I am relatively new to programming and to python, but I think I have done ok so far. This is the code I have, and it works fine, except it gets the entire message in MIME format. I only want the text body of unread emails, but I can't quite figure it out how to strip out all of the formatting and header info. If I send a basic email using a smtp python script that I made it works fine, and only prints the body, but if I send the email using outlook it prints a bunch of extra garbage. Any help is very much appreciated.
client = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(PopServer)
client.login(USER, PASSWORD)
client.select('INBOX')
status, email_ids = client.search(None, '(UNSEEN SUBJECT "%s")' % PrintSubject)
print email_ids
client.store(email_ids[0].replace(' ',','),'+FLAGS','\Seen')
for email in get_emails(email_ids):
get_emails()
def get_emails(email_ids):
data = []
for e_id in email_ids[0].split():
_, response = client.fetch(e_id, '(UID BODY[TEXT])')
data.append(response[0][1])
return data
Sounds like you're looking for the email package:
The email package provides a standard parser that understands most email document structures, including MIME documents. You can pass the parser a string or a file object, and the parser will return to you the root Message instance of the object structure. For simple, non-MIME messages the payload of this root object will likely be a string containing the text of the message. For MIME messages, the root object will return True from its is_multipart() method, and the subparts can be accessed via the get_payload() and walk() methods.
Related
I've tried with no conclusions to resend emails with Python.
Once I've logged in SMTP and IMAP with TLS, this is what I have written:
status, data = self._imapserver.fetch(id, "(RFC822)")
email_data = data[0][1]
# create a Message instance from the email data
message = email.message_from_string(email_data)
# replace headers (could do other processing here)
message.replace_header("From", 'blablabla#bliblibli.com')
message.replace_header("To", 'blobloblo#blublublu.com')
self._smtpserver.sendmail('blablabla#bliblibli.com', 'blobloblo#blublublu.com', message.as_string())
But the problem is that the variable data doesn't catch the information from the email, even if the ID is the one I need.
It tells me:
b'The specified message set is invalid.'
How can I transfer an email with Python?
Like the error message says, whatever you have in id is invalid. We don't know what you put there, so all we can tell you is what's already in the error message.
(Also, probably don't use id as a variable name, as you will shadow the built-in function with the same name.)
There are additional bugs further on in your code; you need to use message_from_bytes if you want to parse it, though there is really no need to replace the headers just to resend it.
status, data = self._imapserver.fetch(correct_id, "(RFC822)")
self._smtpserver.sendmail('blablabla#bliblibli.com', 'blobloblo#blublublu.com', data[0][1])
If you want to parse the message, you should perhaps add a policy argument; this selects the modern EmailMessage API which was introduced in Python 3.6.
from email.policy import default
...
message = email.message_from_bytes(data[0][1], policy=default)
message["From"] = "blablabla#bliblibli.com"
message["To"] = "blobloblo#blublublu.com"
self._smtpserver.send_message(message)
The send_message method is an addition to the new API. If the message could contain other recipient headers like Cc:, Bcc: etc, perhaps using the good old sendmail method would be better, as it ignores the message's headers entirely.
I have been writing python code for small tool, wherein i am trying to fetch mails using python libraries imaplib and email.
code statement is something like below.
import imaplib
import email
mail = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('imap.server')
mail.login('userid#mail.com', 'password')
result, data = mail.uid('search', None, "ALL")
latest_email_uid = data[0].split()[-1]
result, data = mail.uid('fetch', latest_email_uid, '(RFC822)')
raw_email = data[0][1]
email_message = email.message_from_string(raw_email)
maintype = email_message_instance.get_content_maintype()
I am executing the script from different host machines simultaneously.
Problem that I am facing is, while fetching the mail body, for same incoming email, on first host mac maintype is evaluated as "text" whereas for other host machine, its evaluated as "multipart" during script execution.
Would like to know how these values are determined at runtime and if I always want maintype to be "multipart", what standard layout should I follow while writing email in email body.
