in which module is installed.
You can do this by first importing the python sys module then importing from the path in which the module is installed
import sys
sys.path.append("directory in which module is installed")
import <module_name>
Most of the possible cases have been already covered in solutions, just sharing my case, it happened to me that I installed a package in one environment (e.g. X) and I was importing the package in another environment (e.g. Y). So, always make sure that you're importing the package from the environment in which you installed the package.
For me it was ensuring the version of the module aligned with the version of Python I was using.. I built the image on a box with Python 3.6 and then injected into a Docker image that happened to have 3.7 installed, and then banging my head when Python was telling me the module wasn't installed...
36m for Python 3.6
bsonnumpy.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
37m for Python 3.7 bsonnumpy.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
I know this is a super old post but for me, I had an issue with a 32 bit python and 64 bit python installed. Once I uninstalled the 32 bit python, everything worked as it should.
I have solved my issue that same libraries were working fine in one project(A) but importing those same libraries in another project(B) caused error. I am using Pycharm as IDE at Windows OS.
So, after trying many potential solutions and failing to solve the issue, I did these two things (deleted "Venv" folder, and reconfigured interpreter):
1-In project(B), there was a folder named("venv"), located in External Libraries/. I deleted that folder.
2-Step 1 (deleting "venv" folder) causes error in Python Interpreter Configuration, and
there is a message shown at top of screen saying "Invalid python interpreter selected
for the project" and "configure python interpreter", select that link and it opens a
new window. There in "Project Interpreter" drop-down list, there is a Red colored line
showing previous invalid interpreter. Now, Open this list and select the Python
Interpreter(in my case, it is Python 3.7). Press "Apply" and "OK" at the bottom and you
are good to go.
Note: It was potentially the issue where Virtual Environment of my Project(B) was not recognizing the already installed and working libraries.

Trying to import GitHub module

I'm trying to import https://github.com/chrisconlan/algorithmic-trading-with-python in my code. I've never imported anything from GitHub before and have looked at various other questions that have been asked on Stack Overflow regarding this problem but it just doesn't work. When I try to run the 'portfolio.py' code for example I keep getting a ModuleNotFound error for 'pypm'. What exactly is the correct way to import such a module or the whole GitHub directory?
I'm working with Visual Studio Code on Windows.
You will need to pip install the module. In your case the command you would need to run is python -m pip install -U git+https://github.com/chrisconlan/algorithmic-trading-with-python. Once you have done that you need to find the name of the module. You can do this with pip list. Find the name of the module you just installed.
Then you just stick import <module name> at the top of your code with the rest of your imports.
What i used to do in this is to clone the repository on the folder where are installed the python's packages. This is useful when you do not want to use the pip cmd tool, keeping the pip's cache memory under control.

how to fix the "__path__ attribute not found" error for packages installed by pip installer?

I recently installed the opencv package using pip install and I wrote a small code to test it (cvtest.py). The code runs through the python idle shell but running it though the command prompt gives the error
Error while finding module specification for 'cvtest.py' (ModuleNotFoundError: __path__ attribute not found on 'cvtest' while trying to find 'cvtest.py')
I tried uninstalling and reinstalling both python and the package. looking up the system path using python -m site gives these results. I am the only user of my laptop.
sys.path = [
'C:\\Users\\Kareem Mostafa\\Desktop\\Assignments\\computer vision',
'G:\\Python37\\python37.zip',
'G:\\Python37\\DLLs',
'G:\\Python37\\lib',
'G:\\Python37',
'G:\\Python37\\lib\\site-packages',
This is the code I am using
import cv2
x=cv2.imread('backpack for sale.jpg',0)
cv2.imshow('x',x)
update: the problem is happening with all the py files I am having whether they require imports or not. apparently python is looking for _init_.py for all the files as if they are packages. Any idea what is going on?
For anyone else that had this problem (assuming kareemostafa has fixed it now!)
Removing the .py suffix on the python -m command fixes this problem, it appears -m only requires module names whereas running it directly as a python file (no -m option) requires the .py suffix
In your case python -m cvtest should be sufficient.

pip hangs after installing package

I'm using Python 3 on windows I'm trying to install a package from within a script.
The purpose is that I don't want to explain to the person I'm sending the script how to install the packages he needs, so I'm hoping to do it on the fly from within the script.
Here's my code:
import pip
pip.main(["install", 'pyetrade'])
import pyetrade
Everything installs correctly with pip.main, however it doesn't move on to "import pyetrade" or the rest of the code. It just hangs there.
Any ideas how to get around this? This also seems to happen when I use the command propt -- it seems to just hang after installation.

How to install apscheduler

I would like to use scheduler in my python program however I haven't been able to install it.
I tried with Easy_Install and PIP (neither of which I've used before) and I can't find a link for another method. I'm using Python 2.7 on Windows Vista
Since I've never used PIP before I had to install that first. After installing pip I went to command prompt, changed to the directory with pip and typed:
C:\Python27\Scripts>pip install apscheduler
It didn't come up with an error so I assumed it installed, however when I run my python program, which includes the line: from apscheduler.scheduler import Scheduler
it states:
ImportError: No module named apscheduler.scheduler
and when I look at the list of installed modules in Idle it's not there.
It's probably something obvious since I don't have a lot of experience in programming yet.
Help would be much appreciated!
sm
Hi again,
I got it working finally, in the end I didn't use PIP, in case other people need help this is what I did:
Downloaded the apscheduler tar.gz file
Downloaded 7-zip, since this can extract tar.gz files on Windows.
Extracted the tar.gz file using 7-zip, I had to do this twice since the first time I clicked extract it extracted to a .tar file (APScheduler-2.1.2.tar), it was necessary to extract this file as well.
Added C:python27\ to the windows path (this is in control panel->system & maintenance->system->advanced system settings->environment variables)
(I also added C:python27\scripts\ to the path, but not sure whether this makes a difference.
Opened command prompt and moved to the folder containing the extracted APScheduler files including the file named setup.py
In my case this was- C:\Python27\APScheduler\APScheduler-2.1.2\APScheduler-2.1.2\
In command prompt typed> python setup.py install
Hopefully this was everything, perhaps one day I'll delete everything and try again to check, but it took quite sometime to get it going so right now I think I'll leave it as is.

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