From comments:
raw_email for both cases has raw html code with multiple values. all most all html code is same except few differences. For maintype=multipart, Content-Type="multipart/alternative", boundary tag is present. For maintype=text, Content-Type="text/html", boundary field is not present
Well, that answers the question. get_content_maintype returns first part of the Content-Type, which is multipart for multipart/alternative and text for text/html.
multiplart/alternative means there are multiple alternative versions of the email. Usually, that is html + text. Emails are often sent that way, because then they can be read by any client (the text part), but will still contain HTML formatting which will be used in clients which support it.
Apparently one of the emails was sent with both html and text, whereas the other contains only html.
hi everyone I am using a script which involves:
import oauth2 as oauth
import oauth2.clients.imap as imaplib
import email
conn = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('imap.googlemail.com')
conn.debug = 4
# This is the only thing in the API for impaplib.IMAP4_SSL that has
# changed. You now authenticate with the URL, consumer, and token.
conn.authenticate(url, consumer, token)
# Once authenticated everything from the impalib.IMAP4_SSL class will
# work as per usual without any modification to your code.
conn.select('[Gmail]/All Mail')
response, item_ids = conn.search(None, "SINCE", "01-Jan-2011")
item_ids = item_ids[0].split()
# Now iterate through this shit and retrieve all the email while parsing
# and storing into your whatever db.
for emailid in item_ids:
resp, data = conn.fetch(emailid, "(RFC822)")
email_body = data[0][1]
mail = email.message_from_string(email_body)
My current problem is that I can't seem to be able to retrieve the body of the mail instance. I am able to see the content of the email by printing it or mail.as_string() but then even with mail.keys() and mail.values() i am actually unable to see the mail's content (the main message).
What is wrong with this email lib API? (or rather what am I doing wrong)?
From email docs:
You can pass the parser a string or a file object, and the parser will
return to you the root Message instance of the object structure.
For simple, non-MIME messages the payload of this root object will
likely be a string containing the text of the message. For MIME
messages, the root object will return True from its is_multipart()
method, and the subparts can be accessed via the get_payload() and
walk() methods.
So use get_payload() or if the message is multipart then call walk() method and then use get_payload() on a desirable subpart.
I would like to receive email using python. So far I have been able to get the subject but not the body. Here is the code I have been using:
import poplib
from email import parser
pop_conn = poplib.POP3_SSL('pop.gmail.com')
pop_conn.user('myusername')
pop_conn.pass_('mypassword')
#Get messages from server:
messages = [pop_conn.retr(i) for i in range(1, len(pop_conn.list()[1]) + 1)]
# Concat message pieces:
messages = ["\n".join(mssg[1]) for mssg in messages]
#Parse message intom an email object:
messages = [parser.Parser().parsestr(mssg) for mssg in messages]
for message in messages:
print message['subject']
print message['body']
pop_conn.quit()
My issue is that when I run this code it properly returns the Subject but not the body. So if I send an email with the subject "Tester" and the body "This is a test message" it looks like this in IDLE.
>>>>Tester >>>>None
So it appears to be accurately assessing the subject but not the body, I think it is in the parsing method right? The issue is that I don't know enough about these libraries to figure out how to change it so that it returns both a subject and a body.
The object message does not have a body, you will need to parse the multiple parts, like this:
for part in message.walk():
if part.get_content_type():
body = part.get_payload(decode=True)
The walk() function iterates depth-first through the parts of the email, and you are looking for the parts that have a content-type. The content types can be either text/plain or text/html, and sometimes one e-mail can contain both (if the message content_type is set to multipart/alternative).
The email parser returns an email.message.Message object, which does not contain a body key, as you'll see if you run
print message.keys()
What you want is the get_payload() method:
for message in messages:
print message['subject']
print message.get_payload()
pop_conn.quit()
But this gets complicated when it comes to multi-part messages; get_payload() returns a list of parts, each of which is a Message object. You can get a particular part of the multipart message by using get_payload(i), which returns the ith part, raises an IndexError if i is out of range, or raises a TypeError if the message is not multipart.
As Gustavo Costa De Oliveir points out, you can use the walk() method to get the parts in order -- it does a depth-first traversal of the parts and subparts of the message.
There's more about the email.parser module at http://docs.python.org/library/email.message.html#email.message.Message.
it also good return data in correct encoding in message contains some multilingual content
charset = part.get_content_charset()
content = part.get_payload(decode=True)
content = content.decode(charset).encode('utf-8')
Here is how I solved the problem using python 3 new capabilities:
import imaplib
import email
mail = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('imap.gmail.com')
mail.login(username, password)
mail.select(readonly=True) # refresh inbox
status, message_ids = mail.search(None, 'ALL') # get all emails
for message_id in message_ids[0].split(): # returns all message ids
# for every id get the actual email
status, message_data = mail.fetch(message_id, '(RFC822)')
actual_message = email.message_from_bytes(message_data[0][1])
# extract the needed fields
email_date = actual_message["Date"]
subject = actual_message["Subject"]
message_body = get_message_body(actual_message)
Now get_message_body is actually pretty tricky due to MIME format. I used the function suggested in this answer.
This particular example works with Gmail, but IMAP is a standard protocol, so it should work for other email providers as well, possibly with minor changes.
if u want to use IMAP4. Use outlook python library, download here : https://github.com/awangga/outlook
to retrieve unread email from your inbox :
import outlook
mail = outlook.Outlook()
mail.login('emailaccount#live.com','yourpassword')
mail.inbox()
print mail.unread()
to retrive email element :
print mail.mailbody()
print mail.mailsubject()
print mail.mailfrom()
print mail.mailto()
I have got an email multipart message object, and I want to convert the attachment in that email message into python file object. Is this possible? If it is possible, what method or class in Python I should look into to do such task?
I don't really understand what you mean by "email multipart message object". Do you mean an object belonging to the email.message.Message class?
If that is what you mean, it's straightforward. On a multipart message, the get_payload method returns a list of message parts (each of which is itself a Message object). You can iterate over these parts and examine their properties: for example, the get_content_type method returns the part's MIME type, and the get_filename method returns the part's filename (if any is specified in the message). Then when you've found the correct message part, you can call get_payload(decode=True) to get the decoded contents.
>>> import email
>>> msg = email.message_from_file(open('message.txt'))
>>> len(msg.get_payload())
2
>>> attachment = msg.get_payload()[1]
>>> attachment.get_content_type()
'image/png'
>>> open('attachment.png', 'wb').write(attachment.get_payload(decode=True))
If you're programmatically extracting attachments from email messages you have received, you might want to take precautions against viruses and trojans. In particular, you probably ought only to extract attachments whose MIME types you know are safe, and you probably want to pick your own filename, or at least sanitize the output of get_filename.
Here is working solution, messages are form IMAP server
self.imap.select()
typ, data = self.imap.uid('SEARCH', 'ALL')
msgs = data[0].split()
print "Found {0} msgs".format(len(msgs))
for uid in msgs:
typ, s = self.imap.uid('FETCH', uid, '(RFC822)')
mail = email.message_from_string(s[0][1])
print "From: {0}, Subject: {1}, Date: {2}\n".format(mail["From"], mail["Subject"], mail["Date"])
if mail.is_multipart():
print 'multipart'
for part in mail.walk():
ctype = part.get_content_type()
if ctype in ['image/jpeg', 'image/png']:
open(part.get_filename(), 'wb').write(part.get_payload(decode=True))
Actually using now-suggested email.EmailMessage API (don't confuse with old email.Message API) it is fairly easy to:
Iterate over all message elements and select only attachments
Iterate over just attachments
Let's assume that you have your message stored as byte content in envelope variable
Solution no.1:
import email
from email.message import EmailMessage
email_message: EmailMessage = email.message_from_bytes(envelope, _class=EmailMessage)
for email_message_part in email_message.walk():
if email_message.is_attachment():
# Do something with your attachment
Solution no.2: (preferable since you don't have to walk through other parts of your message object)
import email
from email.message import EmailMessage
email_message: EmailMessage = email.message_from_bytes(envelope, _class=EmailMessage)
for email_message_attachment in email_message.iter_attachments():
# Do something with your attachment
Couple things to note:
We explicitly tell to use new EmailMessage class in our byte read method through _class=EmailMessage parameter
You can read your email message (aka envelope) from sources such as bytes-like object, binary file object or string thanks to built-in methods in message.Parser API